torchvision 主要是由三大模块组成, model, transforms, datasets
transforms 主要可以进行数据增强
datasets 主要下载一些常用的数据集如mnist数据集
model 主要是将原来的模型进行下载
第一部分: 数据集的准备工作
第一步: 使用transforms进行数据的增强操作, 使用torch.utils.data.DataLoader()构造批量数据集
第二步: 将数据集重新转换为原来的样子, 即转换为numpy格式，变化颜色通道, 将均值和标准差弥补上,使用image.clip(0, 1) 将数据限制在0和1之间,最后进行图像的显示
第二部分: 数据集的训练工作
第一步: 使用 initiallize_model() 初始化网络
第二步: 对网络进行训练， 将效果最好的结果保存在路径下，返回最好的模型的参数结果
第三部分: 数据集的测试工作
第一步: 对于输入的当张图片进行测试, 这里需要对输入的图片做valid操作
第二步: 对一个batch的valid进行测试，最后对结果进行显示
import os import numpy as np import torch from torch import nn from torch import optim from torchvision import transforms, datasets, models import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import time import copy from PIL import Image # 第一部分数据的准备: # 数据读取与预处理操作 data_dir = './flower_data' train_dir = '/train' test_dir = '/test' # 第一步: 数据的制作 data_transform = { "train": transforms.Compose([ transforms.Resize(256), transforms.RandomRotation(45), transforms.CenterCrop(224), transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(p=0.5), transforms.RandomVerticalFlip(p=0.5), transforms.ColorJitter(brightness=0.2, contrast=0.1, saturation=0.1, hue=0.1), transforms.RandomGrayscale(p=0.025), transforms.ToTensor(), transforms.Normalize([0.485, 0.456, 0.406], [0.229, 0.224, 0.225]) ]), 'valid': transforms.Compose([ transforms.Resize(256), transforms.CenterCrop(224), transforms.ToTensor(), transforms.Normalize([0.485, 0.456, 0.406], [0.229, 0.224, 0.225]) ]) } def im_convert(tensor): image = tensor.to('cpu').clone().detach() # clone() 修改image不会修改tensor image = image.numpy().squeeze() # 去除尺寸为1的维度 image = image.transpose(1, 2, 0) image = image * np.array((0.229, 0.224, 0.225)) + np.array((0.485, 0.456, 0.406)) image = image.clip(0, 1) return image batch_size = 8 image_dataset = {x:datasets.ImageFolder(os.path.join(data_dir + train_dir), data_transform[x]) for x in ['train', 'valid']} dataloaders = {x:torch.utils.data.DataLoader(image_dataset[x], batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True) for x in ['train', 'valid']} # 第二步：获得一个batch的验证集，进行图像的显示 dataiter = iter(dataloaders['valid']) inputs, labels = dataiter.next() fig = plt.figure(figsize=(20, 12)) row = 2 columns = 4 for idx in range(row * columns): ax = fig.add_subplot(row, columns, idx+1, xticks=[], yticks=[]) plt.imshow(im_convert(inputs[idx])) plt.show() # 第二部分: 进行模型的训练操作 # 进行模型的下载 model_name = 'resnet' # 是否使用人家训练好的模型参数 feature_extract = True train_on_gpu = torch.cuda.is_available() if not train_on_gpu: print('CUDA is not availabel.Training on GPU...') else: print('CUDA is not availabel! Training on CPU') device = torch.device('cuda:0' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu') model_ft = models.resnet152() print(model_ft) def set_parameter_requires_grad(model, feature_extract): if feature_extract: for param in model.parameters(): # 将反应的层数进行冻结 param.requires_grad = False # 初始化模型 # 第一步: 进行模型的初始化操作 def initiallize_model(model_name, num_classes, feature_extract, use_pretrained=True): model_ft = None input_size = 0 if model_name == 'resnet': """ Resnet 152 """ model_ft = models.resnet152(pretrained=use_pretrained) set_parameter_requires_grad(model_ft, feature_extract) num_ftrs = model_ft.fc.in_features # 最后一层全连接的个数 model_ft.fc = nn.Sequential(nn.Linear(num_ftrs, num_classes), nn.LogSoftmax(dim=1)) input_size = 224 return model_ft, input_size model_ft, input_size = initiallize_model(model_name, 17, feature_extract, use_pretrained=True) # 进行GPU训练 model_ft = model_ft.to(device) # 模型保存 filename = 'checkpoint.pth' param_to_update = model_ft.parameters() print(param_to_update) # # 进行所有层的训练 # for param in model_ft.parameters(): # param.requires_grad = True if feature_extract: param_to_update = [] for name, param in model_ft.named_parameters(): if param.requires_grad == True: # 如果param.requires_grad是否进行训练 param_to_update.append(param) print('\t', name) else: for name, param in model_ft.named_parameters(): if param.requires_grad == True: print('\t', name) print(model_ft) # 优化器设置 optmizer_ft = optim.Adam(param_to_update, lr= 1e-2) # 输入为需要优化的参数 scheduler = optim.lr_scheduler.StepLR(optmizer_ft, step_size=7, gamma=0.1) # 对于学习率每7个epoch进行一次衰减 criterion = nn.NLLLoss() #输入的是一个对数概率和标签值 # 第二步: 进行模型的训练模块 def train_model(model, dataloaders, criterion, optimizer, num_epochs=25, is_inception=False, filename=filename): since = time.time() best_acc = 0 if os.path.exists(filename): checkpoint = torch.load(filename) best_acc = checkpoint('best_acc') model.load_state_dict(checkpoint['state_dict']) optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint['optimizer']) model.to(device) val_acc_history = [] train_acc_history = [] train_losses = [] valid_losses = [] LRs = [optimizer.param_groups[0]['lr']] best_model_wts = copy.deepcopy(model.state_dict()) for epoch in range(num_epochs): print("Epoch {} / {}".format(epoch, num_epochs - 1)) print('-' *10) # 训练和验证 for phase in ['train', 'valid']: if phase == 'train': model.train() else: model.eval() running_loss = 0.0 running_corrects = 0 for inputs, labels in dataloaders[phase]: inputs = inputs.to(device) labels = labels.to(device) print('runing') # 清零操作 optimizer.zero_grad() with torch.set_grad_enabled(phase == 'train'): if is_inception and phase == 'train': outputs, aux_outputs = model(inputs) loss1 = criterion(outputs, labels) loss2 = criterion(aux_outputs, labels) loss = loss1 + 0.4 * loss2 else: outputs = model(inputs) loss = criterion(outputs, labels) pred = torch.argmax(outputs, 1) if phase == 'train': loss.backward() optimizer.step() # 计算损失值 running_loss += loss.item() * inputs.size(0) running_corrects += torch.sum(pred == labels.data) epoch_loss = running_loss / len(dataloaders[phase].dataset) epoch_acc = running_corrects / len(dataloaders[phase].dataset) time_elapased = time.time() - since print('Time elapsed {:.0f}m {:.0f}s'.format(time_elapased // 60, time_elapased % 60)) print("{} loss:{:.4f} Acc:{.4f}".format(phase, epoch_loss, epoch_acc)) # 将效果最好的一次模型进行保存 if phase == 'valid' and epoch_acc > best_acc: best_acc = epoch_acc best_model_wts = copy.deepcopy(model.state_dict()) state = { 'static_dict':model.state_dict(), 'best_acc':best_acc, 'optimizer':optimizer.state_dict(), } torch.save(state, filename) if phase == 'valid': val_acc_history.append(epoch_acc) valid_losses.append(epoch_loss) scheduler.step() if phase == 'train': train_acc_history.append(epoch_acc) train_losses.append(epoch_loss) time_elapased = time.time() - since print('Training complete in {:0.f}m {:0.f}s'.format(time_elapased // 60, time_elapased % 60)) print('Best val Acc{:4f}'.format(best_acc)) # 训练结束以后使用最好的一次模型当做模型保存的结果 model.load_state_dict(best_model_wts) return model, val_acc_history, train_acc_history, valid_losses, train_losses, LRs # 第三部分：进行模型的测试 def predict(model_name, num_classes, feature_extract, image_path): # 获得初始化的模型 model_ft, inputs_size = initiallize_model(model_name, num_classes, feature_extract) model_ft.to(device) # 加载训练好的网络结构 filename = 'checkpoint.pth' checkpoint = torch.load(filename) best_acc = checkpoint['best_acc'] model_ft.load_state_dict(checkpoint['state_dict']) # 将输入的图片进行处理，使得可以用于进行网络的训练 def process_image(image_path): # 读取测试图片 img = Image.open(image_path) if img.size[0] > img.size[1]: img.thumbnail((10000, 256)) else: img.thumbnail((256, 10000)) # Crop操作 left_margin = (img.width - 224) / 2 right_margin = left_margin + 224 bottom_margin = (img.height - 224) / 2 top_margin = bottom_margin + 224 img = img.crop((left_margin, bottom_margin, right_margin, top_margin)) img = np.array(img) / 255 mean = np.array([0.485, 0.456, 0.406]) std = np.array([0.229, 0.224, 0.225]) img = (img - mean) / std img = img.transpose([2, 0, 1]) return img img = process_image(image_path) outputs = model_ft(torch.tensor([img])) # 进行一张图片的测试 # 第二步: 获得一个batch的测试数据进行测试 dataiter = iter(dataloaders['valid']) images, labels = dataiter.next() model_ft.eval() if train_on_gpu: outputs = model_ft(images.cuda()) else: outputs = model_ft(images) _, preds_tensor = torch.max(outputs, 1) preds = np.squeeze(preds_tensor.numpy()) if not train_on_gpu else np.squeeze(preds_tensor.cpu().numpy()) fig = plt.figure(figsize=(20, 20)) columns = 4 rows = 2 for idx in range(columns * rows): ax = fig.add_subplot(row, columns, idx + 1, xticks=[], yticks=[]) plt.imshow(im_convert(images[idx])) ax.set_title("{}?{}".format(preds[idx], labels.data[idx]), color='green' if preds[idx] == labels.data[idx] else 'red') plt.show() if __name__=='__main__': # train_model(model_ft, dataloaders, criterion, optmizer_ft) image_path = r'C:\Users\qq302\Desktop\pytorch学习\第四章卷积神经网络实战\flower_data\train\4\image_0242.jpg' predict(model_name, 17, feature_extract, image_path)
