ModelForm
ModelForm：是将model和form组件结合起来的，本质是form组件
先有model,再建立modelform
model.py:
字段
from django.db import models
caption=models.CharField(verbose_name="调查问题",max_length=255)
question_type=models.IntegerField(verbose_name="问题类型",choices=choices,default=1)
modelform.py:
from django.forms import widgets,ModelForm
class ModelForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model=Question
fields=["caption","question_type"]
widgets={
"caption":widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class": "form-control", "id": "question"}),
"question_type":widgets.Select(attrs={"class": "form-control", "id": "type"}),}
views.py:
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import *
from .forms import *
def questionaire(request,questionaire_id):
question_list = Question.objects.filter(survey_id=questionaire_id)
for question_obj in question_list:
questionform=Question_form(instance=question_obj)
return render(request, "questionaire.html",locals())
区分两个对象
(book_obj与book_form)：
book_obj=Book.objects.filter(nid=id).first() # 获取该书籍字段信息
book_form：
in 模板中：刻意渲染表单标签（input，select）
in views:
book_form.is_valid() #校验用户输入的字段数据
添加：book_form= BookForm(data=request.POST)
book_form.save():添加一条记录
编辑：book_form = BookForm(data=request.POST,instance=book_obj)
book_form.save(): 编辑book_obj：book_obj.update(....)
示例
models：
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Class_info(models.Model):
"""班级表"""
name=models.CharField(verbose_name="班级(期)",max_length=32)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class UserInfo(models.Model):
"""员工表"""
name=models.CharField(verbose_name="姓名",max_length=16)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Student(models.Model):
"""学生表"""
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)
cls=models.ForeignKey("Class_info")
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Questionaire(models.Model):
"""问卷表"""
name=models.CharField(verbose_name="调查问卷名称",max_length=128,unique=True)
class_info=models.ForeignKey("Class_info",verbose_name="问卷调查班级")
date=models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="问卷创建日期",auto_now_add=True)
creator=models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="创建者",to="UserInfo")
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Question(models.Model):
"""问题表"""
survey=models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="问卷",to="Questionaire")
caption=models.CharField(verbose_name="调查问题",max_length=255)
date=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
choices=(
(1,"打分(1~10)"),
(2,"单选"),
(3,"建议"),
)
question_type=models.IntegerField(verbose_name="问题类型",choices=choices,default=1)
def __str__(self):
return self.caption
class Option(models.Model):
"""单选题的选项"""
option_name=models.CharField(verbose_name='选项名称',max_length=32)
score=models.IntegerField(verbose_name='选项对应的分值')
question=models.ForeignKey("Question")
def __str__(self):
return self.option_name
class Answer(models.Model):
"""回答"""
student=models.ForeignKey("Student")
question=models.ForeignKey("Question")
# 三选一
option=models.ForeignKey("Option",null=True,blank=True)
val=models.IntegerField(null=True,blank=True)
content=models.CharField(max_length=255,null=True,blank=True)
forms: class Question_form(ModelForm): class Meta: model=Question fields=["caption","question_type"] widgets={ "caption":widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class": "form-control", "id": "question"}), "question_type":widgets.Select(attrs={"class": "form-control", "id": "type"}), } class Option_model_form(ModelForm): class Meta: model=Option fields=["option_name","score"] widgets={ "option_name":widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class": "form-control", "id": "option_name"}), "score":widgets.TextInput (attrs={"class": "form-control", "id": "score"}) }
