docker compose部署prometheus+grafana+alertmanager+prometheus-webhook-dingtalk 。实现图形 prometheus监控钉钉告警

一、了解服务作用

Prometheus 开源的系统监控和报警框架，灵感源自Google的Borgmon监控系统
AlertManager 处理由客户端应用程序（如Prometheus server）发送的警报。它负责将重复数据删除，分组和路由到正确的接收者集成，还负责沉默和抑制警报
Node_Exporter 用来监控各节点的资源信息的exporter，应部署到prometheus监控的所有节点
prometheus-webhook-dingtalk 钉钉告警插件
grafana 监控可视化

二、创建prometheus目录便于存放所有监控。以及机器信息

服务器就一台：10.1.1.10 存放所有服务。想监控多一台配置文件新增个job ，被监控方启个Node_Exporter服务即可

此文档路径可能有偏差注意下文件路径以及compose写得路径

mkdir /data/prometheus    #以下所有操作都在prometheus目录下操作
cd /data/prometheus

三、创建prometheus配置文件以及数据目录。用于启动prometheu时读取

mkdir /prometheus/data -p

chmod 777 /prometheus/data         #创建存放prometheus数据目录

vim /prometheus/prometheus.yml

global:
  scrape_interval:     15s    # 多久 收集 一次数据
  evaluation_interval: 15s    # 多久 评估 一次规则
  scrape_timeout:      10s    # 每次 收集数据的 超时时间

# 收集数据 配置 列表
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: prometheus            # 必须配置, 自动附加的job labels, 必须唯一
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['10.1.1.10:9090']       # 指定prometheus ip端口
        labels:
          instance: prometheus                 #标签

  - job_name: ehospital-exploit-database
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['10.1.1.10:9100']
        labels:
          instance: eehospital-exploit-database


alerting:                         #Alertmanager相关的配置
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
      - 10.1.1.10:9093         #指定告警模块

rule_files:                      #告警规则文件, 可以使用通配符 
  - "/etc/prometheus/rules/*.yml"

四、创建告警规则文件及触发条件文件。用于prometheus配置文件读取此告警内容

4.1： 
mkdir runles   #先创建rules目录 
vim runles/alert-rules.yml       #通用

groups:
  - name: prometheus-alert
    rules:
    - alert: prometheus-down
      expr: prometheus:up == 0
      for: 1m
      labels:
        severity: 'critical'
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 宕机了"
        description: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} \n- job: {{ $labels.job }} 关机了， 时间已经1分钟了。"
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"



    - alert: prometheus-cpu-high
      expr:  prometheus:cpu:total:percent > 80
      for: 3m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} cpu 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} \n- job: {{ $labels.job }} CPU使用率已经持续一分钟高过80% 。"
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"

    - alert: prometheus-cpu-iowait-high
      expr:  prometheus:cpu:iowait:percent >= 12
      for: 3m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} cpu iowait 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} \n- job: {{ $labels.job }} cpu iowait使用率已经持续三分钟高过12%"
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"



    - alert: prometheus-load-load1-high
      expr:  (prometheus:load:load1) > (prometheus:cpu:count) * 1.2
      for: 3m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} load1 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-memory-high
      expr:  prometheus:memory:used:percent > 85
      for: 3m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} memory 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-disk-high
      expr:  prometheus:disk:used:percent > 80
      for: 10m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} disk 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-disk-read:count-high
      expr:  prometheus:disk:read:count:rate > 2000
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} iops read 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-disk-write-count-high
      expr:  prometheus:disk:write:count:rate > 2000
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} iops write 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-disk-read-mb-high
      expr:  prometheus:disk:read:mb:rate > 60
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 读取字节数 高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"
        value: "{{ $value }}"


    - alert: prometheus-disk-write-mb-high
      expr:  prometheus:disk:write:mb:rate > 60
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 写入字节数 高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-filefd-allocated-percent-high
      expr:  prometheus:filefd_allocated:percent > 80
      for: 10m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 打开文件描述符 高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-network-netin-error-rate-high
      expr:  prometheus:network:netin:error:rate > 4
      for: 1m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 包进入的错误速率 高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-network-netin-packet-rate-high
      expr:  prometheus:network:netin:packet:rate > 35000
      for: 1m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 包进入速率 高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-network-netout-packet-rate-high
      expr:  prometheus:network:netout:packet:rate > 35000
      for: 1m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 包流出速率 高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-network-tcp-total-count-high
      expr:  prometheus:network:tcp:total:count > 40000
      for: 1m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} tcp连接数量 高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-process-zoom-total-count-high
      expr:  prometheus:process:zoom:total:count > 10
      for: 10m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 僵死进程数量 高于 {{ $value }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: prometheus-time-offset-high
      expr:  prometheus:time:offset > 0.03
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} {{ $labels.desc }}  {{ $value }} {{ $labels.unit }}"
        description: ""
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"

