USG6525E防火墙更换记录

公司原使用的防为墙为USG2210, 接了一条100M联通的企业光纤为公司内部300台左右电脑提供上网服务.最早这个型号最早是华为和赛门铁克合作研发的.

公司上线这个设备是2010年8月26日后来我又在2013年做了双机热备,防火墙和核心交换都做了备份,当时公司业务量还是很大的,也是病毒泛滥的年代.、灰鸽子、文件夹.EXE 等.  ,时隔多年,我又将防火墙更换为最新版本的设备USG6525E. 更换的过程中遇到了各种配置问题,主要是由于新版本的防火墙较之前有很大变化,最终由华为的工程师协助还是调试完成了.在此感谢!  大家在遇到问题时可以拨打4008229999会有工程师协助,中间联系这么多工程师发还有妹子协助解决,当然还有一些需要查文档的新手.尽量还是多给他们一些机会来学习.写这篇文章的目的是为了记录,因为调试过程中间耗费许多时间.

原设备:

新设备:

USG6525E前面板是镂空设计:网络端口2×10GE(SFP+)+8×GE Combo+2×GE WAN纠错 控制端口1×USB2.0+1×USB3.0, 足以满足中小企业需求.

USG2210防火墙原始配置如下:

 

acl number 2999
 rule 0 permit
 sysname USG2210
 web-manager enable port 10086
 info-center timestamp debugging date
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone local trust direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone local trust direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone local untrust direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone local untrust direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone local dmz direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone local dmz direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone local vzone direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone local vzone direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone trust untrust direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone trust untrust direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone trust dmz direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone trust dmz direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone trust vzone direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone trust vzone direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone dmz untrust direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone dmz untrust direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone untrust vzone direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone untrust vzone direction outbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone dmz vzone direction inbound
 firewall packet-filter default permit interzone dmz vzone direction outbound
 firewall defend ip-spoofing enable
 firewall defend land enable
 firewall defend smurf enable
 firewall defend fraggle enable
 firewall defend winnuke enable
 firewall defend icmp-redirect enable
 firewall defend icmp-unreachable enable
 firewall defend source-route enable
 firewall defend route-record enable
 firewall defend tracert enable
 firewall defend time-stamp enable
 firewall defend ping-of-death enable
 firewall defend teardrop enable
 firewall defend tcp-flag enable
 firewall defend ip-fragment enable
 firewall defend large-icmp enable
 firewall defend ip-sweep enable
 firewall defend port-scan enable
 firewall defend syn-flood enable
 firewall defend udp-flood enable
 firewall defend icmp-flood enable
 firewall defend get-flood enable
 firewall defend dns-flood enable
 firewall defend tcp-illegal-session enable
 firewall defend arp-flood enable
 firewall defend arp-spoofing enable
 firewall statistic system enable
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address x.x.x.x 255.255.255.0interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0interface NULL0
firewall zone local
 set priority 100
firewall zone trust
 set priority 85
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
firewall zone untrust
 set priority 5
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
firewall zone dmz
 set priority 50
firewall zone vzone
 set priority 0
firewall interzone trust untrust
 packet-filter 2999 outbound
 nat outbound 2999 address-group 1
aaa
 local-user adminadmin password cipher Y:O.H18#&N2SFAN&3^SD#^<L1!!
 local-user adminadmin service-type web telnet
 local-user adminadmin level 3
 local-user finson password cipher EO"Q61=BK%G=834JL]>45<433!!!
 local-user finson service-type web telnet
 local-user finson level 3
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default
right-manager server-group
 slb
 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.280.130.31
 ip route-static 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
 authentication-mode aaa
 protocol inbound telnet

随着光纤入户,居民上网速度大提示. 现在家用宽带都已提升至千兆,原有的百兆光纤明显不能满足企业需要. 现有的网络已经是多线接入. 1条企光纤+2条千兆ADSL..根据现在办公需求继续使用华为设备作为企业出口路由.

新设备支持100个SSL VPN可满足企业上网办公需求. 接口速度达20万兆.

废话不多上新防火墙配置,由于涉及公司重要信息,IP作的隐藏.

