企业微信添加机器人，并给机器人发送消息
找一个企业微信的群聊，点击右上角的"..."，添加群机器人。
创建一个机器人
填写机器人名字，添加机器人。
保存这里的webhook地址，后面给机器人发消息，就是给这个地址post消息。
具体的配置文档，可以点这里的“配置说明”去了解。
下面介绍，使用py给机器人发送消息
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import requests import json headers={"Content-Type":"application/json","appType":"3","version":"5.1.0"} #机器人地址（在申请成功机器人之后会有这个地址） url="https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/webhook/send?key=50fdexxxxxxxf1b17337" #要发送的消息 post_data={"msgtype":"text", "text":{"content": "hello python world.20230508"}} post_data1={ "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "hello world. i am lianghua robot.111", "mentioned_list":["xxx@xxx.com","@all"] } } post_data2={ "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "您有告警信息，请注意查收", "mentioned_mobile_list": ["xxxx", "xxxx"] } } post_data3={ "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "hello world. i am lianghua robot. 333", "mentioned_list":["lianghe@upchina.com","@all"], "mentioned_mobile_list":["xxxxx","xxxxxxx"] } } post_markdown={ "msgtype": "markdown", "markdown": { "content": """实时新增用户反馈 <font color="#800080">132例</font>，请相关同事注意。<@all>\n >类型:<font color="blue">用户反馈</font> >普通用户反馈:<font color="red">117例</font> >VIP用户反馈:<font color="green">15例</font>""" } } #json,data，2种方式都可以 #p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,data= json.dumps(post_data)) #p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_data) # p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_data1) # p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_data2) p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_markdown) p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_data2)
给企业微信机器人发消息，最关键的一行代码：
requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_markdown)
下面几个例子，都只是封装了一些方法，添加了一些异常处理。
出于隐私的考虑，这里机器人的webhook地址，手机号 是加了马赛克(xxx)的。
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import requests import json headers={"Content-Type":"application/json","appType":"3","version":"5.1.0"} #机器人地址（在申请成功机器人之后会有这个地址） url="https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/webhook/send?key=xxxxxxx" #要发送的消息 post_data={"msgtype":"text", "text":{"content": "hello python world.20230508"}} post_data1={ "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "hello world. i am lianghua robot.111", "mentioned_list":["xxx@xxx.com","@all"] } } post_data2={ "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "您有告警信息，请注意查收", "mentioned_mobile_list": ["153xxxxxxxx", "135xxxxxxxx"] } } post_data3={ "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "hello world. i am lianghua robot. 333", "mentioned_list":["lianghe@upchina.com","@all"], "mentioned_mobile_list":["153xxxxxxx","135xxxxx"] } } post_markdown={ "msgtype": "markdown", "markdown": { "content": """实时新增用户反馈 <font color="#800080">132例</font>，请相关同事注意。<@all>\n >类型:<font color="blue">用户反馈</font> >普通用户反馈:<font color="red">117例</font> >VIP用户反馈:<font color="green">15例</font>""" } } #json,data，2种方式都可以 #p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,data= json.dumps(post_data)) #p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_data) # p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_data1) # p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_data2) #p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_markdown) #p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_data2) from algoproto.modules.robot_alarm import RobotAlarm # 接收告警的用户手机号 user_mobile_list = ["135xxxxxxx"] """ 添加机器人告警。