vim rules/record-rules.yml

groups:
  - name: prometheus-record
    rules:
    - expr: up{job!="prometheus"}
      record: prometheus:up
      labels:
        desc: "节点是否在线, 在线1,不在线0"
        unit: " "
        job: "prometheus"
    - expr: time() - node_boot_time_seconds{}
      record: prometheus:node_uptime
      labels:
        desc: "节点的运行时间"
        unit: "s"
        job: "prometheus"
##############################################################################################
#                              cpu                                                           #
    - expr: (1 - avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job!="prometheus",mode="idle"}[5m])))  * 100
      record: prometheus:cpu:total:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的cpu总消耗百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job!="prometheus",mode="idle"}[5m])))  * 100
      record: prometheus:cpu:idle:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的cpu idle百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job!="prometheus",mode="iowait"}[5m])))  * 100
      record: prometheus:cpu:iowait:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的cpu iowait百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"



    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job!="prometheus",mode="system"}[5m])))  * 100
      record: prometheus:cpu:system:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的cpu system百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job!="prometheus",mode="user"}[5m])))  * 100
      record: prometheus:cpu:user:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的cpu user百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job!="prometheus",mode=~"softirq|nice|irq|steal"}[5m])))  * 100
      record: prometheus:cpu:other:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的cpu 其他的百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"
##############################################################################################

##############################################################################################
#                                    memory                                                  #
    - expr: node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job!="prometheus"}
      record: prometheus:memory:total
      labels:
        desc: "节点的内存总量"
        unit: byte
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: node_memory_MemFree_bytes{job!="prometheus"}
      record: prometheus:memory:free
      labels:
        desc: "节点的剩余内存量"
        unit: byte
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job!="prometheus"} - node_memory_MemFree_bytes{job!="prometheus"}
      record: prometheus:memory:used
      labels:
        desc: "节点的已使用内存量"
        unit: byte
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job!="prometheus"} - node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job!="prometheus"}
      record: prometheus:memory:actualused
      labels:
        desc: "节点用户实际使用的内存量"
        unit: byte
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: (1-(node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job!="prometheus"} / (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job!="prometheus"})))* 100
      record: prometheus:memory:used:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的内存使用百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: ((node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job!="prometheus"} / (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job!="prometheus"})))* 100
      record: prometheus:memory:free:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的内存剩余百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"
##############################################################################################
#                                   load                                                     #
    - expr: sum by (instance) (node_load1{job!="prometheus"})
      record: prometheus:load:load1
      labels:
        desc: "系统1分钟负载"
        unit: " "
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: sum by (instance) (node_load5{job!="prometheus"})
      record: prometheus:load:load5
      labels:
        desc: "系统5分钟负载"
        unit: " "
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: sum by (instance) (node_load15{job!="prometheus"})
      record: prometheus:load:load15
      labels:
        desc: "系统15分钟负载"
        unit: " "
        job: "prometheus"

##############################################################################################
#                                 disk                                                       #
    - expr: node_filesystem_size_bytes{job!="prometheus" ,fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}
      record: prometheus:disk:usage:total
      labels:
        desc: "节点的磁盘总量"
        unit: byte
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: node_filesystem_avail_bytes{job!="prometheus",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}
      record: prometheus:disk:usage:free
      labels:
        desc: "节点的磁盘剩余空间"
        unit: byte
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: node_filesystem_size_bytes{job!="prometheus",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"} - node_filesystem_avail_bytes{job!="prometheus",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}
      record: prometheus:disk:usage:used
      labels:
        desc: "节点的磁盘使用的空间"
        unit: byte
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr:  (1 - node_filesystem_avail_bytes{job!="prometheus",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"} / node_filesystem_size_bytes{job!="prometheus",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}) * 100
      record: prometheus:disk:used:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的磁盘的使用百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: irate(node_disk_reads_completed_total{job!="prometheus"}[1m])
      record: prometheus:disk:read:count:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点的磁盘读取速率"
        unit: "次/秒"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: irate(node_disk_writes_completed_total{job!="prometheus"}[1m])
      record: prometheus:disk:write:count:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点的磁盘写入速率"
        unit: "次/秒"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: (irate(node_disk_written_bytes_total{job!="prometheus"}[1m]))/1024/1024
      record: prometheus:disk:read:mb:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点的设备读取MB速率"
        unit: "MB/s"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: (irate(node_disk_read_bytes_total{job!="prometheus"}[1m]))/1024/1024
      record: prometheus:disk:write:mb:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点的设备写入MB速率"
        unit: "MB/s"
        job: "prometheus"

##############################################################################################
#                                filesystem                                                  #
    - expr:   (1 -node_filesystem_files_free{job!="prometheus",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"} / node_filesystem_files{job!="prometheus",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}) * 100
      record: prometheus:filesystem:used:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的inode的剩余可用的百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"
#############################################################################################
#                                filefd                                                     #
    - expr: node_filefd_allocated{job!="prometheus"}
      record: prometheus:filefd_allocated:count
      labels:
        desc: "节点的文件描述符打开个数"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: node_filefd_allocated{job!="prometheus"}/node_filefd_maximum{job!="prometheus"} * 100
      record: prometheus:filefd_allocated:percent
      labels:
        desc: "节点的文件描述符打开百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "prometheus"