!Software Version V600R007C20SPC300
!Last configuration was saved at 2022-08-29 13:44:15 UTC
sysname USG6500E
 l2tp domain suffix-separator @
authentication-profile name portal_authen_default
 undo factory-configuration prohibit
undo telnet server enable
undo telnet ipv6 server enable
clock timezone UTC add 00:00:00
 firewall packet-filter basic-protocol enable
 update schedule location-sdb weekly Sun 01:57
#
 firewall defend port-scan enable
 firewall defend ip-sweep enable
 firewall defend teardrop enable
 firewall defend time-stamp enable
 firewall defend route-record enable
 firewall defend source-route enable
 firewall defend ip-fragment enable
 firewall defend tcp-flag enable
 firewall defend winnuke enable
 firewall defend fraggle enable
 firewall defend tracert enable
 firewall defend icmp-unreachable enable
 firewall defend icmp-redirect enable
 firewall defend large-icmp enable
 firewall defend ping-of-death enable
 firewall defend smurf enable
 firewall defend land enable
 firewall defend action discard
#
 undo log type traffic enable
 log type syslog enable
 log type policy enable
#
 undo dataflow enable
#
 undo sa force-detection enable
#
 banner enable
#
 user-manage web-authentication security port 8887
 undo privacy-statement english
 undo privacy-statement chinese
page-setting
 user-manage security version tlsv1.2
password-policy
 level high
#
 firewall ipv6 statistics system enable
#
 firewall ids authentication type aes256
#
 firewall tcp-mss 1200
#
 web-manager security version tlsv1.2
 web-manager enable
 web-manager security enable
 web-manager max-user-number 1
 undo web-manager config-guide enable
#
firewall dataplane to manageplane application-apperceive default-action drop
#
dns resolve 
dns server 114.114.114.114 
dns server 8.8.8.8 
dns server unnumbered interface Dialer0 
dns server unnumbered interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 
dns server unnumbered interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 
dns proxy enable
#
dhcp enable
#
update schedule ips-sdb daily 07:29
update schedule av-sdb daily 07:29
update schedule sa-sdb daily 07:29
update schedule ip-reputation daily 07:29
update schedule cnc daily 07:29
update schedule file-reputation daily 07:29
update schedule ext-url-sdb daily 07:29
#
 disk-usage alarm threshold 95 
#
ip vpn-instance default
 ipv4-family
#
ip-link check enable
ip-link name CNC037106524649
 destination 114.114.114.114 interface Dialer1 mode icmp
ip-link name TEL1
 destination 114.114.114.114 interface Dialer0 mode icmp
ip address-set VLAN8 type object
 description 所有服务器
 address 0 192.168.8.0 mask 24
 address 1 192.168.2.8 mask 32
 address 2 192.168.0.0 mask 16
#
ip address-set 开发组IP type object
 address 0 192.168.5.190 mask 32
 address 1 range 192.168.3.10 192.168.3.21
#
ip address-set 公网IP type object
 address 0 range X.X.X.X X.X.X.X
#
ip address-set VLAN-ALL type object
 address 0 192.168.0.0 mask 16
#
ip service-set 2222 type object 513
 service 0 protocol tcp source-port 2222 destination-port 2222
#
 time-range worktime
  period-range 08:00:00 to 18:00:00 working-day   
#
ike proposal default
 encryption-algorithm aes-256 aes-192 aes-128 
 dh group14 
 authentication-algorithm sha2-512 sha2-384 sha2-256 
 authentication-method pre-share
 integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256 
 prf hmac-sha2-256 
#
web-auth-server default
 port 50100
#
portal-access-profile name default
#
ip pool L2TP
 section 0 10.0.1.2 10.0.1.254
 dns-list 114.114.114.114 
#
aaa
 authentication-scheme admin_ad
 authentication-scheme admin_ad_local
 authentication-scheme admin_hwtacacs
 authentication-scheme admin_hwtacacs_local
 authentication-scheme admin_ldap
 authentication-scheme admin_ldap_local
 authentication-scheme admin_local
 authentication-scheme admin_radius
 authentication-scheme admin_radius_local
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 service-scheme l2tpSScheme_1660200618239
  ip-pool L2TP
 domain default
  service-type ssl-vpn
  internet-access mode password
  reference user current-domain
 domain jishu
  description 技术组
  service-type ssl-vpn
  internet-access mode password
  reference user current-domain
 manager-user Admin 
  password cipher 
  level 15 
  authentication-scheme admin_local 

 manager-user niewei 
  password cipher 
  service-type web terminal telnet ssh 
  level 15 
  authentication-scheme admin_local 