如果计算的条数为0，就发出告警信息""" robot_headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json", "appType": "3", "version": "5.1.0"} # 机器人地址（在申请成功机器人之后会有这个地址） robot_url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/webhook/send?key=xxxxxxxx" i_error_count = 0 robot_helper = RobotAlarm(robot_headers, robot_url, user_mobile_list) errorlist: list = [] # 添加监控逻辑，返回监控错误 alarm_title = """懂牛选股计算(<font color="#FF0000">test.py</font>)告警""" errorlist.append(f"> aa<font color='red'>save_data failed, {6666}</font>") errorlist.append(f"> bb<font color='red'>get_index_data failed, {7777}</font>") sql = """SELECT IND_UNI_CODE as "symbol",TRADE_DATE as "dt",PRE_CLOSE_PRICE,CLOSE_PRICE,OPEN_PRICE,HIGH_PRICE,LOW_PRICE,TRADE_VOL,TRADE_AMUT from {}.IND_BASIC_MQ where ISVALID =1 and TRADE_DATE={} """.format('abcde', 20230612) errorlist.append(f"> cc<font color='#FF0000'>process_index dtint:{20230614}</font>,sql查询结果为0. \nsql:{sql}") err_ret = robot_helper.robot_alarm_markdown(20230614, alarm_title, errorlist) i_error_count += err_ret content = """aabbccde def \n aaaaa \n """ err_ret = robot_helper.robot_alarm_text(user_mobile_list, content) i_error_count += err_ret if i_error_count > 0: robot_helper.msg_at_someone(user_mobile_list)
这是写的一个 机器人类，把若干方法封装了一下。
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # author:henry # desc:企业微信机器人告警 # Date:20230614 import os import sys import copy import math import pandas as pd import time import requests import json from algoproto.common import logger class RobotAlarm(object): def __init__(self, robot_headers:str,robot_url:str,user_mobile_list:[]): self.__robot_headers = robot_headers self.__robot_url = robot_url self.__user_mobile_list = user_mobile_list def set_robot_info(self,robot_headers:str,robot_url:str,user_mobile_list:[]): self.__robot_headers = robot_headers self.__robot_url = robot_url self.__user_mobile_list = user_mobile_list # markdown类型的告警信息,成功发送消息返回1. def robot_alarm_markdown(self,trade_day:int,alarm_title:str,errlist:list): """ 类似这样的告警信息 懂牛选股计算(DN_XGB_FACTOR_2.py)告警，请相关同事注意。 条数：3条 日期：20230515 指标ID:1118,CRXG5,创5日新高计算结果为0 指标ID:1118,CRXG20,创20日新高计算结果为0 指标ID:1118,CRXG60,创60日新高计算结果为0 """ start_tm1 = time.perf_counter() count_err= len(errlist) if 0 == count_err: return 0 alarm_count=f'条数：<font color=\'warning\'>{count_err}条</font>' alarm_trade_day=f"交易日期：{trade_day}" alarm_sub_content="" for value in errlist: alarm_sub_content += value alarm_sub_content += "\n" alarm_content = f"{alarm_title}，请相关同事注意。\n{alarm_count}\n{alarm_trade_day}\n{alarm_sub_content}\n<@所有人>" post_markdown={ "msgtype": "markdown", "markdown": {"content": alarm_content} } p_post = requests.post(self.__robot_url,headers=self.__robot_headers,json=post_markdown) logger.info(f" post error msg1:{json.loads(p_post.text)}") logger.info(f"robot_alarm_markdown post_markdown:{post_markdown}") # '{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}' ret_dict = json.loads(p_post.text) if 0==ret_dict["errcode"]: logger.info(f"企业微信告警消息，发送正常。") else: logger.info(f"企业微信告警消息，发送异常。") alarm_sub_content2 = alarm_sub_content[0:2000] alarm_sub_content2 +="\n.......\n" alarm_sub_content2 +="<font color='red'>错误消息内容超过4096，部分告警消息发送不出来，请排查问题。</font>" alarm_content2 = f"{alarm_title}，请相关同事注意。\n{alarm_count}\n{alarm_trade_day}\n{alarm_sub_content2}\n<@all>" post_markdown2 = {"msgtype": "markdown","markdown": {"content": alarm_content2}} p_post2 = requests.post(self.__robot_url,headers=self.