小学生四则运算
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题目要求：能自动生成小学四则运算题目
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工具清单：
- Java，eclipse
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PSP表格
预计耗时（分钟） 实际耗时（分钟） 计划 30 30 估计这个任务需要多少时间 5 5 开发 80 80 需求分析 10 10 生成设计文档 5 5 设计复审（和同事审核设计文档） 30 30 代码规范（为目前的开发制定合适的规范） 30 30 具体设计 30 30 具体编码 100 100 代码复审 10 10 测试（自测，修改代码，提交修改） 20 20 报告 20 20 测试报告 10 10 计算工作量 5 5 事后总结，并提出过程改进计划 5 5 合计 390 390 - 代码
Main.java
package 实验一;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;public class Main {
private JFrame mainWindow = new JFrame("四则运算练习软件");
//面板
private JPanel selectPanel = new JPanel();
private JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();
private JPanel commandP = new JPanel();private JButton JBRedo = new JButton("重做");
private JButton JBStart = new JButton("开始做题");private JLabel JLUsersName = new JLabel("请输入你的用户名：");
private JLabel JLChooseOp = new JLabel("请选择运算类型：");
private JLabel JLNumberDigit = new JLabel("请选择运算位数：");
private JLabel JLBAnsTip = new JLabel("输入答案");
private JLabel JLBRemainTip = new JLabel("余数");private JTextField JTFUserName = new JTextField(8);//10的单位不是px 而是指定列数
private String[] operationType = {"+","-","*","/","混合"};
private String[] numberOfDigitType = {"1","2","3","4"};
private JComboBox<String> JCBOperationSelect = new JComboBox<String>(operationType);//JComboBox 泛型 需要加上<E>
private JComboBox<String> JCBNumberOfDigit = new JComboBox<String>(numberOfDigitType);//显示题目的JLabel
private JLabel[] JLBQuestions= new JLabel[10];
//显示正确答案的JLabel
private JLabel[] JLBAnswers = new JLabel[10];
//显示用户答案是否正确的JLabel
private JLabel[] JLBIsTrue = new JLabel[10];private JTextField[] JTFUsersAnswer = new JTextField[10];//定义变量时需要赋初值，不然会出现空指针异常问题
private JTextField[] JTFRemainder = new JTextField[10];//设置Font
private Font buttonFont = new Font("微软雅黑",Font.PLAIN,16);
private Font JLBFont = new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18);
private Font JTFFont = new Font("微软雅黑",Font.PLAIN,18);
private Font JLBAnsFont = new Font("微软雅黑",Font.PLAIN,16);//类型为Operation的questions数组，只有这个才和Operation类等等那些类关联起来
private Operation[] questions = new Operation[10];
//用户答案数组
private int[] userAnswer = new int[10];
//用户余数数组
private int[] remainder = new int[10];private int scores ,n = 1;
private JLabel JLBScores = new JLabel("你的成绩为:");
private JButton JBOpenFile = new JButton("查看记录");
private String chara = "+";
private File pFile = new File("四则运算记录");private int usedTime;
boolean runFlag = false;//runFlag默认为false
private JPanel PTime = new JPanel();
private JLabel JLBRemainTime = new JLabel("剩余时间：");
private JTextField JTFWtime = new JTextField("120");
private JLabel JLBTime = new JLabel("用时：");
//LimitTime t = new LimitTime();//线程不可以在这里new
//倒计时线程
class LimitTime extends Thread{
public void run()
{
runFlag = true;
int i = 120;
usedTime = 0;
while(runFlag && i >= 0)
{
JTFWtime.setText(""+i);
try {
sleep(1000);
usedTime++;
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
JFrame jf = new JFrame();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(jf,"出现了未知问题，请重启程序");
}
i--;
}
//runFlag = false;
for(int j = 0;j < 10;j++)
{
if(JTFUsersAnswer[j].getText().equals(""))
{
JTFUsersAnswer[j].setText("0");
}
}
printAnswer();//倒计时结束，则调用printAnswer()方法
JBStart.setText("开始做题");
JLBTime.setText("用时："+usedTime);
}
}public Main(){
//布局用户名&选择面板
selectPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(700,50));
//selectPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,6,25,20));
JLUsersName.setFont(JLBFont);
selectPanel.add(JLUsersName);
JTFUserName.setFont(JLBFont);
selectPanel.add(JTFUserName);
JLChooseOp.setFont(JLBFont);
selectPanel.add(JLChooseOp);