#############################################################################################
#                                network                                                    #
    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_receive_bytes_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: prometheus:network:netin:bit:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点网卡eth0每秒接收的比特数"
        unit: "bit/s"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: prometheus:network:netout:bit:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点网卡eth0每秒发送的比特数"
        unit: "bit/s"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_receive_packets_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: prometheus:network:netin:packet:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点网卡每秒接收的数据包个数"
        unit: "个/秒"
        job: "prometheus"


    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_transmit_packets_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: prometheus:network:netout:packet:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点网卡发送的数据包个数"
        unit: "个/秒"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_receive_errs_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: prometheus:network:netin:error:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点设备驱动器检测到的接收错误包的数量"
        unit: "个/秒"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_transmit_errs_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: prometheus:network:netout:error:rate
      labels:
        desc: "节点设备驱动器检测到的发送错误包的数量"
        unit: "个/秒"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: node_tcp_connection_states{job!="prometheus", state="established"}
      record: prometheus:network:tcp:established:count
      labels:
        desc: "节点当前established的个数"
        unit: "个"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: node_tcp_connection_states{job!="prometheus", state="time_wait"}
      record: prometheus:network:tcp:timewait:count
      labels:
        desc: "节点timewait的连接数"
        unit: "个"
        job: "prometheus"

    - expr: sum by (environment,instance) (node_tcp_connection_states{job!="prometheus"})
      record: prometheus:network:tcp:total:count
      labels:
        desc: "节点tcp连接总数"
        unit: "个"
        job: "prometheus"

五、创建grafana数据目录以及配置文件。用于grafana存放数据

mkdir grafana/grafana-storage -p
chmod 777 grafana/grafana-storage

grafana.ini 配置文件可从grafana容器里拷贝一份出来

六、创建alert配置。用于向webhook发送告警

mkdir alert
vim alert/alertmanager.yml

global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m
route:
  receiver: webhook
  group_wait: 30s
  group_interval: 5m
  repeat_interval: 5m
  group_by: [alertname]
  routes:
  - receiver: webhook
    group_wait: 10s
receivers:
- name: webhook
  webhook_configs:
  - url: http://10.1.1.10:8060/dingtalk/webhook1/send             
    send_resolved: true
~

指向webhook的地址

七、编辑docker-compose启动服务yml

vim docker-compose.yml

version: '3.2'
services:
  prometheus:
    image: prom/prometheus
    restart: "always"
    ports:
      - 9090:9090
    container_name: "prometheus"
    volumes:
      - "./prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
      - "./rules:/etc/prometheus/rules"
      - "./prometheus/data:/prometheus"
    command:
      - '--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml'          设置yml路径  跟上面挂载对应
      - '--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus'                     #设置数据路径   跟上面挂载对应

#告警模块
  alertmanager:
    image: prom/alertmanager:latest
    restart: "always"
    ports:
      - 9093:9093
    container_name: "alertmanager"
    volumes:
      - "./alert/alertmanager.yml:/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml"

#钉钉插件
  webhook:
    image: timonwong/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk
    restart: "always"
    ports:
      - 8060:8060
    container_name: "webhook"           #token指定钉钉
    command:
      - '--ding.profile=webhook1=https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=* 钉钉机器人地址'

#web界面
  grafana:
    image: grafana/grafana
    restart: "always"
    ports:
      - 3000:3000
    container_name: "grafana"
    volumes:
      - "./grafana/grafana.ini:/etc/grafana/grafana.ini"              #配置文件自行拷贝出来
      - "./grafana/grafana-storage:/var/lib/grafana"

7.2 启动

docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d

八、创建启动收集服务node-exporter-compose.yml

vim  node-exporter-compose.yml

docker-compose -f node-exporter-compose.yml up -d

version: '3.2'
services:
  node-exporter:
    image: prom/node-exporter
    restart: "always"
    ports:
      - 9100:9100
    container_name: "node-exporter"
    volumes:
      - "/proc:/host/proc:ro"
      - "/sys:/host/sys:ro"
      - "/:/rootfs:ro"

每加一台。创建一份即可。本机也行

九、检查

docker ps -a   #检查容器是否启动
netstat -nltp    #检查端口是否启动

页面访问ip：9090

十、配置Grafana

#去官方下载监控模板即可

插件地址：https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards

到这就部署完了。谢谢观看，转载请@此文章

posted @ 2021-06-22 18:48 mrdongdong 阅读(885) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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docker compose部署prometheus+grafana+alertmanager+prometheus-webhook-dingtalk 。实现图形 prometheus监控 钉钉告警

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docker compose部署prometheus+grafana+alertmanager+prometheus-webhook-dingtalk 。实现图形 prometheus监控钉钉告警