 lock-authentication timeout 1
 role system-admin
 role device-admin
 role device-admin(monitor)
 role audit-admin
 bind manager-user Admin role system-admin
 bind manager-user nieweidong role system-admin
#
interface Dialer0
 link-protocol ppp
 ppp chap user 637127543
 ppp chap password cipher %$%$UOS"7jI!jF[A+pRO86ZVvSt1%$%$
 ppp pap local-user 637127429153 password cipher %$%$_C\+S4.$Q*im${RGfV'.PJiD%$%$
 ppp ipcp dns admit-any
 ip address ppp-negotiate
 dialer user 637127429153
 dialer bundle 1
 service-manage ping permit
 bandwidth ingress 300000
 bandwidth egress 60000
 redirect-reverse
#
interface Dialer1
 link-protocol ppp
 ppp chap user 03710459
 ppp chap password cipher %$%$l:~IRzmyy0Vygz.K5)w9(fCR%$%$
 ppp pap local-user 037106524649 password cipher %$%$-}}DFidwz']gLV8*_aK(ZHDq%$%$
 ppp ipcp dns admit-any
 ip address ppp-negotiate
 undo service-manage enable
 bandwidth ingress 1000000
 bandwidth egress 1000000
 redirect-reverse
#
interface MEth0/0/0
 undo shutdown
 ip binding vpn-instance default
 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
 service-manage http permit
 service-manage https permit
 service-manage ping permit
#
l2tp-group default-lns
 tunnel password cipher %$%$Er,cOh761EEKV,>Ba]r/+)rx%$%$
 allow l2tp virtual-template 0
#
interface Virtual-Template0
 ppp authentication-mode chap
 remote service-scheme l2tpSScheme_1660200618239
 ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
 alias L2TP_LNS_0
 undo service-manage enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 undo shutdown
 alias 联通0371064549
 gateway 172.16.1.1 route disable
 service-manage https permit
 service-manage ssh permit
 service-manage telnet permit
 bandwidth ingress 1000000 threshold 90
 bandwidth egress 1000000 threshold 90
 ip address dhcp-alloc
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 undo shutdown
 alias 联通0371054545
 gateway 192.168.1.1 route disable
 service-manage https permit
 service-manage ssh permit
 service-manage telnet permit
 bandwidth ingress 1000000 threshold 90
 bandwidth egress 1000000 threshold 90
 ip address dhcp-alloc
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 pppoe-client dial-bundle-number 1 ipv4 
 undo shutdown
 alias 中国电信
 service-manage ping permit
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 shutdown
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
 shutdown
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
 shutdown
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
 shutdown
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.0.7.1 255.255.255.0
 alias WIFI-LAN
 service-manage https permit
 service-manage ping permit
 service-manage ssh permit
 bandwidth ingress 1000000
 bandwidth egress 1000000
 dhcp server mask 255.255.255.0 
 dhcp server ip-range 10.0.7.6 10.0.7.254
 dhcp select interface
 dhcp server gateway-list 10.0.7.1 
 dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 
#
interface WAN0/0/0
 undo shutdown
 ip address X.X.X.X 255.255.255.0
 ip address X.X.X.X 255.255.255.0 sub
 ip address X.X.X.41 255.255.255.0 sub
 ip address X.X.X.44 255.255.255.0 sub
 alias 企业光纤
 gateway X.X.X.33
 service-manage https permit
 service-manage ping permit
 service-manage ssh permit
 service-manage telnet permit
 bandwidth ingress 50000 threshold 75
 bandwidth egress 100000 threshold 75
 redirect-reverse next-hop X.X.X.31
#
interface WAN0/0/1
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
 alias LAN
 service-manage https permit
 service-manage ping permit
 service-manage ssh permit
 service-manage telnet permit
 bandwidth ingress 1000000
 bandwidth egress 100000
#
interface XGigabitEthernet0/0/0
 undo shutdown
#
interface XGigabitEthernet0/0/1
 undo shutdown
#
interface Virtual-if0
#
interface NULL0
#
firewall zone local
 set priority 100
#
firewall zone trust
 set priority 85
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
 add interface MEth0/0/0
 add interface Virtual-Template0
 add interface WAN0/0/1
#
firewall zone untrust
 set priority 5
 add interface Dialer0
 add interface Dialer1
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 add interface Virtual-if0
 add interface WAN0/0/0
#
firewall zone dmz
 set priority 50
#
api
 security version tlsv1.2
#
undo icmp name timestamp-request receive
undo icmp name timestamp-reply receive
undo icmp type 17 code 0 receive
undo icmp type 18 code 0 receive
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 WAN0/0/0 X.X.X.3
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer0
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip route-static 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.6.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.8.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.9.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
ip route-static 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
#
undo ssh server compatible-ssh1x enable
ssh user nieweidong
ssh user nieweidong authentication-type password
ssh user nieweidong service-type all
ssh user nieweidong sftp-directory hda1:
ssh server cipher aes256_ctr aes128_ctr
ssh server hmac sha2_256
ssh server key-exchange dh_group16_sha512 dh_group15_sha512 dh_group14_sha256 dh_group_exchange_sha256
ssh client cipher aes256_ctr aes128_ctr
ssh client hmac sha2_256
ssh client key-exchange dh_group16_sha512 dh_group15_sha512 dh_group14_sha256 dh_group_exchange_sha256
ssh server dh-exchange min-len 3072
ssh server publickey ecc
#
firewall detect ftp
#
 bandwidth-limit destination-ip type udp max-speed 50
 bandwidth-limit destination-ip type icmp max-speed 2000
 anti-ddos syn-flood source-detect 
 anti-ddos dns-request-flood source-detect mode basic
 anti-ddos dns-reply-flood source-detect
 anti-ddos sip-flood source-detect
 anti-ddos udp-flood dynamic-fingerprint-learn
 anti-ddos udp-frag-flood dynamic-fingerprint-learn
 anti-ddos https-flood source-detect
 anti-ddos http-flood source-detect mode basic
 anti-ddos first-packet-check syn
#
 v-gateway public ssl version tlsv12
 v-gateway public ssl public-key algorithm rsa 
 v-gateway public ssl ciphersuit custom aes256-sha aes128-sha
 v-gateway ssl-renegotiation-attack defend enable
 v-gateway ssl_vpn interface WAN0/0/0 port 2222 private
 v-gateway ssl_vpn authentication-domain default
 v-gateway ssl_vpn alias SSL_VPN
#
 v-gateway ssl_vpn_js interface WAN0/0/0 port 5555 private
 v-gateway ssl_vpn_js authentication-domain jishu
 v-gateway ssl_vpn_js alias ssl_vpn_js
#
#
 nat server 2 protocol tcp global X.X.X.X 30000 inside 192.168.8.19 30000 no-reverse

