python基础（九）

一、私有

class DB:
    port = 3306  #类变量
    def __init__(self):
        self.host = '127.0.0.1'
        self.__user = 'root'  #实例变量，成员变量
        self.__password = '123456'
        self.db = 'xx'
        # self.__help()
    def sql(self,sql):
        self.__help()
        print('执行sql')
    def __help(self):
        print(self.host)
        print(self.__user)
        print(self.__password)
        print(self.db)
        print(self.port)

    def get_port(self):  #实例方法
        print(self.port)

    @classmethod
    def help(cls):
        print('这个类是用来连接数据库的，它的用法是xxx')
        print('cls的内存地址',id(cls))

DB.help()

二、多线程及多线程下载网页

import threading
import time
def run():
    time.sleep(5)
    print('over')

start_time = time.time()
for i in range(100):
    t = threading.Thread(target=run)
    t.start()

print('运行的时候几个线程',threading.activeCount() ) # 1
#threading.activeCount就是当前有几个线程
while 1:
    if threading.active_count()==1:
        break


print('这时候几个线程',threading.activeCount()) # 2
end_time = time.time()
print('run time =',end_time - start_time) #

print('运行结束')


''' 第一种for循环主线程等待子线程运行结束
start_time = time.time()
ths = [] #100
for i in range(100):
    t = threading.Thread(target=run) #实例化一个线程，
    t.start()#启动这个线程
    ths.append(t)

for t in ths:
     t.join() #循环等待每个子线程执行结束
end_time = time.time()
print('run time =',end_time - start_time)
'''

    # start_time = time.time()
# run()
# run()
# run()
# run()
# end_time = time.time()
# print('run time =',end_time - start_time)

import requests
import time
import threading
def download_html(url,file_name):
    res = requests.get(url)
    with open(file_name+'.html','wb') as fw:
        fw.write(res.content)
    print('【%s】下载完成'%file_name)

urls={
    'nnzhp':'http://www.nnzhp.cn',
    'cc':'http://www.cc-na.cn',
    'dsx':'http://www.imdsx.cn',
    'besttest':'http://www.besttest.cn',
}

start_time = time.time()

for file_name,url in urls.items():
    t = threading.Thread(target=download_html,args=(url,file_name))
    #args=(url,) #单个参数的时候，一定要这么写
    t.start()
while threading.active_count()!=1:
    pass

end_time = time.time()
print('run time =',end_time - start_time)

    #单线程
# start_time = time.time()
# for k,v in urls.items():
#     download_html(url=v,file_name=k)
# end_time = time.time()
# print('run time =',end_time - start_time)

三、静态方法及守护线程

import turtle as t
import time
class Pig:
    words = '老铁们，爱你们'
    @classmethod
    def pq(cls):
        t.pensize(4)
        t.hideturtle()
        t.colormode(255)
        t.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
        t.setup(840, 500)
        t.speed(0.5)

        # 鼻子
        t.pu()
        t.goto(-100, 100)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-30)
        t.begin_fill()
        a = 0.4
        for i in range(120):
            if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
                a = a + 0.08
                t.lt(3)  # 向左转3度
                t.fd(a)  # 向前走a的步长
            else:
                a = a - 0.08
                t.lt(3)
                t.fd(a)
        t.end_fill()

        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(25)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(10)
        t.pd()
        t.pencolor(255, 155, 192)
        t.seth(10)
        t.begin_fill()
        t.circle(5)
        t.color(160, 82, 45)
        t.end_fill()

        t.pu()
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(20)
        t.pd()
        t.pencolor(255, 155, 192)
        t.seth(10)
        t.begin_fill()
        t.circle(5)
        t.color(160, 82, 45)
        t.end_fill()

        # 头
        t.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(41)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(0)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.seth(180)
        t.circle(300, -30)
        t.circle(100, -60)
        t.circle(80, -100)
        t.circle(150, -20)
        t.circle(60, -95)
        t.seth(161)
        t.circle(-300, 15)
        t.pu()
        t.goto(-100, 100)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-30)
        a = 0.4
        for i in range(60):
            if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
                a = a + 0.08
                t.lt(3)  # 向左转3度
                t.fd(a)  # 向前走a的步长
            else:
                a = a - 0.08
                t.lt(3)
                t.fd(a)
        t.end_fill()

        # 耳朵
        t.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(-7)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(70)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.seth(100)
        t.circle(-50, 50)
        t.circle(-10, 120)
        t.circle(-50, 54)
        t.end_fill()

        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(-12)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(30)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.seth(100)
        t.circle(-50, 50)
        t.circle(-10, 120)
        t.circle(-50, 56)
        t.end_fill()

        # 眼睛
        t.color((255, 155, 192), "white")
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(-20)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(-95)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.circle(15)
        t.end_fill()

        t.color("black")
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(12)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(-3)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.circle(3)
        t.end_fill()

        t.color((255, 155, 192), "white")
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(-25)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(40)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.circle(15)
        t.end_fill()

        t.color("black")
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(12)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(-3)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.circle(3)
        t.end_fill()

        # 腮
        t.color((255, 155, 192))
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(-95)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(65)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.circle(30)
        t.end_fill()

        # 嘴
        t.color(239, 69, 19)
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(15)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(-100)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-80)
        t.circle(30, 40)
        t.circle(40, 80)

        # 身体
        t.color("red", (255, 99, 71))
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(-20)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(-78)
        t.pd()
        t.begin_fill()
        t.seth(-130)
        t.circle(100, 10)
        t.circle(300, 30)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(230)
        t.seth(90)
        t.circle(300, 30)
        t.circle(100, 3)
        t.color((255, 155, 192), (255, 100, 100))
        t.seth(-135)
        t.circle(-80, 63)
        t.circle(-150, 24)
        t.end_fill()

