OpenStack03-安装OpenStack
- 安装说明文档：https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/openstack-services.html
- 配置文件说明：https://docs.openstack.org/ocata/config-reference/
- 下载虚拟机镜像：https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/
1、准备基础虚拟机
1.1、安装服务器
1..1、虚拟机配置
- 内存：2G（越大越好）
- 处理器：2个（越多越好）
- 必须勾选虚拟化功能，否则openstack无法启动云主机。
- 网路适配器：2个
- 一个基于NAT
- 一个基于仅主机
1.1.2、设置网卡名称
- 在进入安装界面的时候把光标移动到Install CentOS7，按下tab键，在后面输入“net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0”回车即可。
1.1.2、安装配置
1.2、服务器配置
1.2.1、配置网络
1、配置eth0网卡（NAT）
- 能上网就行，有些选项删掉了
]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 TYPE="Ethernet" BOOTPROTO="static" #使用静态IP NAME="eth0" DEVICE="eth0" ONBOOT="yes" #在系统启动时激活网卡 IPADDR=10.1.1.222 #设置机器IP NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #设置网络掩码 GATEWAY=10.1.1.2 #设置网关IP DNS1=114.114.114.114 #设置DNS
2、配置eth1网卡（仅主机）
]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=static NAME=eth1 DEVICE=eth1 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.1.222 NETMASK=255.255.255.0
3、重启网络服务
]# systemctl restart network.service
4、查看网卡配置
1.2.2、修改hostname
]# vi /etc/hostname centos7
1.2.3、关闭防火墙、SELinux和NetworkManager
//关闭防火墙 ]# systemctl disable firewalld.service ]# systemctl stop firewalld.service //关闭SELinux ]# vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled ]# setenforce 0 //关闭NetworkManager ]# systemctl disable NetworkManager.service ]# systemctl stop NetworkManager.service
1.2.4、优化ssh
//修改sshd的配置文件 ]# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config PasswordAuthentication yes GSSAPIAuthentication no UseDNS no //重启sshd服务 ]# systemctl restart sshd
1.2.5、安装常用的基础命令
- 注意，不推荐使用epel源，因为可能会有不兼容的问题。
]# yum install vim tar zip unzip tree telnet lsof ntpdate tcpdump wget gcc gcc-c++ make python-devel pam-devel screen \
rsync psmisc lrzsz lsb nfs-utils openssl openssl-devel libevent libevent-devel iotop bc glibc glibc-devel bash-completion \
pcre pcre-devel zlib-devel net-tools libevent libevent-devel bc systemd-devel traceroute bridge-utils
1.2.5、同步时间
- 注意，OpenStack使用队列进行异步操作，对时间同步要求比较严格。
//(1)同步时间 ]# ntpdate time1.aliyun.com //(2)将系统时间写入硬件时钟 ]# hwclock -w //(3)设置同步时间的定时任务 ]# vim /var/spool/cron/root */30 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time1.aliyun.com && hwclock -w
1.2.6、关机做快照
- 后面所有需要的机器都会以该快照为基础进行创建。
]# poweroff
2、开始安装OpenStack
2.1、OpenStack的部署架构图
2.2、机器规划
- 使用上面的虚拟机模板创建5个虚拟机。
- 10.1.1.11：CentOSLinuxrelease7.7.1908(Core)，内存4G，CPU 2核。openstack控制节点
- 10.1.1.12：CentOSLinuxrelease7.7.1908(Core)，内存2G，CPU 2核。openstack计算节点
- 10.1.1.13：CentOSLinuxrelease7.7.1908(Core)，内存2G，CPU 2核。openstack计算节点
- 10.1.1.14：CentOSLinuxrelease7.7.1908(Core)，内存2G，CPU 2核。公共组件
- 10.1.1.15：CentOSLinuxrelease7.7.1908(Core)，内存2G，CPU 2核。高可用
- 在所有openstack节点添加hosts
]# vim /etc/hosts 10.1.1.15 openstack-haproxy-vip
3、启用OpenStack存储库
- 安装OpenStack，必须先在所有机器上安装OpenStack存储库。
1、查看可以使用的OpenStack存储库
//查看可以使用yum安装的OpenStack版本 ]# yum list centos-release-openstack* 可安装的软件包 centos-release-openstack-queens.noarch 1-2.el7.centos extras centos-release-openstack-rocky.noarch 1-1.el7.centos extras centos-release-openstack-stein.noarch 1-1.el7.centos extras centos-release-openstack-train.noarch 1-1.el7.centos extras
2、安装OpenStack存储库
]# yum install centos-release-openstack-train
3、安装RDO存储库，启用OpenStack存储库
]# yum install https://rdoproject.org/repos/rdo-release.rpm
4、安装haproxy
- 在10.1.1.15上安装haproxy。
1、安装haproxy
]# yum install haproxy
2、配置haproxy
//原文件仅保留global和defaults段，并追加一下内容
]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
listen haproxy-status
bind :18080
stats enable
stats uri /haproxystatus
stats auth admin:admin
stats admin if TRUE
stats realm Haproxy\ status
stats refresh 10s
stats hide-version
listen openstack-mysql-3306
bind 10.1.1.15:3306
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.14-3306 10.1.1.14:3306 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-rabbitmq-5672
bind 10.1.1.15:5672
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.14-5672 10.1.1.14:5672 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-memcached-11211
bind 10.1.1.15:11211
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.14-11211 10.1.1.14:11211 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-keystone-5000
bind 10.1.1.15:5000
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-5000 10.1.1.11:5000 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-glance-9292
bind 10.1.1.15:9292
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-9292 10.1.1.11:9292 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-placement-8778
bind 10.1.1.15:8778
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-8778 10.1.1.11:8778 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-nova-8774
bind 10.1.1.15:8774
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-8774 10.1.1.11:8774 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-nova-8775
bind 10.1.1.15:8775
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-8775 10.1.1.11:8775 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-neutron-9696
