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译注：本章基本未做翻译 10.6 TLB Testing TLB测试 The 80386 provides a mechanism for testing the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB), the cache used for translating l 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 15:21
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10.5 Initialization Example初始化的例子 译注：本来想把这个例子全部注释完，但由于对intel汇编实不熟悉，有太多的伪指令，本人也是免强看懂，所以就不再做翻译了。 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 15:16
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10.3 Switching to Protected Mode 切换到保护模式 Setting the PE bit of the MSW in CR0 causes the 80386 to begin executing in protected mode. The current privi 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 15:12
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10.2 Software Initialization for Real-Address Mode 实地址模式的软件初始化 In real-address mode a few structures must be initialized before a program can take adv 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 15:11
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Chapter 10 Initialization 第10章 初始化 After a signal on the RESET pin, certain registers of the 80386 are set to predefined values. These values are adeq 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 15:07
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9.9 Exception Summary 异常汇总 Table 9-6 summarizes the exceptions recognized by the 386. Table 9-6. Exception Summary Description Interrupt Return Addres 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 15:05
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译注:一些异常没有翻译，因为看书时主要为了理解linux代码，所以代码中没有主要使用的就没有仔细看。这部分内容后期再看时再进行翻译。 9.8 Exception Conditions 异常条件 The following sections describe each of the possible 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 15:04
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9.7 Error Code 错误代码 With exceptions that relate to a specific segment, the processor pushes an error code onto the stack of the exception handler (whe 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 15:00
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9.6 Interrupt Tasks and Interrupt Procedures 中断任务和中断处理程序 Just as a CALL instruction can call either a procedure or a task, so an interrupt or exceptio 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 14:58
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9.4 Interrupt Descriptor Table 中断描述符表 The interrupt descriptor table (IDT) associates each interrupt or exception identifier with a descriptor for the 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 14:55
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Chapter 9 Exceptions and Interrupts 第9章 异常和中断 Interrupts and exceptions are special kinds of control transfer; they work somewhat like unprogrammed CA 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 14:43
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8.2 I/O Instructions I/O指令 The I/O instructions of the 80386 provide access to the processor's I/O ports for the transfer of data to and from peripher 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:17
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Chapter 8 Input/Output 输入/输出 This chapter presents the I/O features of the 80386 from the following perspectives: 本章从以下方面来介绍80386的I/O特性: Methods of ad 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:15
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7.7 Task Address Space 任务地址空间 The LDT selector and PDBR fields of the TSS give software systems designers flexibility in utilization of segment and pa 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:13
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7.6 Task Linking 任务链 The back-link field of the TSS and the NT (nested task) bit of the flag word together allow the 80386 to automatically return to 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:12
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7.5 Task Switching 任务切换 The 80386 switches execution to another task in any of four cases: 80386在以下四种情况下会切换另一个任务去执行： 当前任务执行了一个引用了TSS描述符的JMP或CALL。 当前任务 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:11
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7.1 Task State Segment 任务状态段 All the information the processor needs in order to manage a task is stored in a special type of segment, a task state se 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:09
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Chapter 7 Multitasking 多任务 To provide efficient, protected multitasking, the 80386 employs several special data structures. It does not, however, use 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:05
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6.5 Combining Page and Segment Protection 组合页与段保护 When paging is enabled, the 80386 first evaluates segment protection, then evaluates page protection 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:05
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6.4 Page-Level Protection 页级保护 Two kinds of protection are related to pages: 与页相关的保护有两类： 6.4.1 Page-Table Entries Hold Protection Parameters页表项保存保护参数 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:04
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6.3.5 Some Instructions are Reserved for Operating System 为操作系统保留的一些指令 Instructions that have the power to affect the protection mechanism or to influ 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:02
