SpringBoot应用打包并在MiniKube部署

  1. 概览

    1. 准备环境

      1. windows下安装Docker Desktop
      2. 编写一个用于测试的HelloWord的SpringBoot应用

    2. 基于应用打包docker镜像

      1. 使用Dockerfile（最通用，本次以这个为准）
      2. 使用 Spring Boot build-image（免 Dockerfile）
      3. 使用 Jib（不需要 Docker 环境）

    3. 发布到K8S集群，编写Deployments和Service运行服务6

    4. 参考资料

      1. ((20250805021845-4bl30iz '标准参考步骤'))
      2. ((20250815014300-yce4q7x '镜像推送到K8S服务的三种方法'))

  2. 详细步骤

    1. 安装docker desktop 并设置国内镜像源

      这样使用 docker build 的时候才能拉得到镜像，否则会访问docker.io网络原因失败。

      image

    2. 创建SpringBoot 工程

      └─k8sHello3 - 副本
    │  Dockerfile
    │  pom.xml
    └─src
        └─main
            ├─java
            │  └─com
            │      └─example
            │              HelloworldApplication.java
            │              HelloWorldController.java
            └─resources
                    application.properties

      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.4</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>k8sHello3</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <java.version>21</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JDBC + 数据源 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- MySQL 驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
            <version>8.3.0</version> <!-- 可根据需求升级 -->
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.4</version> <!-- 根据你使用的 Spring Boot 版本 -->
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal> <!-- 关键点！ -->
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

    3. 创建Dockerfile脚本

      FROM maven:3.9.6-eclipse-temurin-21 as builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN mvn clean package -DskipTests

FROM eclipse-temurin:21-jdk
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=builder /app/target/*.jar app.jar
EXPOSE 9000
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "app.jar"]

