docker镜像&容器管理

1、拉取镜像

docker pull 拉取 MySQL8.0 和 tomcat 

拉取MySQL8.0镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:8.0

拉取tomcat:8.5.46-openjdk-jdk8镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull tomcat:8.5.46-openjdk-jdk8

2、docker images 列出所有镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG                   IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql        8.0                   70325c69f1fe   8 months ago   447MB
tomcat       8.5.46-jdk8-openjdk   8973f493aa0a   3 years ago    508MB

3、运行容器

运行tomcat容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd --name tomcat -p 8080:8080 tomcat:8.5.46-openjdk-jdk8

运行MySQL容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:8.0

4、docker ps -a查看所有容器，只显示运行状态的容器可以去掉参数：docker ps

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED        STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
d6cbb9a7953f   tomcat:8.5.46-jdk8-openjdk   "catalina.sh run"        8 months ago   Exited (143) 8 months ago             tomcat
02d0fd32d137   mysql                        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   8 months ago   Exited (0) 8 months ago               mysql

5、进入容器，以MySQL为例

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql bash

6、在宿主机拷贝文件到容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker cp cboard.war tomcat:/
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it tomcat bash
root@d6cbb9a7953f:~# cd /
root@d6cbb9a7953f:/# ls
bin  boot  cboard.war  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root    run  sbin  srv    sys  tmp  usr  var

7、拷贝容器内文件到宿主机

[root@localhost dir1]# docker cp tomcat:/cboard.war .
[root@localhost dir1]# ls
cboard.war

8、停止容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND             CREATED        STATUS          PORTS                                       NAMES
d6cbb9a7953f   tomcat:8.5.46-jdk8-openjdk   "catalina.sh run"   8 months ago   Up 11 minutes   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp   tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop tomcat
tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@localhost ~]# 

9、启动容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker start tomcat
tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND             CREATED        STATUS         PORTS                                       NAMES
d6cbb9a7953f   tomcat:8.5.46-jdk8-openjdk   "catalina.sh run"   8 months ago   Up 2 seconds   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp   tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# 

10、重启容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker restart tomcat
tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND             CREATED        STATUS         PORTS                                       NAMES
d6cbb9a7953f   tomcat:8.5.46-jdk8-openjdk   "catalina.sh run"   8 months ago   Up 2 seconds   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp   tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# 

11、删除容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm tomcat

12、删除镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi tomcat