spring-给bean注入参数

属性注入

构造方法注入

　　调用指定的带参构造方法给属性注入值　　

<bean  id="". class="">

　　<constructor-arg  index=""  name=""  value=""  ref="">

　　　　<value></value>

　　</constructor-arg>

</bean>

代码实现：

目录结构：

 

 创建UserBean：

package com.spring.beanbox;

public class UserBean {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Character sex;
    private String addr;

    public UserBean(Integer id, String name, Character sex, String addr) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.addr = addr;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Character getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(Character sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddr() {
        return addr;
    }

    public void setAddr(String addr) {
        this.addr = addr;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "UserBean{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sex=" + sex +
                ", addr='" + addr + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

创建bean.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="userBean" class="com.spring.beanbox.UserBean">
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="11"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="1"><value>小明</value></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="2" name="sex" value="男"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="3"><value>杭州</value></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
</beans>

创建测试类：

package com.spring.beanbox;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestDemo {
    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception{
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        UserBean userBean = (UserBean) ac.getBean("userBean");
        System.out.println(userBean);
    }

}

运行结果：

 

setter方法注入

　　按照指定的属性名，自动调用属性对应的setter方法给属性注入值

　　<bean  id="userBean"  class="com.spring.beanbox.UserBean">

　　　　<property  name=""  value=""  ref="">

　　　　　　<value></value>

　　　　</property>

　　</bean>

代码实现；

目录结构：

 

创建UserBean：

package com.spring.beanbox;

public class UserBean {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Character sex;
    private String addr;

    // 无参的构造方法
    public UserBean() {
    }

    //get和set方法
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Character getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(Character sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddr() {
        return addr;
    }

    public void setAddr(String addr) {
        this.addr = addr;
    }

    //tostring方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "UserBean{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sex=" + sex +
                ", addr='" + addr + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

创建bean.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="userBean" class="com.spring.beanbox.UserBean">
            <property name="id" value="26"></property>
            <property name="name"><value>小明</value></property>
            <property name="sex" value="男"></property>
            <property name="addr" value="杭州"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

创建测试类：

package com.spring.beanbox;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestDemo {
    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception{
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        UserBean userBean = (UserBean) ac.getBean("userBean");
        System.out.println(userBean);
    }

}

 运行结果：

 

 集合注入

<bean  id="userBean4"class="com.spring02.beanbox.UserBean">

　　<property  name="数组">

　　　　<array>

　　　　　　<value></value>

　　　　</array>

　　</property>

　　<propertyname="list集合">

　　　　<list>

　　　　　　<value></value>

　　　　</list>

　　</property>

　　<property  name="set集合">

　　　　<set><value></value></set>

　　</property>

　　<property  name="map集合">

　　　　<map>

　　　　　　<entry  key=""  value=""></entry>

　　　　</map>

　　</property>

　　<property  name="Properties集合">

　　　　<props><prop  key=""></prop></props>

　　</property>

</bean>

代码实现：

目录结构：

 

 

 创建Userbean：

package com.spring.beanbox;

import java.util.*;

public class UserBean {


    private Integer[] array;
    private List<String> list;
    private Set<String> set;
    private Map<String,Object> map;
    private Properties prop;


    public Integer[] getArray() {
        return array;
    }

    public void setArray(Integer[] array) {
        this.array = array;
    }


    public List<String> getList() {
        return list;
    }

    public void setList(List<String> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    public Set<String> getSet() {
        return set;
    }

    public void setSet(Set<String> set) {
        this.set = set;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getMap() {
        return map;
    }

    public void setMap(Map<String, Object> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }

    public Properties getProp() {
        return prop;
    }

    public void setProp(Properties prop) {
        this.prop = prop;
    }
    //
    public void desArray(){
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(array));
        System.out.println(list);
        System.out.println(set);
        System.out.println(map);
        System.out.println(prop);
    }
}

创建bean.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean id="userBean" class="com.spring.beanbox.UserBean">
        <property name="array">
            <array>
                <value>26</value>
                <value>27</value>
                <value>28</value>
                <value>29</value>
            </array>
        </property>

        <property name="list">
            <list>
                <value>tom</value>
                <value>jack</value>
                <value>lucy</value>
            </list>
        </property>

