12-日志、元数据、进程的查看

1 日志的查看

  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker logs --help

  Usage:  docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

  Fetch the logs of a container

  Options:
        --details        Show extra details provided to logs
    -f, --follow         Follow log output
        --since string   Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
    -n, --tail string    Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
    -t, --timestamps     Show timestamps
        --until string   Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)

  常用：
  docker logs -tf 容器id
  docker logs --tail number 容器id #num为要显示的日志条数


  #docker容器后台运行，必须要有一个前台的进程，否则会自动停止
  #编写shell脚本循环执行，使得centos容器保持运行状态
  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo hi;sleep 5;done"
  c703b5b1911ff84d584390263a35707b6024816e1f46542b61918a6327a570dc
  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker ps
  CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
  c703b5b1911f   centos    "/bin/sh -c 'while t…"   13 seconds ago   Up 10 seconds             pedantic_banach
  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker logs -tf --tail 10 c703b5b1911f
  2020-12-27T03:34:07.255599560Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:12.257641517Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:17.259706294Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:22.261693707Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:27.262609289Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:32.267862677Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:37.270382873Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:42.272414182Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:47.274823243Z hi
  2020-12-27T03:34:52.277419274Z hi

2 查看容器中进程信息

  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker top c703b5b1911f
  UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
  root                11156               11135               0                   11:31               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/sh -c while true;do echo hi;sleep 5;done
  root                11886               11156               0                   11:43               ?   

3 查看容器的元数据

[root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker inspect 容器id

4 进入当前正在运行的容器

因为通常我们的容器都是使用后台方式来运行的，有时需要进入容器修改配置

方式一：

  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker exec -it c703b5b1911f /bin/bash
  [root@c703b5b1911f /]# ls
  bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
  [root@c703b5b1911f /]# ps -ef      
  UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
  root         1     0  0 03:31 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh -c while true;do echo hi;sleep 5;done
  root       279     0  0 03:54 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/bash
  root       315     1  0 03:56 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 5
  root       316   279  0 03:56 pts/0    00:00:00 ps -ef

方式二：

[root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker attach c703b5b1911f

docker exec 进入容器后开启一个新的终端，可以在里面操作
docker attach 进入容器正在执行的终端，不会启动新的进程

5 拷贝操作

  拷贝操作的命令如下：

  #拷贝容器的文件到主机中
  docker cp 容器id:容器内路径  目的主机路径

  #拷贝宿主机的文件到容器中
  docker cp 目的主机路径 容器id:容器内路径

  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker exec -it c703b5b1911f /bin/bash
  [root@c703b5b1911f /]# cd home
  [root@c703b5b1911f home]# ls
  #touch 新建文件
  [root@c703b5b1911f home]# touch test.java
  [root@c703b5b1911f home]# ls
  test.java
  [root@c703b5b1911f home]# exit
  exit
  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker ps
  CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
  c703b5b1911f   centos    "/bin/sh -c 'while t…"   35 minutes ago   Up 35 minutes             pedantic_banach
  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker cp c703b5b1911f:/home/test.java /home
  [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# ls /home
  hai  pan  test.java

命令小结的图解如下：