快读及关闭输入输出流

inline void read(int &x)
{
	char ch=getchar();int f=1;x=0;
	while(!isdigit(ch) && ch^'-') ch=getchar();
	if(ch=='-') f=-1,ch=getchar();
	while(isdigit(ch)) x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar();
	x*=f;
}

inline int read()
{
	int x=0,f=1;
	char ch=getchar();
	while(ch<'0'||ch>'9')
	{
		if(ch=='-')f=-1;
		ch=getchar();
	}
	while(ch>='0'&&ch<='9')
	{
		x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(ch-'0');
		ch=getchar();
	}
	return x*f;
}

ios::sync_with_stdio(0);
cin.tie(0);
cout.tie(0);

• 超级快读

struct IO
{
	static const int Size=(1<<21);
	char buf[Size],*p1,*p2;
	int st[105],Top;
	~IO(){clear();}
	inline void clear(){fwrite(buf,1,Top,stdout);Top=0;}
	inline char gc(){return p1==p2&&(p2=(p1=buf)+fread(buf,1,Size,stdin),p1==p2)?EOF:*p1++;}
	inline void pc(const char c){Top==Size&&(clear(),0);buf[Top++]=c;}
	inline IO& operator >>(char& c){while(c=gc(),c==' ' || c=='\n' || c=='\r');return *this;}
	template<typename T>inline IO& operator >>(T& x)
    {
		x=0;bool f=0;char c=gc();
		while(!isdigit(c)){if(c=='-') f=1;c=gc();}
		while(isdigit(c)){x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(c^48);c=gc();}
		f?x=-x:0;
		return *this;
	}
	inline IO& operator >>(string& s)
    {
		s="";char c=gc();
		while(c==' ' || c=='\n' || c=='\r') c=gc();
		while(c!=' ' && c!='\n' && c!='\r' && c!=EOF) s+=c,c=gc();
		return *this;
	}
	inline IO& operator <<(const char c){pc(c);return *this;}
	template<typename T> inline IO& operator <<(T x)
    {
		if(x<0) pc('-'),x=-x;
		do st[++st[0]]=x%10,x/=10;while(x);
		while(st[0]) pc(st[st[0]--]+'0');
		return *this;
	}
	inline IO& operator <<(const string s){for(auto c:s) pc(c);return *this;}
	inline IO& operator <<(const char* c){for(int i=0;c[i];i++) pc(c[i]);return *this;}
} fin,fout;