    4. 构建Docker镜像

      注意：这里需要用到系统的maven路径，maven的参数，所以需要本地的默认jdk和maven最好和springboot工程的一致

      image
      image

    5. 执行构建

      PS E:\develop\IdeaCode\MyCode\SpringK8S\k8sHello3> docker build -t mazhiqiang/springboot-demo:1.0 .
PS E:\develop\IdeaCode\MyCode\SpringK8S\k8sHello3> docker build -t mazhiqiang/springboot-demo:1.0 .
[+] Building 151.3s (13/13) FINISHED                                                                                                                                                                                                                               docker:desktop-linux
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                                                                                                                                                               0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 795B                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               0.0s
 => WARN: FromAsCasing: 'as' and 'FROM' keywords' casing do not match (line 20)                                                                                                                                                                                                    0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/eclipse-temurin:21-jre-alpine                                                                                                                                                                                                   8.6s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/maven:3.9.6-eclipse-temurin-21                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.6s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    0.0s
 => [builder 1/4] FROM docker.io/library/maven:3.9.6-eclipse-temurin-21@sha256:8d63d4c1902cb12d9e79a70671b18ebe26358cb592561af33ca1808f00d935cb                                                                                                                                    0.0s
 => [internal] load build context                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2.3s
 => => transferring context: 24.43MB                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               2.3s
 => [stage-1 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/eclipse-temurin:21-jre-alpine@sha256:4ca7eff3ab0ef9b41f5fefa35efaeda9ed8d26e161e1192473b24b3a6c348aef                                                                                                                                    13.5s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/eclipse-temurin:21-jre-alpine@sha256:4ca7eff3ab0ef9b41f5fefa35efaeda9ed8d26e161e1192473b24b3a6c348aef                                                                                                                                             0.0s
 => => sha256:4ca7eff3ab0ef9b41f5fefa35efaeda9ed8d26e161e1192473b24b3a6c348aef 2.68kB / 2.68kB                                                                                                                                                                                     0.0s
 => => sha256:3408c45e1faee20e4e68808939a75f87efa469b927d20e12309689ead053daba 1.94kB / 1.94kB                                                                                                                                                                                     0.0s
 => => sha256:1ab59740150ab3beff6f26cb814b36f6b3d51aae8959b288d98c2df258e093f5 3.98kB / 3.98kB                                                                                                                                                                                     0.0s
 => => sha256:9824c27679d3b27c5e1cb00a73adb6f4f8d556994111c12db3c5d61a0c843df8 3.80MB / 3.80MB                                                                                                                                                                                     1.4s
 => => sha256:6a46580b98941ec4960dce678993b8f83a0b4d2d146c9d4e59e3aa6e788c13e2 16.28MB / 16.28MB                                                                                                                                                                                   4.1s
 => => sha256:57f9d657519484ce2f35f23c98dec4ef4411ffbb8df53ae594b3563de635b94c 53.14MB / 53.14MB                                                                                                                                                                                  12.6s
 => => extracting sha256:9824c27679d3b27c5e1cb00a73adb6f4f8d556994111c12db3c5d61a0c843df8                                                                                                                                                                                          0.1s
 => => sha256:cf466e9ba1cfaf9351b9b793d92033975eb18f8b2ffadf9b5720caea1fcb9f48 127B / 127B                                                                                                                                                                                         2.6s
 => => sha256:fb760d495f93020b467e7edca17a273394c877a25c14ce0d90a9a039e90bcb08 2.28kB / 2.28kB                                                                                                                                                                                     3.6s
 => => extracting sha256:6a46580b98941ec4960dce678993b8f83a0b4d2d146c9d4e59e3aa6e788c13e2                                                                                                                                                                                          0.4s
 => => extracting sha256:57f9d657519484ce2f35f23c98dec4ef4411ffbb8df53ae594b3563de635b94c                                                                                                                                                                                          0.7s
 => => extracting sha256:cf466e9ba1cfaf9351b9b793d92033975eb18f8b2ffadf9b5720caea1fcb9f48                                                                                                                                                                                          0.0s
 => => extracting sha256:fb760d495f93020b467e7edca17a273394c877a25c14ce0d90a9a039e90bcb08                                                                                                                                                                                          0.0s
 => CACHED [builder 2/4] WORKDIR /app                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              0.0s
 => [builder 3/4] COPY . .                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0.9s
 => [builder 4/4] RUN mvn clean package -DskipTests                                                                                                                                                                                                                              138.9s
 => [stage-1 2/3] WORKDIR /app                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     0.1s
 => [stage-1 3/3] COPY --from=builder /app/target/*.jar app.jar                                                                                                                                                                                                                    0.0s
 => exporting to image                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             0.1s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 => => writing image sha256:a2aa390e0f30a3a35fb0821f003e1ce9ec15e11c53ed7a832a5006cd4511049c                                                                                                                                                                                       0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/mazhiqiang/springboot-demo:1.0                                                                                                                                                                                                                          0.0s

 1 warning found (use docker --debug to expand):
 - FromAsCasing: 'as' and 'FROM' keywords' casing do not match (line 20)

View build details: docker-desktop://dashboard/build/desktop-linux/desktop-linux/6dzxj7h5mtsxefsnptlkl5lwt
PS E:\develop\IdeaCode\MyCode\SpringK8S\k8sHello3>

      image

    6. 尝试本地启动

      PS E:\develop\IdeaCode\MyCode\SpringK8S\k8sHello3> docker run -p 9001:9000 a2aa390e0f30

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/

 :: Spring Boot ::                (v3.5.4)

2025-08-13T15:45:14.109Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.example.HelloworldApplication        : Starting HelloworldApplication v1.0-SNAPSHOT using Java 21.0.8 with PID 1 (/app/app.jar started by root in /app)
2025-08-13T15:45:14.111Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.example.HelloworldApplication        : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2025-08-13T15:45:14.985Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port 9000 (http)
2025-08-13T15:45:14.999Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2025-08-13T15:45:14.999Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine    : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.1.43]
2025-08-13T15:45:15.022Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2025-08-13T15:45:15.023Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 859 ms
2025-08-13T15:45:15.452Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port 9000 (http) with context path '/'
2025-08-13T15:45:15.462Z  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.example.HelloworldApplication        : Started HelloworldApplication in 1.712 seconds (process running for 2.03)
2025-08-13T15:46:16.120Z  INFO 1 --- [nio-9000-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2025-08-13T15:46:16.120Z  INFO 1 --- [nio-9000-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2025-08-13T15:46:16.120Z  INFO 1 --- [nio-9000-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 0 ms