bind 10.1.1.15:9696
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-9696 10.1.1.11:9696 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-vnc-6080
bind 10.1.1.15:6080
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-6080 10.1.1.11:6080 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-dashboard-80
bind 10.1.1.15:80
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-80 10.1.1.11:80 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
listen openstack-cinder
bind 10.1.1.15:8776
mode tcp
server 10.1.1.11-8776 10.1.1.11:8776 check inter 3 fall 3 rise 5
3、启动haproxy
]# systemctl enable haproxy.service ]# systemctl start haproxy.service
5、安装OpenStack依赖的服务
- 在10.1.1.14上安装mysql、rabbitmq和memcached。
- 在安装mariadb、RabbitMQ和Memcached前，也要“启用OpenStack存储库”，这样这三个服务就可以使用由openstack yum源提供的rpm包了。
5.1、安装mariadb-server
1、安装mariadb-server
]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server
2、配置mariadb-server
]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf [mysqld] bind-address = 0.0.0.0 default-storage-engine = innodb innodb_file_per_table = on max_connections = 4096 collation-server = utf8_general_ci character-set-server = utf8
3、启动mariadb.service
]# systemctl enable mariadb.service ]# systemctl start mariadb.service
4、mariadb安全设置
]# mysql_secure_installation
5.2、安装RabbitMQ
1、安装RabbitMQ
]# yum install rabbitmq-server
2、启动RabbitMQ
]# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service ]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service
3、添加RabbitMQ用户
//(1)添加openstack用户 ]# rabbitmqctl add_user openstack openstack123 //(2)允许 openstack用户进行配置、写入和读取访问： ]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
4、开启RabbitMQ的管理页面
- 开启rabbitmq_management插件后，RabbitMQ会默认增加一个端口15672。
]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
5.3、安装Memcached
1、安装Memcached
]# yum install memcached
2、配置Memcached
]# vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached PORT="11211" USER="memcached" MAXCONN="1024" CACHESIZE="64" OPTIONS="-l 0.0.0.0,::1"
3、启动Memcached
]# systemctl enable memcached.service ]# systemctl start memcached.service
6、安装OpenStack的命令行工具
- 在10.1.1.11上安装openstack命令行工具（openstack控制节点）。
]# yum install python-openstackclient openstack-selinux
7、安装Keystone（Identity service）
- 在10.1.1.11上安装keystone（openstack控制节点）。
7.1、前提条件
-
创建MySQL用户
//(1)登录MySQL ]# mysql -u root -p //(2)创建MySQL数据库 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE keystone; //(3)创建MySQL用户，并授权 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone123';
7.2、安装和配置keystone
7.2.1、安装keystone
- 在安装openstack-keystone前，要“启用OpenStack存储库”，使用由openstack yum源提供的rpm包。
]# yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi python2-PyMySQL
7.2.2、配置keystone
- 配置要连接的数据库和
]# vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf //连接mysql [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone123@openstack-haproxy-vip/keystone //配置Fernet令牌（再次登录时，keystone会检查用户的令牌，而不是查询数据库） [token] provider = fernet
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置cinder openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone123@openstack-haproxy-vip/keystone openstack-config --set /etc/keystone/keystone.conf token provider fernet
7.2.3、初始化keystone数据库
- 会在keystone数据库中创建许多数据表。
]# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
7.2.4、创建Fernet令牌的key
- 这两个命令会分别在/etc/keystone/下创建一个目录用于存放key。
- 允许在另一个操作系统用户/组（user/group）下运行keystone。
//为Fernet令牌创建加密key ]# keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone //用于加密和解密凭据秘密的key。 ]# keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
7.2.5、初始化Keystone服务
//执行基本的引导过程 ]# keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password admin123 \ --bootstrap-admin-url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3/ \ --bootstrap-internal-url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3/ \ --bootstrap-public-url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3/ \ --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne
- 参数说明：
- --bootstrap-password OS_BOOTSTRAP_PASSWORD：bootstrap用户的密码
- --bootstrap-admin-url OS_BOOTSTRAP_ADMIN_URL：在keystone引导过程中，注册keystone的API（管理网络）。例如，http://127.0.0.1:5000/v3
- --bootstrap-internal-url OS_BOOTSTRAP_INTERNAL_URL：在keystone引导过程中，注册keystone的API（内部网络）。例如http://127.0.0.1:5000/v3
- --bootstrap-public-url OS_BOOTSTRAP_PUBLIC_URL：在keystone引导过程中，注册keystone的API（共有网络）。例如http://127.0.0.1:5000/v3
- --bootstrap-region-id OS_BOOTSTRAP_REGION_ID：初始的region_id端点将在keystone引导过程中放置。
7.3、配置Apache
1、修改apache的配置文件
- 配置选项ServerName指向控制器节点。
]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ServerName 10.1.1.11:80
2、创建wsgi-keystone.conf的连接
]# ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/
7.4、启动keystone
- keystone是一个htttpd程序。
1、启动apache
]# systemctl enable httpd.service ]# systemctl start httpd.service
2、测试Keystone的API
]# curl 10.1.1.11:5000
{"versions": {"values": [{"status": "stable", "updated": "2019-07-19T00:00:00Z", "media-types": [{"base": "application/json", "type": "application/vnd.openstack.identity-v3+json"}], "id": "v3.13", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:5000/v3/", "rel": "self"}]}]}}