JCBOperationSelect.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(50,25)); //当selectPanel.setLayout那句存在时，这里的设置无效
selectPanel.add(JCBOperationSelect);
JLNumberDigit.setFont(JLBFont);
selectPanel.add(JLNumberDigit);
JCBNumberOfDigit.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(50,25));
selectPanel.add(JCBNumberOfDigit);//布局主面板
mainPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(700,400));
//mainPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(10,3,5,10));
GridBagLayout gridbag = new GridBagLayout();
GridBagConstraints GBC = new GridBagConstraints();
GBC.weightx = 1;//加上这两行之后文本框的大小会和不加时不同 因为它描述的是随面板变化的情况 而现在面板的设定值是800*500 因此不同(不以设定大小为默认值)
GBC.weighty = 1;
//GBC.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;//weightx描述的是网格的大小随面板大小变化，组件的大小并不会随之变化 要使组件随之变化需要控制它对所在位置的填充方式
//GBC.insets = new Insets(1,1,2,2);
GBC.gridx = 1;
GBC.gridy = 0;
GBC.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBAnsTip, GBC);
JLBAnsTip.setFont(JLBFont);
mainPanel.add(JLBAnsTip);GBC.gridx = 2;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBRemainTip, GBC);
JLBRemainTip.setFont(JLBFont);
mainPanel.add(JLBRemainTip);GBC.gridx = 4;
GBC.gridwidth = 2;
GBC.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBScores, GBC);
JLBScores.setFont(JLBFont);
mainPanel.add(JLBScores);for(int i = 0;i < 5;i++)
{
JLBQuestions[i] = new JLabel("点击开始做题显示题目");
JLBQuestions[i].setFont(JLBFont);
JTFUsersAnswer[i] = new JTextField(5); //一定要加这行 不然会出现空指针错误
JTFUsersAnswer[i].setFont(JTFFont);
JTFRemainder[i] = new JTextField(3);
JTFRemainder[i].setFont(JTFFont);
JLBAnswers[i] = new JLabel("");
JLBAnswers[i].setFont(JLBAnsFont);
JLBIsTrue[i] = new JLabel("");
JLBIsTrue[i].setFont(JLBAnsFont);//gridbag.setConstraints(JLBQuestions[i],new GridBagConstraints(i,0,5,10,1,1,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,GridBagConstraints.NONE,new Insets(2,2,2,2),0,0));
//gridbag.setConstraints(JTFUsersAnswer[i],new GridBagConstraints(i,1,5,10,1,1,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,GridBagConstraints.NONE,new Insets(2,2,2,2),0,0));
//gridbag.setConstraints(JTFRemainder[i],new GridBagConstraints(i,2,5,10,1,1,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,GridBagConstraints.NONE,new Insets(2,2,2,2),0,0));
GBC.gridwidth = 1;
GBC.gridx = 0;
GBC.gridy = 2*i+1;
GBC.anchor = GridBagConstraints.EAST;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBQuestions[i], GBC);
mainPanel.add(JLBQuestions[i]);
GBC.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
GBC.gridy = 2*i+2;
GBC.gridwidth = 2;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBAnswers[i], GBC);
mainPanel.add(JLBAnswers[i]);GBC.gridwidth = 1;
GBC.gridx = 1;
GBC.gridy = 2*i+1;
GBC.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
gridbag.setConstraints(JTFUsersAnswer[i],GBC);
mainPanel.add(JTFUsersAnswer[i]);GBC.gridx = 2;
gridbag.setConstraints(JTFRemainder[i],GBC);
mainPanel.add(JTFRemainder[i]);
GBC.gridy = 2*i+2;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBIsTrue[i], GBC);
mainPanel.add(JLBIsTrue[i]);
}for(int i = 5;i < 10;i++)
{
JLBQuestions[i] = new JLabel("点击开始做题显示题目");
JLBQuestions[i].setFont(JLBFont);
JTFUsersAnswer[i] = new JTextField(5); //一定要加这行 不然会出现空指针错误
JTFUsersAnswer[i].setFont(JTFFont);
JTFRemainder[i] = new JTextField(3);
JTFRemainder[i].setFont(JTFFont);
JLBAnswers[i] = new JLabel("");
JLBAnswers[i].setFont(JLBAnsFont);
JLBIsTrue[i] = new JLabel("");
JLBIsTrue[i].setFont(JLBAnsFont);GBC.gridx = 4;
GBC.gridy = 2*i-9;
GBC.anchor = GridBagConstraints.EAST;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBQuestions[i], GBC);
mainPanel.add(JLBQuestions[i]);
GBC.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
GBC.gridy = 2*i-8;
GBC.gridwidth = 2;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBAnswers[i], GBC);
