CentOS 7固定IP地址

CentOS 7默认是动态的IP地址，重新开机后，局域网内其它电脑可能就无法连接上。为了方便使用，可以将局域网内CentOS的IP地址固定

使用 ifconfig 命令查看网卡的IP信息

如果出现以下提示，则需要先安装 net-tools

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
-bash: /usr/sbin/ifconfig: No such file or directory

执行yum install net-tools.x86_64 -y

[root@localhost ~]# yum install net-tools.x86_64 -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cn99.com
 * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
 * updates: mirrors.cn99.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                 Arch                                                 Version                                                                   Repository                                          Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 net-tools                                               x86_64                                               2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                                                  base                                               306 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 306 k
Installed size: 917 k
Downloading packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                             | 306 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                     1/1 
  Verifying  : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                     1/1 

Installed:
  net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                                                                                                                                                                                                    

Complete!

再次执行使用 ifconfig 

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.24.60.126 netmask 255.255.240.0 broadcast 172.24.63.255
inet6 fe80::28d4:8a44:27e3:145e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:15:5d:02:f7:00 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 70332 bytes 90125570 (85.9 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 25809 bytes 2427083 (2.3 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 68 bytes 5916 (5.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 68 bytes 5916 (5.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:c0:e1:09 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

确认需要固定IP的网卡名称为eth0。

输入命令 netstat -rn 查看Gateway

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
0.0.0.0         172.24.48.1     0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 eth0
172.24.48.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.240.0   U         0 0          0 eth0
192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 virbr0

 

确定Gateway为 172.24.48.1。

执行vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-[网卡名] ，编辑网卡配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

TYPE="Ethernet"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NAME="eth0"
UUID="bb6ba495-1126-44e5-9ea3-09d07edd2d1c"
DEVICE="eth0"
ONBOOT="yes"

按 i 键开始编辑。

修改为以下配置

TYPE="Ethernet"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="static"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NAME="eth0"
UUID="bb6ba495-1126-44e5-9ea3-09d07edd2d1c"
DEVICE="eth0"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR="172.24.60.126"
NETMASK="255.255.240.0"
GATEWAY="172.24.48.1"
DNS1="223.5.5.5"
DNS2="114.114.114.114"

按下 Esc 键结束编辑，输入 :wq ，回车键保存并退出

输入systemctl restart network.service 命令，重启网络

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network.service

 ping命令测试一下网络可用

[root@localhost ~]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (180.101.49.11) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 180.101.49.11 (180.101.49.11): icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=5.86 ms
64 bytes from 180.101.49.11 (180.101.49.11): icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=7.86 ms
64 bytes from 180.101.49.11 (180.101.49.11): icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=7.15 ms
64 bytes from 180.101.49.11 (180.101.49.11): icmp_seq=4 ttl=51 time=6.41 ms

至此固定IP地址已经设置完成了