#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
 set authentication password cipher $1c$-4::1\|c5C$hf$"/8AsfPBhXM/p!5V>GKh{~[B*Z=X$,UL@+e/T$
user-interface vty 0 4
 authentication-mode aaa
user-interface vty 16 20
#
pki realm default
#
sa
#
location
#
nat address-group address1 0
 mode pat
 route enable
 section 0 X.X.X.X X.X.X.X
#
nat address-group 44 1
 mode pat
 section 0 X.X.X.44 X.X.X.44
#
interface-group 0 name adsl
 add interface Dialer1
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 add interface Dialer0
#
multi-interface
 mode proportion-of-bandwidth
 session persistence enable
 session persistence mode source-ip destination-ip
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 add interface WAN0/0/0
#
#****BEGIN***ssl_vpn**1****#
v-gateway ssl_vpn
 basic
  dns-server 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 
  ssl version tlsv12
  ssl timeout 5
  ssl lifecycle 1440
  ssl public-key algorithm rsa 
  ssl ciphersuit custom aes256-sha aes128-sha
 service
  network-extension enable
  network-extension keep-alive enable
  network-extension keep-alive interval 120
  network-extension netpool 172.16.20.1 172.16.20.50 255.255.255.0
  netpool 172.16.20.1 default
  network-extension mode manual
 
