转载：linux各文件系统的用途

/bin	Essential user command binaries (for use by all users)
/boot	Static files of the boot loader, only used at system startup
/dev	Device files, links to your hardware devices like /dev/sound, /dev/input/js0 (joystick)
/etc	Host-specific system configuration
/home	User home directories. This is where you save your personal files
/lib	Essential shared libraries and kernel modules
/mnt	Mount point for a temporarily mounted filesystem like /mnt/cdrom
/opt	Add-on application software packages
/usr	/usr is the second major section of the filesystem. /usr is shareable, read-only data. That means that /usr should be shareable between various FHS-compliant hosts and must not be written to. Any information that is host-specific or varies with time is stored elsewhere.
/var	/var contains variable data files. This includes spool directories and files, administrative and logging data, and transient and temporary files.
/proc	System information stored in memory mirrored as files.