引入字典---利用字典来对应同类型的数据与key

#定义sanitize函数格式化数据
def sanitize(time_string):
    try:
        if '-' in time_string:                
            splitter = '-'

        elif ':' in time_string:
            splitter = ':'

        else:
            return(time_string)        #返回格式化的数据
        (mins, secs) = time_string.split(splitter)

        return(mins + '.'+secs)
    except:
        print ('values error')

        
 #定义函数get_coach_data将文档转化为数列
def get_coach_data(filename):
    try:
        with open (filename) as f:
            data = f.readline()
        templ = data.strip().split(',')
#返回一个字典
        return({ 'Name' :templ.pop(0),
                'DOB' :templ.pop(0),
                'Times' :str(sorted(set([sanitize(t) for t in templ]))[0:3])})
    except IOError as ioerr:
        print('File error:' + str(ioerr))   #报错
        return(None)                        #并返回None,指示失败
#输出
james = get_coach_data( 'james2.txt' )　　#将字典赋至给变量
print(james[ 'Name' ] + "'s fastest time are: " + james[ 'Times' ])

julie2 = get_coach_data( 'julie2.txt' )
print(julie2[ 'Name' ] + "'s fastest time are: " + julie2[ 'Times' ])

sarah2 = get_coach_data( 'sarah2.txt' )
print(sarah2[ 'Name' ] + "'s fastest time are: " + sarah2[ 'Times' ])

mikey2 = get_coach_data( 'mikey2.txt' )
print(mikey2[ 'Name' ] + "'s fastest time are: " + mikey2[ 'Times' ])

 

#创建字典的两种方法
new_d = {}
new_d = dict()
#填充字典的两种方法
new_d['name'] = 'liz'
new_d = { 'name' : 'liz'}