mykison

2013-01-29 10:42

　　写复杂点的程序，就会觉得单个变量不好使用，用保存的数据太多了。还好VB.NET给我们提供了几种高级一点的用来存储数据的结构:数组，枚举与结构体。

　　1.数组，多个数据类型相同的数据的集合，顺序排放。

'5-1.vb
Class SimpleCnl
    Public Shared Sub Main()
    Dim i As Integer
        Dim allowedExtensions() As String = {".jpg", "bmp", "gif"}
        Dim fileExtension As String
        Dim isAllowed As Boolean = False
 
        fileExtension = System.Console.ReadLine()
        For i = 0 To allowedExtensions.Length-1
            If allowedExtensions(i) = fileExtension.ToLower Then
                isAllowed = True
                Exit For
            End If
        Next
        If isAllowed Then
            System.Console.WriteLine("允许上传")
        Else
            System.Console.WriteLine("文件类型不允许")
        End If
 
    End Sub
End Class

二维数组要复杂，但我们要搞明白的还是怎样定义，怎样初始化，怎样访问。有个问题要记住的Dim a(9),数组a的长度是10。

2.枚举

枚举规定了数据的取值范围,用更有意义的名称来代表一个值。

'5-2.vb
Class SimpleCnl
    Public Enum CRUD
        Create=100
        Retrive
        Update
        Delete
    End Enum
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Dim commandName As CRUD
        System.Console.WriteLine("选择要执行的操作CRUB:Create,Retrive,Update,Delete")
        commandName = System.Enum.Parse(GetType(CRUD), System.Console.ReadLine())
        Select Case commandName
            Case CRUD.Create
                System.Console.WriteLine("增加记录")
            Case CRUD.Retrive
                System.Console.WriteLine("检索记录")
            Case CRUD.Update
                System.Console.WriteLine("更新记录")
            Case CRUD.Delete
                System.Console.WriteLine("删除记录")
        End Select
    End Sub
End Class

3.结构体，多个眼睛肿了怎么办变量的组合体，用来共同描述某一事物整体

'5-3.vb 多项式相加
Class SimpleCnl
    Public Structure Term
        Dim coef As Integer '系数
        Dim exp As Integer  '指数
        Sub New(ByVal c As Integer, ByVal e As Integer)
            coef = c
            exp = e
        End Sub
    End Structure
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Dim polynomialA() As Term = {New Term(1, 0), New Term(1, 1), New Term(1, 2)}
        Dim polynomialB() As Term = {New Term(1, 1),New Term(1,4)}
        Dim polynomialC(polynomialA.Length + polynomialB.Length) As Term
        Dim i, j, k As Integer
 
        i = 0 : j = 0 : k = 0
 
 
        Do While i < polynomialA.Length And j < polynomialB.Length
            If polynomialA(i).exp < polynomialB(j).exp Then
                polynomialC(k).exp = polynomialA(i).exp
                polynomialC(k).coef = polynomialA(i).coef
                i += 1
            ElseIf polynomialA(i).exp > polynomialB(j).exp Then
                polynomialC(k).exp = polynomialB(j).exp
                polynomialC(k).coef = polynomialB(j).coef
                j += 1
            Else
                polynomialC(k).exp = polynomialA(i).exp
                polynomialC(k).coef = polynomialA(i).coef + polynomialB(j).coef
                i += 1
                j += 1
            End If
            k += 1
        Loop
        If i = polynomialA.Length Then
            Do While j < polynomialB.Length
                polynomialC(k).exp = polynomialB(j).exp
                polynomialC(k).coef = polynomialB(j).coef
                j += 1
                k += 1
            Loop
        Else
            Do While i < polynomialA.Length
                polynomialC(k).exp = polynomialA(i).exp
                polynomialC(k).coef = polynomialA(i).coef
                i += 1
                k += 1
            Loop
        End If
        ReDim Preserve polynomialC(k - 1)
　　　　'输出相加后得到的多项式
        k = 0
        Do
            System.Console.Write("{0}x^{1} + ", polynomialC(k).coef, polynomialC(k).exp)
            k += 1
        Loop Until k = polynomialC.Length - 1
        System.Console.Write("{0}x^{1} ", polynomialC(k).coef, polynomialC(k).exp) 
    End Sub
End Class

这三种结构，实际使用的都很多，要想用的好，就得多练。

mykison

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VB.NET入门 - 数组、枚举和结构体

VB.NET入门 - 数组、枚举和结构体