Linux下面误删除文件使用extundelete工具恢复介绍

1.使用rz命令上传extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2到/tmp文件夹下并解压软件。

1	[root@localhost tmp]# tar -jxvf extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2

2.进入到extundelete解压的目录下面，执行编译安装。

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[root@localhost test]# cd /tmp [root@localhost tmp]# ls extundelete-0.2.4          lrzsz-0.12.20         pulse-0Wu68Rqve4hx extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2  lrzsz-0.12.20.tar.gz  virtual-root.b6Z0Gt [root@localhost tmp]# cd extundelete-0.2.4 [root@localhost extundelete-0.2.4]# ./configure Configuring extundelete 0.2.4 configure: error: Can't find ext2fs library   #根据提示找到ext2fs库文件进行安装,执行yum -y install e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-libs e2fsprogs-devel [root@localhost extundelete-0.2.4]# ./configure Configuring extundelete 0.2.4 Writing generated files to disk

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[root@localhost extundelete-0.2.4]# make make -s all-recursive Making all in src [root@localhost extundelete-0.2.4]# make install Making install in src   /usr/bin/install -c extundelete '/usr/local/bin'

3.新添加一块硬盘/dev/sdb1并划分区格式化挂载到/test，新建文件和目录如下。

[root@localhost /]# tree test
test
├── 1.txt
├── a
│   ├── a.txt
│   └── b
│   ├── a.txt
│   └── c
│   ├── a.txt
│   └── d
├── a.txt
├── hosts
├── kong.txt
├── lost+found
└── passwd

5 directories, 8 files

4.进入到挂载目录/test，然后删除挂载点里面的文件并卸载磁盘。

[root@localhost /]# rm -rf a a.txt 1.txt hosts kong.txt passwd
[root@localhost /]# ls /test
lost+found
[root@localhost /]# umount /test

5.使用extundelete查看/dev/sdb1目录和文件的inode号。

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[root@localhost ~]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --inode 2 NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Group: 0 Contents of inode 2: 0000 | ed 41 00 00 00 10 00 00 f4 6e 9d 5a f2 6e 9d 5a | .A.......n.Z.n.Z 0010 | f2 6e 9d 5a 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 08 00 00 00 | .n.Z............ 0020 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 39 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ........9....... 0030 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0040 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0050 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0060 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0070 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0080 | 1c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0090 | bd 68 9d 5a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | .h.Z............ 00a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00b0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................   Inode is Allocated File mode: 16877 Low 16 bits of Owner Uid: 0 Size in bytes: 4096 Access time: 1520266996 Creation time: 1520266994 Modification time: 1520266994 Deletion Time: 0 Low 16 bits of Group Id: 0 Links count: 3 Blocks count: 8 File flags: 0 File version (for NFS): 0 File ACL: 0 Directory ACL: 0 Fragment address: 0 Direct blocks: 825, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 Indirect block: 0 Double indirect block: 0 Triple indirect block: 0   File name                                       | Inode number | Deleted status .                                                 2 ..                                                2 lost+found                                        11 1.txt                                             12             Deleted a                                                 8017           Deleted hosts                                             13             Deleted passwd                                            14             Deleted a.txt                                             15             Deleted kong.txt                                          16             Deleted

6.使用extundelete命令进行文件和目录的恢复。

(1)通过inode号恢复（文件名会有变更）；

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[root@localhost test]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-inode 12 NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Loading journal descriptors ... 101 descriptors loaded. [root@localhost test]# ls RECOVERED_FILES [root@localhost test]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/ [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# ls file.12 [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# cat file.12 1111

(2)通过文件名恢复；

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[root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-file passwd NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Loading journal descriptors ... 101 descriptors loaded. Successfully restored file passwd [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/ [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# cat passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown

(3)通过目录名称恢复(空目录是不会被恢复的);

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[root@localhost test]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-directory a NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Loading journal descriptors ... 101 descriptors loaded. Searching for recoverable inodes in directory a ... 13 recoverable inodes found. Looking through the directory structure for deleted files ... 7 recoverable inodes still lost. [root@localhost test]# ls RECOVERED_FILES [root@localhost test]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/ [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# ls a [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# tree a a ├── a.txt └── b     ├── a.txt     └── c         └── a.txt   2 directories, 3 files

(4)恢复所有文件和目录，不包括空文件和空目录；

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[root@localhost test]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-all NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Loading journal descriptors ... 101 descriptors loaded. Searching for recoverable inodes in directory / ... 13 recoverable inodes found. Looking through the directory structure for deleted files ... 1 recoverable inodes still lost. [root@localhost test]# ls RECOVERED_FILES [root@localhost test]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/ [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# ls 1.txt  a  a.txt  hosts  kong.txt  passwd [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# tree . ├── 1.txt ├── a │   ├── a.txt │   └── b │       ├── a.txt │       └── c │           └── a.txt ├── a.txt ├── hosts ├── kong.txt └── passwd