高中语法练习解析100篇-004-Shen Kuo and His Dream Diary 沈括和他的梦溪笔谈

原文

Shen Kuo (沈括) was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty.

He was ____31____ all-round scholar of astronomy, physics, chemistry, geology and medical science.

____32____ , Shen Kuo's reputation has been mostly in the field of scientific writing: he was the first ____33____ (build) graphic maps. 
Thanks ____34____ his mother, Shen Kuo received a formal education in his childhood.

He was diligent and he read so much that he suffered eye pain later in life.

While in his ____35____ (thirty), Shen Kuo frequently dreamed of a place.

In the dream, he climbed a hill, the top of ____36____ was covered with brightly colored flowers and trees.

Clear waters ____37____ (flow) at the base of the hill, with trees on either side.

Later on, when ____38____ (travel) around, he was shocked to find a piece of land that was ____39____ (exact)the one in his dream.

There he settled and wrote of the discoveries he had made in his lifetime. 
This extraordinary story is the origin of Shen's the Dream Rivulet Diary (《梦溪笔谈》).

The Dream Rivulet Diary was a milestone in the history of Chinese science. So far, this amazing scientific work ____40____ (put) into a number of different languages, including English, French, German and Japanese.

解析

1 scholar 学者 是可数名词单数，all-round以元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an

2 前面说他是一位全能学者，后面沈括的声誉主要在科学写作领域，全面的，只在科学写作领域  有转折意思，故填However

3 the first后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是不定式to build，故填to build

4 thanks to是固定短语，意为“多亏了”，因此空格处是to，故填to

5 空格处是in one’s thirties，意为“在某人三十几岁时”，用复数，因此空格处是thirties，故填thirties

6 “介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词hill是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。

句子结构： 先行词 hill ，the top of which = the top of the hill 这座山的山顶，整体做从句的主语

In the dream 状语

he 主语 climbed 谓语 a hill 宾语

the top of which was covered with brightly colored flowers and trees. 宾语从句

the top of which =  the top of the hill 这座山的山顶 主语

was covered 谓语 

with brightly colored flowers and trees 状语

在梦中，他爬上一座山，这座山的山顶上覆盖着色彩鲜艳的花朵和树木

7 通篇时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式flowed，故填flowed

8 when引导的时间状语从句，省略主语，when (he was) travelling = 当(他)旅行时 故填traveling/travelling

9 修饰动词"was"，表示程度，exact（形容词）→ exactly（副词）正是梦中的那个地方

10 so far表示"到目前为止"，用现在完成时，work与put之间是被动关系，这部令人惊叹的科学著作 为单数，故填has been put

逐句翻译

Shen Kuo (沈括) was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty.

沈括是北宋的科学家。

He was (an) all-round scholar of astronomy, physics, chemistry, geology and medical science.

他是一位天文学、物理学、化学、地质学和医学的全能学者。

(However) , Shen Kuo's reputation has been mostly in the field of scientific writing: he was the first (to build) graphic maps.

然而，沈括的声誉主要在科学写作领域：他是第一个绘制图形地图的人。

Thanks (to) his mother, Shen Kuo received a formal education in his childhood.

由于他的母亲，沈括在童年时期接受了正规教育。

He was diligent and he read so much that he suffered eye pain later in life.

他很勤奋，读书太多，以至于晚年患了眼痛。

While in his (thirties), Shen Kuo frequently dreamed of a place.

三十多岁的时候，沈括经常梦到一个地方。

In the dream, he climbed a hill, the top of (which) was covered with brightly colored flowers and trees.

在梦中，他爬上一座山，山顶上覆盖着色彩鲜艳的花朵和树木。

Clear waters (flowed) at the base of the hill, with trees on either side.

清澈的水流流淌在山脚下，两边都有树木。

Later on, when (travelling) around, he was shocked to find a piece of land that was (exactly)the one in his dream.

后来，当旅行时，他惊讶地发现一块土地正是他梦中的那个地方。

There he settled and wrote of the discoveries he had made in his lifetime.

在那里他定居下来，写下了他一生中所发现的东西。

This extraordinary story is the origin of Shen's the Dream Rivulet Diary (《梦溪笔谈》).

这个非凡的故事是沈括《梦溪笔谈》的起源。

The Dream Rivulet Diary was a milestone in the history of Chinese science.

《梦溪笔谈》是中国科学史上的里程碑。

So far, this amazing scientific work (has been put) into a number of different languages, including English, French, German and Japanese.

到目前为止，这部令人惊叹的科学著作已经被翻译成许多不同的语言，包括英语、法语、德语和日语。