      image

  3. 将镜像部署到K8S

    1. 从开发主机将镜像导出，并在K8S服务器上导入

      PS E:\develop\IdeaCode> docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mazhiqiang/springboot-demo   1.0       a2aa390e0f30   26 hours ago   230MB
<none>                       <none>    bad723415641   28 hours ago   1.09GB
springboot-demo              1.0       0536d6d59796   9 days ago     472MB
PS E:\develop\IdeaCode> docker save mazhiqiang/springboot-demo:1.0 -o myapp.tar

    2. 在服务器导入镜像

      root@mzq-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/mzq# docker images
REPOSITORY                                                                    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver            v1.22.1   f30469a2491a   3 years ago   128MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy                v1.22.1   36c4ebbc9d97   3 years ago   104MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager   v1.22.1   6e002eb89a88   3 years ago   122MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler            v1.22.1   aca5ededae9c   3 years ago   52.7MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/dashboard                 <none>    e1482a24335a   4 years ago   220MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd                      3.5.0-0   004811815584   4 years ago   295MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/metrics-scraper           <none>    7801cfc6d5c0   4 years ago   34.4MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns                   v1.8.4    8d147537fb7d   4 years ago   47.6MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/storage-provisioner       v5        6e38f40d628d   4 years ago   31.5MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause                     3.5       ed210e3e4a5b   4 years ago   683kB
root@mzq-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/mzq# docker load -i myapp.tar
418dccb7d85a: Loading layer [==================================================>]  8.596MB/8.596MB
c2d2b55d55c7: Loading layer [==================================================>]   34.3MB/34.3MB
1eb3de508cc3: Loading layer [==================================================>]  164.2MB/164.2MB
bb64f233ca86: Loading layer [==================================================>]  2.048kB/2.048kB
880a6d9a5a59: Loading layer [==================================================>]  7.168kB/7.168kB
4e89c95e0e62: Loading layer [==================================================>]  1.536kB/1.536kB
0a30d1234cb0: Loading layer [==================================================>]  24.41MB/24.41MB
Loaded image: mazhiqiang/springboot-demo:1.0
root@mzq-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/home/mzq# docker images
REPOSITORY                                                                    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mazhiqiang/springboot-demo                                                    1.0       a2aa390e0f30   26 hours ago   230MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver            v1.22.1   f30469a2491a   3 years ago    128MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler            v1.22.1   aca5ededae9c   3 years ago    52.7MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy                v1.22.1   36c4ebbc9d97   3 years ago    104MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager   v1.22.1   6e002eb89a88   3 years ago    122MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/dashboard                 <none>    e1482a24335a   4 years ago    220MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd                      3.5.0-0   004811815584   4 years ago    295MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/metrics-scraper           <none>    7801cfc6d5c0   4 years ago    34.4MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns                   v1.8.4    8d147537fb7d   4 years ago    47.6MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/storage-provisioner       v5        6e38f40d628d   4 years ago    31.5MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause                     3.5       ed210e3e4a5b   4 years ago    683kB

    3. 在dashboard创建depolyment

      apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: springboot-demo
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: springboot-demo
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: springboot-demo
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: springboot-demo
          image: mazhiqiang/springboot-demo:1.0
          ports:
            - containerPort: 9000

      image

      image

      image

    4. 在dashboard创建service

      apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: springboot-service
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: springboot-demo
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80         # Service 对外暴露的端口（集群内部访问用）
      targetPort: 9000 # 转发到 Pod 容器的端口
      nodePort: 30080  # 节点映射端口（集群外访问用）

      image

      image

    5. 访问应用

      image

    6. 其他

  4. 最终概览

    image

  5. 阿斯蒂芬

posted @ 2025-08-15 09:12  箛獨劍  阅读(9)  评论(0)    收藏  举报