]# curl openstack-haproxy-vip:5000
{"versions": {"values": [{"status": "stable", "updated": "2019-07-19T00:00:00Z", "media-types": [{"base": "application/json", "type": "application/vnd.openstack.identity-v3+json"}], "id": "v3.13", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3/", "rel": "self"}]}]}}
7.5、创建OpenStack客户端的认证脚本
1、创建OpenStack的管理帐户（admin）的认证脚本
- 认证脚本创建后，就可以执行openstack命令了（相当于kubectl）
//创建连接Keystone的认证脚本（这些值是keystone-manage bootstrap创建的默认值） ]# vim admin-openrc export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=admin123 export OS_AUTH_URL=http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
2、使用openstack命令
- 例如，查看用户信息。
//(1)加载环境变量 ]# source admin-openrc //(2)执行openstack命令 ]# openstack user list +----------------------------------+-------+ | ID | Name | +----------------------------------+-------+ | e0327c9801a845468c382d6c659bb659 | admin | +----------------------------------+-------+
3、验证用户“admin”的身份令牌
//(1)取消临时环境变量OS_AUTH_URL和OS_PASSWORD ]# unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD //(2)验证用户“admin”的身份令牌（要输入两次密码） ]# openstack token issue \ --os-auth-url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 \ --os-project-domain-name Default \ --os-user-domain-name Default \ --os-project-name admin \ --os-username admin
7.6、创建域、项目、用户和角色
7.5.1、创建域和项目（必须创建）
- 安装后续的组件时会使用域“default”和项目“service”。
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)创建默认域“default”（注意，默认域在“初始化Keystone”时已经创建了） ]# openstack domain create --description "The default domain" default //(3)创建项目“service” ]# openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service
7.5.2、创建测试账户（可以不创建）
1、创建域、项目、用户和角色
//(1)创建默认域“default”（注意，默认域在“初始化Keystone”时已经创建了） ]# openstack domain create --description "The default domain" default //(2)创建项目“myproject” ]# openstack project create --domain default --description "myproject Project" myproject //(3)创建用户“myuser” ]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt myuser //(4)创建角色“myrole” ]# openstack role create myrole //(5)将角色“myrole”添加（绑定）到myproject项目和myuser用户中 ]# openstack role add --project myproject --user myuser myrole
2、创建OpenStack的myuser帐户的认证脚本
//创建连接Keystone的认证脚本 ]# vim myuser-openrc export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_NAME=myproject export OS_USERNAME=myuser export OS_PASSWORD=myuser export OS_AUTH_URL=http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
3、使用myuser-openrc脚本
//(1)加载变量 ]# source myuser-openrc //(2)执行openstack命令 ]# openstack token issue
8、安装Glance（Image service）
- 下载镜像：https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/
- 在10.1.1.11上安装glance（openstack控制节点）。
8.1、前提条件
8.1.1、创建MySQL用户
//(1)登录MySQL ]# mysql -u root -p //(2)创建MySQL数据库 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance; //(3)创建MySQL用户，并授权 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'glance123';
8.1.2、创建glance服务的凭证
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)在Keystone上创建Glance用户 ]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance //(3)将角色“admin”添加（绑定）到项目“service”和用户“glance”中 ]# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
8.1.3、创建glance服务实体及注册API
//(1)创建glance服务实体（用于注册后端服务器，相当于k8s的service name） ]# openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image //(2)注册glance服务的API（相当于k8s的pod） ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292
8.2、安装和配置glance
8.2.1、安装和配置glance
]# yum install openstack-glance python2-PyMySQL python-memcached
8.2.2、配置glance
- “password = glance”是在Keystone上创建的Glance用户的密码，而不是mysql的密码。
]# vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf //配置数据库连接 [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance123@openstack-haproxy-vip/glance //配置存储镜像 [glance_store] stores = file,http default_store = file filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/ //配置keystone认证 [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 memcached_servers = openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = glance password = glance [paste_deploy] flavor = keystone
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置glance-api openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://glance:glance123@openstack-haproxy-vip/glance openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store stores file,http openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store default_store file openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store filesystem_store_datadir /var/lib/glance/images/ openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken username glance openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken password glance openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf paste_deploy flavor keystone
8.2.3、初始化glance数据库
]# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
8.3、启动glance
1、启动glance
]# systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service ]# systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service