mainPanel.add(JLBAnswers[i]);GBC.gridwidth = 1;
GBC.gridx = 5;
GBC.gridy = 2*i-9;
GBC.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
gridbag.setConstraints(JTFUsersAnswer[i],GBC);
mainPanel.add(JTFUsersAnswer[i]);GBC.gridx = 6;
gridbag.setConstraints(JTFRemainder[i],GBC);
mainPanel.add(JTFRemainder[i]);
GBC.gridy = 2*i-8;
gridbag.setConstraints(JLBIsTrue[i], GBC);
mainPanel.add(JLBIsTrue[i]);}
mainPanel.setLayout(gridbag);//布局命令面板
commandP.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER,60,20));
JLBRemainTime.setFont(JLBFont);
JLBTime.setFont(JLBFont);
JTFWtime.setFont(JTFFont);
PTime.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT,10,20));
PTime.add(JLBRemainTime);
PTime.add(JTFWtime);
PTime.add(JLBTime);
commandP.add(PTime);
JBStart.setFont(buttonFont);
commandP.add(JBStart);
JBRedo.setFont(buttonFont);
commandP.add(JBRedo);
JBOpenFile.setFont(buttonFont);
commandP.add(JBOpenFile);//使用匿名嵌套类的方式注册开始按钮的事件处理监听器对象
JBStart.addActionListener(
new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(JBStart.getText().equals("开始做题"))
{
if(JTFUserName.getText().trim().equals(""))
{
JFrame nullNameWarning = new JFrame();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(nullNameWarning,"请输入用户名");//确保用户输入用户名
}
else{
start(); //如果按钮上面的文字是"开始做题"，则调用start()方法出题
JBStart.setText("提交答案");
//倒计时线程开始
LimitTime t = new LimitTime();
t.start();
}
}
else
{
for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
{
if(JTFUsersAnswer[i].getText().equals(""))
{
JTFUsersAnswer[i].setText("0");
}
}
runFlag = false;//将runFlag设置为false（线程就会不再执行while循环里的内容）
//printAnswer();//这里不用再调用printWriter方法了，因为线程那边结束的时候会对它进行调用。
JLBTime.setText("用时："+usedTime);
JBStart.setText("开始做题");/*int flag = 1;//是否完成每道题
for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
{
if(JTFUsersAnswer[i].getText().equals(""))
{
JFrame nullAns = new JFrame();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(nullAns,"请确保已完成每道题");
flag = 0;//有题目没完成
break;
}
}
if(flag == 1)
{
printAnswer();//如果按钮上面的文字是"提交答案"，则调用printAnswer()方法
JBStart.setText("开始做题");
}*/
//使用计时器的话不需要完成每道题}
}
}
);//监听重做按钮
JBRedo.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
if(JBStart.getText().equals("开始做题"))//若已提交答案 则可以进行重做
{
for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
{
JTFUsersAnswer[i].setText("");
JTFRemainder[i].setText("");
JLBAnswers[i].setText("");
JLBIsTrue[i].setText("");
JLBScores.setText("");
}
JLBTime.setText("用时：");
LimitTime t = new LimitTime();
t.start();
JBStart.setText("提交答案");
}
else//答案未提交 不能重做
{
JFrame notSubmit = new JFrame();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(notSubmit,"提交后才可以重做！提交前可以直接更改答案！");
}
}
});//查看以往做题记录的按钮监听器
JBOpenFile.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){if(JTFUserName.getText().trim().equals(""))
{
JFrame nullNameWarning = new JFrame();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(nullNameWarning,"请输入用户名");//确保用户输入用户名
}
else{
//一般不能实例化一个Runtime对象，应用程序也不能创建自己的Runtime 类实例，但可以通过getRuntime 方法获取当前Runtime运行时对象的引用。一旦得到了一个当前的Runtime对象的引用，就可以调用Runtime对象的方法去控制Java虚拟机的状态和行为。
Runtime ce=Runtime.getRuntime();
pFile.mkdirs();
String filename = JTFUserName.getText()+".his";
File aUserRec = new File(pFile,filename);
if(aUserRec.exists())
{
try{
//ce.exec("cmd /c start "+aUserRec.getAbsolutePath());//这样是不能打开的 因为没有东西能打开.his文件 会跳出来搜索应用商店
ce.exec("notepad.exe "+aUserRec.getAbsolutePath());
}catch(IOException exc){
exc.printStackTrace();
}
}else{
JFrame nullFileWarning = new JFrame();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(nullFileWarning,"该用户暂无记录!");
}
}
}
});//尽量把主窗体的设置都放到最后
mainWindow.add(selectPanel,BorderLayout.NORTH);
mainWindow.add(mainPanel,BorderLayout.CENTER);
mainWindow.add(commandP, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
mainWindow.pack();