views: from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect from .models import * from .forms import * import json # Create your views here. def questionaire(request,questionaire_id): if request.method=="POST": response = {"state": True} try: print(json.loads(request.body.decode())) post_question_list=json.loads(request.body.decode()) pre_question_list=list(Question.objects.filter(survey_id=questionaire_id).values("pk","caption","question_type")) post_question_dict={i["pk"]:i for i in post_question_list} pre_question_dict={i["pk"]:i for i in pre_question_list} print(" post_question_dict",post_question_dict) print(" pre_question_dict",pre_question_dict) post_question_set=set([row["pk"] for row in post_question_list]) pre_question_set=set([row["pk"] for row in pre_question_list]) print(" post_question_set", post_question_set) print(" pre_question_set", pre_question_set) # 删除问题 del_question_pk_list=list(pre_question_set-post_question_set) print("del_question_pk_list",del_question_pk_list) Question.objects.filter(id__in=del_question_pk_list).delete() # 添加问题 add_question_pk_list=list(post_question_set-pre_question_set) print("add_question_pk_list:",add_question_pk_list) for add_pk in add_question_pk_list: caption=post_question_dict.get(add_pk)["caption"] question_type=post_question_dict.get(add_pk)["question_type"] option_list=post_question_dict.get(add_pk)["option_list"] question_obj=Question.objects.create(caption=caption,question_type=question_type,survey_id=questionaire_id) if question_type==2: for option in option_list: Option.objects.create(option_name=option["option_name"],score=option["score"],question=question_obj) # 更新问题 repeat_question_pk_list=list(pre_question_set & pre_question_set) print(repeat_question_pk_list) for repeat_pk in repeat_question_pk_list: post_question=post_question_dict.get(repeat_pk) pre_question=pre_question_dict.get(repeat_pk) current_question_post_option_list=post_question.pop("option_list") current_question_pre_option_list=list(Option.objects.filter(question_id=repeat_pk).values("pk","option_name","score")) if post_question==pre_question and current_question_post_option_list==current_question_pre_option_list: print("%s 问题没有任何更改" % post_question.get("caption")) else:# 问题被更改了 current_question_pk=post_question.get("pk") new_caption=post_question["caption"] new_question_type=post_question["question_type"] Question.objects.filter(pk=current_question_pk).update(caption=new_caption,question_type=new_question_type) if new_question_type==2: pre_option_pk_set=set([row["pk"] for row in current_question_pre_option_list]) post_option_pk_set=set([row["pk"] for row in current_question_post_option_list]) pre_option_dict={obj["pk"]:obj for obj in current_question_pre_option_list} post_option_dict={obj["pk"]:obj for obj in current_question_post_option_list} #添加选项 add_option_list=post_option_pk_set-post_option_pk_set for add_option_pk in add_option_list: option=post_question_dict.get("add_option_pk")["option_name"] score=post_question_dict.get("add_option_pk")["score"] Option.objects.create(option_name=option,score=score,question_id=current_question_pk) #删除选项 del_option_list=pre_option_pk_set-post_option_pk_set Option.objects.filter(id__in=del_option_list).delete() # 更新选项 repeat_option_list = list(post_option_pk_set & pre_option_pk_set) for option_pk in repeat_option_list: if post_option_dict.get(option_pk) == pre_option_dict.get(option_pk): print("option没有更改...") else: s = post_option_dict.get(option_pk) s.pop("pk") Option.objects.filter(id=option_pk).update(**s) print("问题更新结束....") except Exception as e: response["error_meg"] = e response["state"] = False return HttpResponse(json.dumps(response)) else: questionaire_obj=Questionaire.objects.filter(id=questionaire_id).first() if not questionaire_obj: return HttpResponse("未找到符合要求的问卷调查！") # 处理没有找到问卷对象的情况 # question_list = Question.objects.filter(survey_id=questionaire_id) # question_model_form_list=[] # for question_obj in question_list: # questionform=Question_form(instance=question_obj) # question_model_form_list.append(questionform) # question_model_form_list = (Question_form(instance=question_obj) for question_obj in question_list) def generate_question_modelform_info(): question_list = Question.objects.filter(survey_id=questionaire_id) for question in question_list: questionform = Question_form(instance=question) if question.question_type==2: option_list=question.option_set.all() option_model_form_list=((Option_model_form(instance=option),option) for option in option_list) yield {"question":question,"questionform":questionform,"option_model_form_list":option_model_form_list} else: yield {"question":question,"questionform":questionform} return render(request, "questionaire.html",{"generate_question_modelform_info":generate_question_modelform_info()})
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