2、测试Glance的API
- 测试端口时，有数据返回即可。
]# curl 10.1.1.11:9292
{"versions": [{"status": "CURRENT", "id": "v2.9", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.7", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.6", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.5", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.4", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.3", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.2", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.1", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.0", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}]}
]# curl openstack-haproxy-vip:9292
{"versions": [{"status": "CURRENT", "id": "v2.9", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.7", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.6", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.5", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.4", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.3", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.2", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.1", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}, {"status": "SUPPORTED", "id": "v2.0", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292/v2/", "rel": "self"}]}]}
8.4、验证
1、下载镜像
]# wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img
2、上传镜像
]# glance image-create --name "cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk" \ --file cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img \ --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \ --visibility public
3、查看镜像
//查看镜像在数据库中的信息 ]# glance image-list +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+ | ID | Name | +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+ | f41326c0-bc66-4d15-922f-780234caf33d | cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk | +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+ //查看镜像在存储上的信息 ]# ls -l /var/lib/glance/images/ -rw-r----- 1 glance glance 12716032 2月 25 17:05 f41326c0-bc66-4d15-922f-780234caf33d
9、安装Placement
- 在10.1.1.11上安装placement（openstack控制节点）。
9.1、前提条件
9.1.1、创建MySQL用户
//(1)登录MySQL ]# mysql -u root -p //(2)创建MySQL数据库 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE placement; //(3)创建MySQL用户，并授权 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'placement123';
9.1.2、创建placement服务的凭证
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)在Keystone上创建placement用户 ]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement //(3)将角色“admin”添加（绑定）到项目“service”和用户“placement”中 ]# openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
9.1.3、创建placement服务实体及注册API
//(1)创建placement服务实体（用于注册后端服务器，相当于k8s的service name） ]# openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement //(2)注册placement服务的API（相当于k8s的pod） ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8778 ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8778 ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8778
9.2、安装和配置placement
9.2.1、安装placement
]# yum install openstack-placement-api python2-PyMySQL python-memcached
9.2.2、配置placement
- “password = placement”是在Keystone上创建的placement用户的密码，而不是mysql的密码。
]# vim /etc/placement/placement.conf //配置数据库连接 [placement_database] connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:placement123@openstack-haproxy-vip/placement //配置keystone认证 [api] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 memcached_servers = openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = placement password = placement
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置placement openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf placement_database connection mysql+pymysql://placement:placement123@openstack-haproxy-vip/placement openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf api auth_strategy keystone openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken username placement openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken password placement
9.2.3、初始化placement数据库
- 忽略此输出中的任何弃用消息。
]# su -s /bin/sh -c "placement-manage db sync" placement
9.2.4、配置httpd
- 请在httpd中追加改段配置，否则在请求8778端口时会报错：AH01630: client denied by server configuration: /usr/bin/placement-api
//在00-placement-api.conf配置文件中追加
]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-placement-api.conf
<Directory /usr/bin/>
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
Require all granted
</IfVersion>
<IfVersion < 2.4>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</IfVersion>
</Directory>
9.3、启动placement
- placement是一个htttpd程序。
1、重启httpd
- placement会在httpd的配置目录添加一个配置文件/etc/httpd/conf.d/00-placement-api.conf
]# systemctl restart httpd
2、测试Placement的API
- 测试端口时，有数据返回即可。
]# curl 10.1.1.11:8778
{"versions": [{"status": "CURRENT", "min_version": "1.0", "max_version": "1.36", "id": "v1.0", "links": [{"href": "", "rel": "self"}]}]}
]# curl openstack-haproxy-vip:8778
