spring mvc入门

Spring相关的jar文件下载：http://repo.spring.io/libs-release/org/springframework/spring/
commons-logging-1.2.jar http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-logging/download_logging.cgi

需要导入的jar包列表 (spring jar包版本和servletName-servlet.xml中的xsi:schemaLocation属性最好一致，否则可能报错)

commons-logging-1.2.jar
spring-aop-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar

建立一个HiSpring动态Web项目
将以上jar包加入到HiSpring\WebContent\WEB-INF\lib目录
java build path=》Libraries=》Add JARs

如果jar包没放在WebContent\WEB-INF\lib目录目录下，则在运行时可能会报错：无法找到org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
控制台报以下错误：java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
    <display-name>springwebtest</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

package com.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

public class HelloController extends AbstractController {

    @Override
    protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        String value = request.getParameter("hello");
        System.out.println("------value:" + value);
        
        //返回数据和页面
        ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView("index");
        view.addObject("helloworld", "hello" + value);
        return view;
    }
}

在WebContent\WEB-INF目录下对每个servlet创建一个[servlet-name]-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">

    <!-- 配置handler mapping, 根据bean name找到对应的controller 可以省略 -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping"></bean>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="view/"></property>
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置controller -->
    <bean name="/hello.do" class="com.controller.HelloController"></bean>
</beans>

WebContent\hello.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="hello.do" method="post">
        hello:<input type="text" name="hello"></input><input type="submit"
            value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

WebContent\view\index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>${helloworld}</p>
</body>
</html>

访问地址
http://127.0.0.1:8080/HiSpring/hello.jsp

==================================================================

HandlerMapping的本质就是找到Controller

可以有多种不同的映射方式：
ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping 根据beanname来配置
SimpleUrlHandlerMapping 把一个URL映射到Controller
ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping 根据控制类的类名访问controller

SimpleUrlHandlerMapping

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">

    <bean id="helloController" class="com.controller.HelloController" />

    <bean id="handlerMapping"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
        <!--方法一 -->
        <!--property name="urlMap">
            <map>
                <entry key="/hello.do" value-ref="helloController" />
            </map>
        </property-->

        <!--方法二 -->
        <property name="mappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="/hello.do">helloController</prop>
            </props>

        </property>
        
        <!-- 方法三  此时urlMap.properties文件应放在WebRoot目录下 -->
        <!--property name="mappings">
            <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
                <property name="location">
                    <value>urlMap.properties</value>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </property-->
    </bean>

    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="view/"></property>
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"/>

    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="view/"></property>
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean class="com.controller.HelloController"/>
</beans>

posted @ 2018-01-23 15:00 牧天阅读(422) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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