 security
  policy-default-action permit vt-src-ip
  certification cert-anonymous cert-field user-filter subject cn group-filter subject cn
  certification cert-anonymous filter-policy permit-all
  certification cert-challenge cert-field user-filter subject cn
  certification user-cert-filter key-usage any
  undo public-user enable
 hostchecker
 cachecleaner
 vpndb
  group /default
  group /default/call
 role
 role default
  role default condition all
  role default network-extension enable
#****END****#
#****BEGIN***ssl_vpn_js**1****#
v-gateway ssl_vpn_js
 basic
  dns-server 114.114.114.114  
  ssl version tlsv12
  ssl timeout 5
  ssl lifecycle 1440
  ssl public-key algorithm rsa 
  ssl ciphersuit custom aes256-sha aes128-sha
 service
  network-extension enable
  network-extension keep-alive enable
  network-extension keep-alive interval 120
  network-extension netpool 172.16.20.60 172.16.20.70 255.255.255.0
  netpool 172.16.20.60 default
  network-extension mode manual
  network-extension manual-route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
  network-extension manual-route 192.168.8.0 255.255.255.0
 security
  policy-default-action permit vt-src-ip
  certification cert-anonymous cert-field user-filter subject cn group-filter subject cn
  certification cert-anonymous filter-policy permit-all
  certification cert-challenge cert-field user-filter subject cn
  certification user-cert-filter key-usage any
  undo public-user enable
 hostchecker
 cachecleaner
 vpndb
  group /default
  group /jishu
  group /jishu/kaifa
 role
 role default
  role default condition all
  role default network-extension enable
#****END****#
#
right-manager server-group
#
IoT
#
network-scan
 network-scan timeout per-asset 300
 network-scan timeout entire-scan 23
 conflict-resolve override
#
ztna
#
device-classification
 device-group pc
 device-group mobile-terminal
 device-group undefined-group
#
user-manage single-sign-on ad
user-manage single-sign-on tsm
user-manage single-sign-on radius
user-manage auto-sync online-user
user-manage server-sync tsm
#
security-policy
 default action permit
 rule name sslvpn_ul
  source-zone untrust
  destination-zone local
  service 2222
  service 5555
  service udp
  action permit
 rule name untrust>trust
  source-zone untrust
  destination-zone trust
  action permit
 rule name 工作时间禁止
  disable
  source-zone trust
  destination-zone untrust
  application label P2P-Based
  time-range worktime
  action deny
 rule name trust>untrust
  source-zone trust
  destination-zone untrust
  action permit
#
auth-policy
#
traffic-policy
#
policy-based-route
 rule name nopbr
  source-zone trust
  source-address address-set VLAN8
  destination-address address-set VLAN8
  action no-pbr
 rule name 服务器网络策略
  description 服务器走企业光纤
  ingress-interface WAN0/0/1
  source-address address-set 服务器网段VLAN8
  source-address address-set 开发组IP
  action pbr egress-interface WAN0/0/0 next-hop X.X.X.33
 rule name WIFI带宽占用策略
  description WIFI高带宽占用走ADSL线路
  disable
  ingress-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
  application label Bandwidth-Consuming
  application label Data-Loss
  application label Productivity-Loss
  action pbr egress-interface multi-interface
   mode proportion-of-bandwidth
   session persistence enable
   session persistence mode source-ip destination-ip
   add interface-group adsl
 rule name LAN带宽占用策略
  description LAN高带宽占用走ADSL线路
  disable
  ingress-interface WAN0/0/1
  application label Bandwidth-Consuming
  action pbr egress-interface multi-interface
   mode proportion-of-bandwidth
   session persistence enable
   session persistence mode source-ip destination-ip
   add interface-group adsl
 rule name 32
  disable
  source-zone trust
  source-address 192.168.3.100 mask 255.255.255.255
  action pbr egress-interface WAN0/0/0 next-hop X.X.X.33
#
nat-policy
 rule name 指定NAT地址出口
  description 用于开发测试
  source-zone trust
  destination-zone trust
  source-address 192.168.3.10 mask 255.255.255.255
  destination-address 192.168.8.215 mask 255.255.255.255
  action source-nat address-group 44
 rule name 域内策略
  description 勿删除
  source-zone trust
  destination-zone trust
  source-address address-set VLAN8
  destination-address address-set VLAN8
  action source-nat address-group address1
 rule name 上网策略
  description 勿删除
  source-zone trust
  egress-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
  egress-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
  egress-interface WAN0/0/0
  action source-nat easy-ip
#
proxy-policy
#
quota-policy
#
pcp-policy
#
dns-transparent-policy
 dns server bind interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7 preferred 114.114.114.114 alternate 8.8.8.8 
 dns server bind interface WAN0/0/0 preferred 114.114.114.114 alternate 8.8.8.8 
 mode based-on-multi-interface
#
rightm-policy
#
decryption-policy
#
flow-probe-policy
#
mac-access-profile name mac_access_profile
#
return  

　　重点重点:

问题1: 域内策略开放, trust >  trunst 之前必须开放,不开放会出现不能正常访问服务器.(WEB服务器中部分内嵌入的是公网地址).

上网NAT地址转换最好写为出接口的地址.

 

以上这几个地方是需注意的.

另外: 多条上网线路需开启全局上网策略.