CCNA 学习笔记

一、交换机、路由器基础配置

1、修改交换机主机名

Switch(config)#hostname ccna

 2、关闭域名解析功能

Switch(config)#no ip domain-lookup

 3、配置consloe口配置

Switch(config)#line console 0                     # 进入console口
Switch(config-line)#logging synchronous          # 默认关闭状态，开启日志同步功能，必须要开启。
Switch(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0             # 关闭console口配置超时功能，0 0 代表关闭；5 30 代表5分30秒没有操作关闭；

 4、配置consloe口密码

Switch#conf t 
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#line console 0
Switch(config-line)#password ccna
Switch(config-line)#login

 5、配置特权模式密码

Switch>enable
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#enable password ccna        # 配置明文密码
Switch(config)#enable secret ccnp          # 配置密文密码
Switch(config)#no enable password          # 取消明文密码

 6、配置远程telnet vty密码

Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#line vty 0 8
Switch(config-line)#password ccna
Switch(config-line)#login
Switch(config-line)#loggin synchronous
Switch(config-line)#exec-timeout 5 30

 7、配置登录交换机显示信息

Switch(config)#banner motd # this is ccna #

 8、保存配置文件命令

Switch#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]? 
Building configuration...
[OK]

9、配置交换机端口描述信息

 

Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#interface fa0/3
Switch(config-if)#description pos,192.168.56.11,front

10、查看当前配置信息

Switch#show running-config 
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1402 bytes
!
version 12.2
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
enable secret 5 $1$mERr$V3AzF/pAhvRvjIsUimrC8.
!
!
!
no ip domain-lookup
!
!
spanning-tree mode pvst
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
 description it,addny,qq,332761673

 11、清除配置信息

Switch#erase startup-config 
Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration files! Continue? [confirm]
[OK]
Erase of nvram: complete
%SYS-7-NV_BLOCK_INIT: Initialized the geometry of nvram

 12、配置交换机管理IP地址

Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#inter vlan 1
Switch(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown 

Switch(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1, changed state to up
%IP-4-DUPADDR: Duplicate address 192.168.1.1 on Vlan1, sourced by 0000.0C1A.A70E

 13、配置交换机的默认网关

Switch(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.1.254

 14、路由器配置fa0/0端口

R1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#inter fa0/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 

R1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

 15、路由器、交换机相关查看命令

R1#show running-config
R1#show version
R1#show startup-config
R1#show flash
R1#show interfaces fa0/0
R1#show ip interface brief