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6.3.4 Gate Descriptors Guard Procedure Entry Points 门描述符守卫程序入口 To provide protection for control transfers among executable segments at different priv 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 11:00
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6.3.2 Restricting Access to Data 数据访问的约束 To address operands in memory, an 80386 program must load the selector of a data segment into a data-segment 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:56
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6.3 Segment-Level Protection 段级保护 All five aspects of protection apply to segment translation: 段转换时会提供以下5个方面的保护： The segment is the unit of protection 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:54
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Chapter 6 Protection 第六章 保护 6.1 Why Protection? 为什么要保护？ The purpose of the protection features of the 80386 is to help detect and identify bugs. The 8 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:49
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5.3 Combining Segment and Page Translation 联合使用段与分页转换 Figure 5-12 combines Figure 5-2 and Figure 5-9 to summarize both phases of the transformation fr 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:47
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5.2 Page Translation 页转换 In the second phase of address transformation, the 80386 transforms a linear address into a physical address. This phase of a 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:44
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5.1 Segment Translation 段转换 Figure 5-2 shows in more detail how the processor converts a logical address into a linear address. 图5-2展示了处理器将一个逻辑地址转换为线性 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:34
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Chapter 5 Memory Management 内存管理 The 80386 transforms logical addresses (i.e., addresses as viewed by programmers) into physical address (i.e., actual 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:33
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4.2 Systems Instructions 系统指令 Systems instructions deal with such functions as: 系统指令具有以下功能： 验证指印参数（参见第6章） ARPL> -- Adjust RPL RPL= request provilege l 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:31
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4.1 Systems Registers 系统寄存器 The registers designed for use by systems programmers fall into these classes: 为系统程序设计的寄存器分为如下几类： EFLAGS 标志寄存器FLAGS Memory 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:30
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1.1.2 Part II -- Systems Programming 系统编程 This part presents those aspects of the architecture that are customarily used by programmers who write oper 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:27
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注：觉得本章内容与理解操作系统不直接相关，所以本章并未看完，也就没有翻译完，放在这里中是为了保证手册的完整。有兴趣的人可以去原址查看。 https://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2016/readings/i386/c03.htm Chapter 3 Applications 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:25
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从上一次学习MIT的操作系统课程又过去了一年。上次学习并没有坚持下去。想来虽有种种原因，其还在自身无法坚持罢了。故此次再鼓起勇气重新学习，发现课程都已由2014改版为2016了。但大部分内容并没有改变。在这一年多的时间里，也曾学习过其他课程，比如孟宁的Linux内核分析，也看过其他人写的文章。但还是 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 10:22
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2.6 Interrupts and Exceptions 中断和异常 The 80386 has two mechanisms for interrupting program execution: 80386对中断处理执行有两个机制： Exceptions are synchronous eve 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 09:54
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2.5 Operand Selection 操作数选择 An instruction can act on zero or more operands, which are the data manipulated by the instruction. An example of a zero-o 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 09:53
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2.4 Instruction Format 指令格式 The information encoded in an 80386 instruction includes a specification of the operation to be performed, the type of the 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 09:51
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2.3 Registers 寄存器 The 80386 contains a total of sixteen registers that are of interest to the applications programmer. As Figure 2-5 shows, these regi 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 09:49
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2.2 Data Types 数据类型 Bytes, words, and doublewords are the fundamental data types (refer to Figure 2-2 ). A byte is eight contiguous bits starting at a 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 09:37
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2.1 Memory Organization and Segmentation 内存组织和分段 The physical memory of an 80386 system is organized as a sequence of 8-bit bytes. Each byte is assign 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 09:34
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Chapter 2 -- Basic Programming Model: 基本的程序模式 Introduces the models of memory organization. Defines the data types. Presents the register set used by 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 09:32
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Intel 80386 Reference Programmer's Manual 80386程序员参考手册 Chapter 1 -- Introduction to the 80386 第1章 - 80386的介绍 The 80386 is an advanced 32-bit microproc 阅读全文
posted @ 2017-04-11 09:30
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