mainWindow.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainWindow.setSize(800,500);//设置窗体大小
mainWindow.setLocationRelativeTo(null);//将窗口置于屏幕中间
mainWindow.setVisible(true);//设置为可见 要放在最后 放在前面则只能看见用户名和选择面板 主面板等需要拖动窗口大小才能看见
}public void start(){
//清除TextField和答案标签的内容
for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
{
JTFUsersAnswer[i].setText("");
JTFRemainder[i].setText("");
JLBAnswers[i].setText("");
JLBIsTrue[i].setText("");
JLBScores.setText("");
JLBTime.setText("用时：");
}//获取ComboBox的选中值
chara = (String) JCBOperationSelect.getSelectedItem();
n = Integer.valueOf((String)JCBNumberOfDigit.getSelectedItem());//根据选择的运算出题
int flag = 0;
if(chara.equals("混合"))
flag = 1;
for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
{
if(flag == 1)
{
int tempCh = (int)(Math.random()*4+1);
switch(tempCh)
{
case 1:
chara = "+";
break;
case 2:
chara = "-";
break;
case 3:
chara = "*";
break;
case 4:
chara = "/";
break;
}
}switch(chara)
{
case "+":
questions[i] = new Addition(n);
JLBQuestions[i].setText(questions[i].printQuestion());
break;
case "-":
questions[i] = new Subtraction(n);
JLBQuestions[i].setText(questions[i].printQuestion());
break;
case "*":
questions[i] = new Multiplication(n);
JLBQuestions[i].setText(questions[i].printQuestion());
break;
case "/":
questions[i] = new Division(n);
JLBQuestions[i].setText(questions[i].printQuestion());
break;
default:
JFrame jf = new JFrame();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(jf,"出现未知错误，请重启程序。");
}
}
}//在面板上显示每题的正确答案、得分和用时，并且将每次做题的记录写入文件
public void printAnswer()
{
//成绩初始值为100
scores = 100;//对于每道题
for(int i = 0; i < 10;i++)
{
//给用户的答案这一数组赋值（getText的结果为String）
userAnswer[i] = Integer.valueOf(JTFUsersAnswer[i].getText());//如果没有填余数，则默认用户认为余数为0，并给余数数组赋值
if(JTFRemainder[i].getText().equals(""))
{
remainder[i] = 0;
}//否则用用户填的余数给余数数组赋值
else
{
remainder[i] = Integer.valueOf(JTFRemainder[i].getText());
}
//questions的类型是operation，用答案和余数这两个数组给questions这个数组赋值
questions[i].setUsersAnswer(userAnswer[i],remainder[i]);//以下这种分开是否有余数的做法是错误的，因为在运算为混合时chara的值是看第十题的（第十题的chara会覆盖掉前面的）。 万一除法没有余数就会报错
/*if(chara.equals("/"))
{remainder[i] = Integer.valueOf(JTFRemainder[i].getText());
questions[i].setUsersAnswer(userAnswer[i],remainder[i]);
}
else
{
questions[i].setUsersAnswer(userAnswer[i]);
}*///使正确答案显示在面板上
JLBAnswers[i].setText(questions[i].ptintQA());//在面板上显示答案是否正确
JLBIsTrue[i].setText(questions[i].isCorrect());//如果错误则将答案和是否正确两个标签的字体颜色设置为红色
if(JLBIsTrue[i].getText().equals("回答错误"))
{
JLBAnswers[i].setForeground(Color.RED);
JLBIsTrue[i].setForeground(Color.RED);
scores-=10;
}
//正确为黑色
else
{
JLBAnswers[i].setForeground(Color.BLACK);
JLBIsTrue[i].setForeground(Color.BLACK);
}
}
//显示成绩
JLBScores.setText("你的成绩为："+ scores);//创建用户文件
pFile.mkdirs();
String filename = JTFUserName.getText()+".his";
File aUserRec = new File(pFile,filename);
if(! (aUserRec.exists()))
{
try{
aUserRec.createNewFile();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
JFrame jf = new JFrame();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(jf,"用户文件创建失败");
}
}//将每道题的正确答案和用户答案写入文件
for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
{
questions[i].writeToFile(aUserRec);
}//将得分和用时写入文件
try
{
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(aUserRec,true));
out.println("");
out.println("你此次的得分是："+scores+" "+"所用时间为："+usedTime+"秒");
out.println("");
out.println("");
out.close();
}catch(FileNotFoundException e){
System.err.println("File not found!" );
}catch(IOException e2){
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Addition.javapackage 实验一;
import 实验一.Operation;public class Addition extends Operation {
static String ch = "+";
public Addition(int n) {
super(ch,n);
}@Override
public void operation() {
correctAnswer = op1 + op2;