        # 手
        t.color((255, 155, 192))
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(-40)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(-27)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-160)
        t.circle(300, 15)
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(15)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(0)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-10)
        t.circle(-20, 90)

        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(30)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(237)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-20)
        t.circle(-300, 15)
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(20)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(0)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-170)
        t.circle(20, 90)

        # 脚
        t.pensize(10)
        t.color((240, 128, 128))
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(-75)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(-180)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-90)
        t.fd(40)
        t.seth(-180)
        t.color("black")
        t.pensize(15)
        t.fd(20)

        t.pensize(10)
        t.color((240, 128, 128))
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(40)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(90)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(-90)
        t.fd(40)
        t.seth(-180)
        t.color("black")
        t.pensize(15)
        t.fd(20)

        # 尾巴
        t.pensize(4)
        t.color((255, 155, 192))
        t.pu()
        t.seth(90)
        t.fd(70)
        t.seth(0)
        t.fd(95)
        t.pd()
        t.seth(0)
        t.circle(70, 20)
        t.circle(10, 330)
        t.circle(70, 30)
        t.up()
        t.goto(180, 90)
        t.pencolor('red')
        t.write(cls.words, font=('微软雅黑', 15, 'normal'))
        time.sleep(50)
    @staticmethod
    def about_me():
        print('这个猪的类，可以画佩奇 Pig.pq() \n'
              '还可以画乔治 ，pig,qz()')


Pig.words = '哈哈哈哈哈，一个精致的猪猪女孩！'
Pig.about_me()

修改父类的方法

class Lw:
    def about_me(self,name):
        print('[%s] 会抽烟喝酒烫头'%name)
        print('[%s] 会抽烟喝酒烫头'%name)
        print('[%s] 会抽烟喝酒烫头'%name)
        print('[%s] 会抽烟喝酒烫头'%name)

class Xw(Lw):
    def about_me(self,name,age):
        super().about_me(name) #spuer指的就父类
        print('age',age)

    def abc(self):
        pass



wxm = Xw()
wxm.about_me('王小明',18)

接口

import requests
import nnlog
class MyRequest:
    log_file_name  = 'MyRequest.log'#日子文件名
    time_out = 10 #请求超时时间
    def __init__(self,url,data=None,headers=None,file=None):
        self.url = url
        self.data = data
        self.headers = headers
        self.file = file
    def post(self):
        try:
            req = requests.post(self.url,data=self.data,headers=self.headers,
                                files=self.file,timeout=self.time_out)
        except Exception as e:
            res = {"status":0,"err_msg":e.args}  #0代表请求失败
        else:
            try:
               res = {"status":1,"data":req.json()} #1代表返回的json
            except Exception as e:
                res = {"staus":2,"data":req.text} #2代表返回不是json
        log_str = 'url： %s 请求方式：post  data：%s ,返回数据：%s'%(self.url,self.data,res)
        self.write_log(log_str)
        return res

    def get(self):
        try:
            req = requests.get(self.url,params=self.data,headers=self.headers,timeout=self.time_out)
        except Exception as e:
            res = {"status":0,"err_msg":e.args}  #0代表请求失败
        else:
            try:
               res = {"status":1,"data":req.json()} #1代表返回的json

            except Exception as e:
                res = {"staus":2,"data":req.text} #2代表返回不是json
        log_str = 'url： %s get请求 data：%s ,返回数据：%s'%(self.url,self.data,res)
        self.write_log(log_str)
        return res

    @classmethod
    def write_log(cls,content):
        log = nnlog.Logger(cls.log_file_name)
        log.debug(content)

四、继承

import threading
import time

class MyThread(threading.Thread):
    def run(self):
        #这个方法必须叫run
        time.sleep(5)
        print('run..')


for i in range(5):
    t = MyThread()
    t.start()

获取多线程运行函数的返回值

import requests
import threading

all_res = []
def get_name(name):
    r = requests.get('http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/stu_info',
                     params={'stu_name':name})
    res = r.json()
    all_res.append(res)

for i in range(10):
    t = threading.Thread(target=get_name,args=(i,))
    t.start()

while threading.active_count()!=1:
    pass

print(all_res)

守护线程

import threading
import time


def hhh():
    time.sleep(5)
    print('hhhh')

for i in range(100):
    t = threading.Thread(target=hhh)
    t.setDaemon(True) #设置子线程为守护线程
    t.start()

print('秦始皇死了')

锁

#coding=utf-8
import threading
num = 0
lock = threading.Lock()  #申请一把锁
def xiaojun():
    global num
    # lock.acquire() #加锁
    # num+=1
    # lock.release() #解锁
    # with lock: #和上面一样
    #     num += 1
    num +=1
for i in range(1000):
    t = threading.Thread(target=xiaojun)
    t.start()
while threading.active_count()!=1:
    pass
print(num)
#多个线程同时操作同一个数据的时候一定要加锁

多进程

from multiprocessing import Process
import multiprocessing
import time
import threading
def run_thread():
    time.sleep(60)
    print('%s在运行'%threading.current_thread())


def run():
    for i in range(10):
        t = threading.Thread(target=run_thread)
        t.start()
    while threading.active_count()!=1:
        pass

for i in range(10):
    p = Process(target=run) #起进程
    p.start()
    p.pid

单元测试

#unittest
#junit
#phpunit
import unittest

def calc(a,b):
    return  a+b

class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def testa(self):
        res = calc(1,2)
        self.assertEqual(3,res,msg='预期结果和实际结果不一致')
    def testb(self):
        res = calc(0,1)
        self.assertEqual(2,res,msg='预期结果和实际结果不一致')

# unittest.main()