python 基础1

linux下解决命令多版本共存：

alternatives --config python3

可以用虚拟环境解决python多版本开发问题。

更改pip默认的源

pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

pip install -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com

pip通用配置
windows配置文件： ~/pip/pip.ini 。windows家目录，在“运行”中键入 .
Linux配置文件： ~/.pip/pip.conf
最新linux配置： ~/.config/pip/pip.conf

内容，可参照 http://mirrors.aliyun.com的pypi帮助
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

Jupyter
是基于WEB的交互式笔记本，其中可以非常方便的使用Python。
安装Jupyter，也会依赖安装ipython的

$ pip install jupyter
$ jupyter notebook help
$ jupyter notebook --ip=0.0.0.0 --no-browser
$ ss -tanl

常用快捷键
a之前插入代码块、b之后插入代码块
L 增加行号
运行代码块 shift + enter，选择下面的代码块
运行当前代码块 ctrl + enter

安装虚拟环境

pip3 install virtualenv

新建一个普通用户

useradd python

echo python | passwd --stdin python

su - python

创建工程目录，并设置虚拟环境

$ mkdir -p projects/cmdb
$ mkdir venvs
$ cd venvs
$ virtualenv vcmdb
$ ls
vcmdb
$ cd ~/projects/cmdb/
$ pwd
/home/python/projects/cmdb
(vcmdb) 表示虚拟环境
$ source ~/venvs/vcmdb/bin/activate
(vcmdb) [python@localhost cmdb]$ python -V
Python 3.8.0
(vcmdb) [python@localhost cmdb]$ deactivate
$ python3 -V
Python 3.8.0

基于3.6的虚拟环境，使用-p 指定3.6版本python解释器

$ virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3.6 vcmdb36
$ cd ~/projects/cmdb/
$ source ~/venvs/vcmdb36/bin/activate
(vcmdb36) [python@localhost cmdb]$ python -V
Python 3.6.8
(vcmdb36) [python@localhost cmdb]$ which python3
~/venvs/vcmdb36/bin/python3
(vcmdb36) [python@localhost cmdb]$ which python
~/venvs/vcmdb36/bin/python
(vcmdb36) [python@localhost cmdb]$ deactivate
[python@localhost cmdb]$ python3 -V
Python 3.8.0

pyenv

查看当前版本

pyenv version

查看所有版本

pyenv versions

查看所有可安装的版本

pyenv install --list

安装指定版本

pyenv install 3.6.5

安装新版本后rehash一下

pyenv rehash

删除指定版本

pyenv uninstall 3.5.2

指定全局版本

pyenv global 3.6.5

指定多个全局版本, 3版本优先

pyenv global 3.6.5 2.7.14

实际上当你切换版本后, 相应的pip和包仓库都是会自动切换过去的

pip freeze > requirements.txt
pip install -r requirements.txt

FROM python:3.8
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt /app/
RUN pip install -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com --upgrade pip && pip install -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com -r requirements.txt
COPY . /app/

EXPOSE 8000
CMD ["python", "manage.py", "runserver", "0.0.0.0:8000"]

docker build -t yansongwei/django:src_2 .

docker run -p 31801:8000 --name django-test yansongwei/django:src_2

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
k8s.kuboard.cn/name: django-keycloak
name: django-keycloak
spec:
progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
app: django-keycloak
strategy:
type: Recreate
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
app: django-keycloak
spec:
containers:
- env:
- name: ServicePort
value: '80'
- name: TargetPort
value: '80'
- name: ServiceHost
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
apiVersion: v1
fieldPath: status.podIP
- name: HostIP
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
apiVersion: v1
fieldPath: status.hostIP
- name: MY_POD_IP
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
apiVersion: v1
fieldPath: status.podIP
image: 'yansongwei/django:src_2'
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: django-keycloak
ports:
- containerPort: 8000
protocol: TCP
resources:
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 800Mi
requests:
cpu: 4m
memory: 10Mi
terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
terminationMessagePolicy: File
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
imagePullSecrets:
- name: betasecret
nodeSelector:
beta.istio: istio
restartPolicy: Always
schedulerName: default-scheduler
securityContext: {}
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app: django-keycloak
service: django-keycloak
name: django-keycloak
spec:
ports:
- name: grpc
port: 8000
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 8000
selector:
app: django-keycloak
sessionAffinity: None
type: ClusterIP

![](https://img2022.cnblogs.com/blog/1221545/202203/1221545-20220311094227898-1539692854.png)