}public void isNumRight(){}
public void setRange(){
minRange = 0;
maxRange = maxInt + maxInt;
}
}
Operation.javapackage 实验一;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;public abstract class Operation {
protected int op1,op2,remainder,usersRemainder,n,correctAnswer,usersAnswer,maxInt=1;
protected String ch;
protected long minRange,maxRange;public Operation(String ch,int n) {
super();
this.ch = ch;
this.n = n;
}public abstract void operation();
public abstract void isNumRight();
public abstract void setRange();protected void getRanNum()
{
op1 = (int)(Math.random()*Math.pow(10,n));
op2 = (int)(Math.random()*Math.pow(10,n));
}public void setUsersAnswer(int usersAnswer,int usersRemainder) //throws Exception
{
/*setRange();
if(usersAnswer < minRange || usersAnswer > maxRange)
throw new NumberTooBigException("答案范围应为"+minRange+"到"+maxRange);*/
this.usersAnswer = usersAnswer;
this.usersRemainder = usersRemainder;
}public void setUsersAnswer(int usersAnswer) //throws Exception
{
setUsersAnswer(usersAnswer,0);
}public String isCorrect()
{
if(usersAnswer == correctAnswer)
return "回答正确";
else
return "回答错误";
}public String printQuestion()
{
getRanNum();
isNumRight();
return op1+" "+ch+" "+op2+" =";
}public String ptintQA()
{
operation();
return "答案："+op1+" "+ch+" "+op2+" = "+correctAnswer;
}public void writeToFile(File aFile)
{
try
{
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(aFile,true));
out.println("题目："+op1+" "+ch+" "+op2);
out.println("你的答案："+usersAnswer + " "+ "正确答案："+correctAnswer);
out.close();
}catch(FileNotFoundException e){
System.err.println("File not found!" );
}catch(IOException e2){
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Multiplication.javapackage 实验一;
import 实验一.Operation;public class Multiplication extends Operation {
static String ch = "X";
public Multiplication(int n) {
super(ch,n);
}@Override
public void operation() {
correctAnswer = op1 * op2;
}@Override
public void isNumRight() {}public void setRange(){
minRange = 0;
maxRange = maxInt * maxInt;
}}
Subtraction.java
package 实验一;
import 实验一.Operation;public class Subtraction extends Operation{
static String ch = "-";
public Subtraction(int n) {
super(ch,n);
}public void operation() {
correctAnswer = op1 - op2;
}public void isNumRight(){
while(op1 == op2)
getRanNum();
if(op1 < op2)
{
int temp = op1;
op1 = op2;
op2 = temp;
}
}public void setRange(){
minRange = -maxInt;
maxRange = maxInt;
}
}
Division.javapackage 实验一;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;import 实验一.Operation;
public class Division extends Operation {
static String ch = "/";
public Division(int n) {
super(ch,n);
}@Override
public void operation() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
correctAnswer = op1 / op2;
remainder = op1 % op2;
}public String isCorrect()
{
if(usersAnswer == correctAnswer && remainder == usersRemainder)
return "回答正确";
else
return "回答错误";
}public String ptintQA()
{
operation();
return "答案："+op1+" "+ch+" "+op2+" = "+correctAnswer+" "+remainder;
}@Override
public void isNumRight() {
while(op2 == 0)
getRanNum();
}public void setRange(){
minRange = 0;
maxRange = maxInt;
}public void writeToFile(File aFile)
{
try
{
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(aFile,true));
out.println("题目："+op1+" "+ch+" "+op2);
out.println("你的答案："+usersAnswer+" "+usersRemainder + " "+ "正确答案："+correctAnswer+" "+remainder);
out.close();
}catch(FileNotFoundException e){
System.err.println("File not found!" );
}catch(IOException e2){
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
ArithmeticTest8.javapackage 实验一;
import 实验一.Main;public class ArithmeticTest8 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Main exercise = new Main();
}}
- 运行结果
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