        <property name="set">
            <set>
                <value>rose</value>
                <value>jarry</value>
            </set>
        </property>

        <property name="map">
            <map>
                <entry key="key1" value="value1"></entry>
                <entry key="key2" value="value2"></entry>
            </map>
        </property>

        <property name="prop">
            <props>
                <prop key="key1_1">key111</prop>
                <prop key="key2_1">key222</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

 

创建测试类：

package com.spring.beanbox;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestDemo {
    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception{
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        UserBean userBean = (UserBean) ac.getBean("userBean");

        userBean.desArray();
    }

}

运行结果：

注解注入 

开发中可以使用注解取代xml配置文件。

@Component(id)：指定目标类由spring容器管理。

web开发中，提供3个和@Component注解等效的注解：

　　@Repository：dao层

　　@Service：service层

　　@Controller：web层

依赖注入，注解可以给私有属性设置，也可以给setter方法。

　　普通值：@Value("")

　　引用值：方式1：按照【类型】注入：@Autowired

　　　　　　方式2：按照【名称】注入1：@Autowired@Qualifier("名称")

　　　　　　方式3：按照【名称】注入2：@Resource(name="名称")

生命周期：

　　初始化：@PostConstruct

　　销毁：@PreDestroy

作用域：

　　@Scope("prototype")多例

在配置文件中扫描含有注解类，使用注解前，添加context命名空间。<context:component-scan>需要导入aop的jar包

代码实现：

目录结构： 

 

 

创建UserDao：

package com.spring.anno;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component("userDao")
@Scope("prototype")
public class UserDao {
    public void insertUser() {

        System.out.println("用户信息录入成功");
    }
}

创建UserService：

package com.spring.anno;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;



@Service("userService")
public class UserService {
    @Value("小李")
    private String name;
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
    private UserDao userDao2;
    private UserDao userDao3;

    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {

        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;
    }



    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("userDao")
    public void setUserDao2(UserDao userDao2) {

        this.userDao2 = userDao2;
    }
    @Resourse(name = "userDao")
    public void setUserDao3(UserDao userDao3) {
        this.userDao3 = userDao3;
    }


    public void saveUser(){
        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(userDao);
        System.out.println(userDao2);
        System.out.println(userDao3);
        userDao.insertUser();
    }
    @PostConstruct
    public void init(){

        System.out.println("UserService.init()");
    }
    @PreDestroy
    public void des(){

        System.out.println("UserService.des()");
    }
}

 创建bean.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.anno"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

创建测试类：

package com.spring.anno;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestDemo {
    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception{
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        UserService userService = ac.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.saveUser();

    }
}

 

注解和xml混合

一般在开发中，习惯将目标类声明在配置文件中(xml配置)，用注解进行目标类中属性的依赖注入。注解注入不会自动生效。必须在配置文件中指定使注解注入生效。<context:annotation-config>

一般情况下：<context:component-scan>注解和<context:annotation-config>注解不会同时出现。

代码实现：

项目目录：

 

创建UserDao：

package com.spring.anno_xml;

public class UserDao {
    public void insertUser(){
        System.out.println("用户信息录入成功");
    }
}

创建UserService：

package com.spring.anno_xml;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


public class UserService {
    @Value("小明")
    private String name;
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
    private UserDao userDao2;
    private UserDao userDao3;



    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }


    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
    
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("userDao")
    public void setUserDao2(UserDao userDao2) {
        this.userDao2 = userDao2;
    }
    
    @Resource(name="userDao")
    public void setUserDao3(UserDao userDao3) {
        this.userDao3 = userDao3;
    }
    public void saveUser(){
        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(userDao);
        System.out.println(userDao2);
        System.out.println(userDao3);
        userDao.insertUser();
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void init(){
        System.out.println("UserService.init()");
    }
    @PreDestroy
    public void des(){
        System.out.println("UserService.des()");
    }
}

创建bean.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

        <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
        
        <bean id="userDao" class="com.spring.anno_xml.UserDao"></bean>
        
        <bean id="userService" class="com.spring.anno_xml.UserService"></bean>
</beans>

创建测试类：

package com.spring.anno_xml;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestDemo {
    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception{
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        UserService userService = ac.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.saveUser();
    }
}