__robot_headers,json=post_markdown2) logger.info(f" post error msg2:{json.loads(p_post2.text)}") start_tm2 = time.perf_counter() logger.info(f"post error msg cost:{round(start_tm2 - start_tm1, 4)}") return 1 # text类型的告警信息... def robot_alarm_text(self,user_mobile_list:[],content:str): start_tm1 = time.perf_counter() if len(user_mobile_list)==0: user_mobile_list.append("@all") post_text = { "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": content, "mentioned_mobile_list":user_mobile_list } } p_post = requests.post(self.__robot_url,headers=self.__robot_headers, json=post_text) ret_dict = json.loads(p_post.text) logger.info(f"post error msg1:{json.loads(p_post.text)}") logger.info(f"robot_alarm_text post_text:{post_text}") # '{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}' if 0 == ret_dict["errcode"]: logger.info(f"企业微信告警消息，发送正常。") else: logger.info(f"企业微信告警消息，发送异常。") alarm_content2 = content[0:1500] alarm_content2 += "\n.......\n" alarm_content2 += "错误消息内容超过2048，部分告警消息已截断，请排查问题" post_text2 = { "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": alarm_content2, "mentioned_mobile_list": user_mobile_list } } p_post2 = requests.post(self.__robot_url, headers=self.__robot_headers, json=post_text2) logger.info(f" post error msg1:{json.loads(p_post2.text)}") start_tm2 = time.perf_counter() logger.info(f"post error msg cost:{round(start_tm2 - start_tm1, 4)}") return 1 # 这个方法主要是用来 @指定成员 的，markdown暂时还没研究出来如何 @指定成员 def msg_at_someone(self,user_mobile_list:[]): if len(user_mobile_list)==0: user_mobile_list.append("@all") post_text = { "msgtype": "text", "text": { "content": "您有告警信息，请注意查收", "mentioned_mobile_list":user_mobile_list } } p_post = requests.post(self.__robot_url,headers=self.__robot_headers, json=post_text) ret_dict = json.loads(p_post.text) logger.info(f" message ret:{ret_dict}") return 0
给机器人发消息，就是一个Post请求。把要发送的内容放在json参数字段，Url是机器人地址。
requests.post(self.__robot_url,headers=self.__robot_headers,json=post_markdown)
再来一个robot的使用示例：
import requests import json def robot_alarm(trade_day:int,alarm_title:str,errlist:list): """ 添加机器人告警。如果计算的条数为0，就发出告警信息""" headers={"Content-Type":"application/json","appType":"3","version":"5.1.0"} #机器人地址（在申请成功机器人之后会有这个地址） url="https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/webhook/send?key=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx" errlist.append(f">指标521-XG_KPDRise3Days,<font color='red'>庄家控盘_控盘3日递增，计算结果为0</font>") errlist.append(f">指标521-XG_YellowDKP,<font color='red'>庄家控盘_黄柱低控盘，计算结果为0</font>") errlist.append(f">指标521-XG_RedZKP,<font color='red'>庄家控盘_红柱中控盘，计算结果为0</font>") str_count= len(errlist) alarm_count=f'条数：<font color=\'warning\'>{str_count}条</font>' alarm_trade_day=f"日期：{trade_day}" alarm_sub_content="" for value in errlist: alarm_sub_content += value alarm_sub_content += "\n" alarm_content = f"{alarm_title}，请相关同事注意。\n{alarm_count}\n{alarm_trade_day}\n{alarm_sub_content}\n<@所有人>" post_markdown={ "msgtype": "markdown", "markdown": { "content": alarm_content } } print("content is:",len(post_markdown["markdown"]["content"])) p_post = requests.post(url,headers=headers,json=post_markdown) print(p_post.text) return result_map={} """ result_map["521-XG_KPDRise3Days"]="庄家控盘_控盘3日递增，计算结果为0" result_map["521-XG_YellowDKP"]="庄家控盘_黄柱低控盘，计算结果为0" result_map["521-XG_RedZKP"]="庄家控盘_红柱中控盘，计算结果为0" """ errlist22=[] alarm_title = "懂牛选股计算(DN_XGB_FACTOR_2.py)告警" robot_alarm(20230516,alarm_title,errlist22) print("errlist22:",errlist22)
从示例中可以看到，最核心的就是一个 Post 函数调用。
