英语中的人际关系

英语中表示人际关系的词汇比汉语中简单得多。一个表示家庭成员或亲戚关系的英语单词往往有几个相对应的中文表达.
如grand(祖、孙)表示"隔代的"，grandmother可以是“祖母”，也可能是“外祖母”；grandson既是"孙子"又是"外孙";great表示"隔两代的"，如great grandmother表示"曾祖母"或"外曾祖母"；cousin可以是“堂兄弟；表兄弟；堂姐妹；表姐妹”；汉语中的“叔叔、伯父、舅父、姑丈、姨丈”等在英语中都可以叫uncle, aunt一词也包括了我们的四"母"---伯母、婶母、姨母和舅母。而niece是"侄女"又是"外甥女"；nephew是"外甥"也是"侄子"。表示家庭成员关系的前后缀有：grand-，great-，half-，foster-，ex-，step-，-in-1aw等。

高祖父Great great grandfather

高祖母Great great grandmother

父亲/爸爸 Father

母亲/妈妈 Mother

妻子/老婆 Wife

丈夫/老公 Husband

儿子Son

女儿 Daughter

长兄/哥哥Older Brother

长姊/姐姐Older Sister

大伯 Husband's older brother; brother-in-law

大姑 Husband's older sister; sister-in-law

弟妹 Younger brother's wife; sister-in-law

女婿 Daughter's husband; Son-in-law

公公 Husband's father; father-in-law

婆婆 Husband's mother; mother-in-law

姑夫Father's sister's husband; Husband of paternal aunt; uncle

姑母Father's sister; Paternal aunt

姑爷Father's father's sister's husband; Paternal grandaunt's husband

舅舅Mother's brother; Maternal uncle

舅母Mother's brother's wife; Maternal uncle's wife

妹夫 Younger sister's husband

内弟/小舅子Wife's younger brother

内兄/大舅子 Wife's older brother

嫂子 Older brother's wife; sister-in-law

婶母/婶子Father's younger brother's wife; Aunt

叔父/叔叔 Father's younger brother; Uncle

叔丈母  Wife's aunt

叔丈人  Wife's uncle

孙女 Son's daughter; Granddaughter

孙女婿  Son's daughter's husband; Granddaughter's husband

孙媳妇 Son's son's wife; Grandson's wife

孙子 Son's son; Grandson

堂兄弟 Father's brother's sons; Paternal male cousin

堂姊妹 Father's brother's daughters; Paternal female cousin

同胞兄妹 Sibling

外甥  Sister's son

外甥Wife's sibling's son

外甥女Sister's daughter

外甥女Wife's sibling's daughter

外甥女婿Sister's daughter's husband

外甥媳妇 Sister's son's wife

外孙 Daughter's son; grandson

外孙女 Daughter's daughter; granddaughter

外祖父/外公/老爷  Mother's father; Maternal grandfather

外祖母/外婆/姥姥Mother's mother; Maternal grandmother

媳妇 Son's wife; Daughter-in-law

小姑  Husband's younger sister; sister-in-law

小叔Husband's younger brother; brother-in-law

玄孙Great great grandson

养父 Foster, adopted father

养母 Foster, adopted mother

姨夫 Mother's sister's husband; Husband of mother's sister

姨姐/大姨 Wife's elder sister; sister-in-law

姨妹/小姨 Wife's younger sister; sister-in-law

姨母/姨妈 Mother's sister

姨甥男女 Wife's sister's children

幼弟/弟弟 Younger Brother

幼妹/妹妹 Younger Sister

岳父 Wife's father, Father-in-law

岳母 Wife's mother, Mother-in-law

曾孙 Great grandson

曾祖父/老爷爷 Father's father's father; Great grandfatherａ

曾祖母/老奶奶 Father's father's mother; Great grandmother

丈夫/老公 Husband

侄女 Brother's daughter; niece

侄女婿 Brother's daughter's husband; niece's husband

侄孙 Grandnephew

侄孙女 Grand niece

侄媳妇 Brother's son's wife; nephew's wife

侄子 Brother's son; nephew

祖父/爷爷 Father's father; Paternal grandfather

祖姑母/姑奶奶 Father's father's sister;

祖母/奶奶 Father's mother; Paternal grandmother

姊夫/姐夫 Older sister's husband

妯娌 Brother's wife; sister-in-law

表姑 Second cousin

表叔 Second cousin

表兄弟 Father's sister's sons; male cousin

表兄弟 Maternal male cousin

表侄 Second cousin

表姊妹 Father's sister's daughters; female cousin

表姊妹 Maternal female cousin

伯父/大爷 Father's older brother; Elder uncle

伯母/大娘 Father's older brother's wife; Aunt

伯叔祖父 Father's father's brother; Great uncle

伯叔祖母 Father's father's brother's wife; Great aunt

继父Step father

继母Step mother

襟兄弟Husband of wife's sister

同父异母兄弟/姐妹,同母异父兄弟/姐妹 half-brother/sister(有血缘关系), step-brother/sister(无血缘关系)

前夫 ex-husband

前妻 ex-wife

fosterbrother(奶兄弟)

foster-sister(奶姐妹)