{"versions": [{"status": "CURRENT", "min_version": "1.0", "max_version": "1.36", "id": "v1.0", "links": [{"href": "", "rel": "self"}]}]}
9.4、验证
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)检查状态 ]# placement-status upgrade check +----------------------------------+ | Upgrade Check Results | +----------------------------------+ | Check: Missing Root Provider IDs | | Result: Success | | Details: None | +----------------------------------+ | Check: Incomplete Consumers | | Result: Success | | Details: None | +----------------------------------+
10、安装nova（控制节点）
- 在10.1.1.11上安装nova（openstack控制节点）。
10.1、前提条件
10.1.1、创建MySQL用户
//(1)登录MySQL ]# mysql -u root -p //(2)创建数据库 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api; MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova; MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0; //(3)创建mysql用户，并授权（注意，这里只有一个MySQL用户） MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova123'; MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova123'; MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova123';
10.1.2、创建nova服务的凭证
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)在Keystone上创建nova用户 ]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova //(3)将角色“admin”添加（绑定）到项目“service”和用户“nova”中 ]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
10.1.3、创建nova服务实体及注册API
//(1)创建nova服务实体（用于注册后端服务器，相当于k8s的service name） ]# openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute //(2)注册nova服务的API（相当于k8s的pod） ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8774/v2.1 ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8774/v2.1 ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8774/v2.1
10.2、安装和配置nova
10.2.1、安装nova
]# yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler python2-PyMySQL python-memcached
10.2.2、配置nova
]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf //仅启用计算和元数据 API //连接RabbitMQ //启用对网络服务的支持 [DEFAULT] enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip:5672/ use_neutron = true firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver //连接MySQL [api_database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:nova123@openstack-haproxy-vip/nova_api [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:nova123@openstack-haproxy-vip/nova //配置keystone认证 [api] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/ auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/ memcached_servers = openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = nova password = nova //启用VNC（本机IP地址） [vnc] enabled = true server_listen = 10.1.1.11 server_proxyclient_address = 10.1.1.11 //连接镜像服务 [glance] api_servers = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 //锁文件 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp //连接placement [placement] region_name = RegionOne project_domain_name = Default project_name = service auth_type = password user_domain_name = Default auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 username = placement password = placement
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT enabled_apis osapi_compute,metadata openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip:5672/ openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT use_neutron true openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT firewall_driver nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api_database connection mysql+pymysql://nova:nova123@openstack-haproxy-vip/nova_api openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://nova:nova123@openstack-haproxy-vip/nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api auth_strategy keystone openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/ openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/ openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken username nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken password nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc enabled true openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_listen 10.1.1.11 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_proxyclient_address 10.1.1.11 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf glance api_servers http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/nova/tmp openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement region_name RegionOne openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement user_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement username placement openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement password placement
10.2.3、初始化数据库
//(1)初始化nova-api数据库 ]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova //(2)注册cell0数据库 ]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova //(3)创建cell1单元格 ]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova //(4)初始化nova数据库（忽略告警信息） ]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova //(5)验证cell0和cell1是否正确注册 ]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova +-------+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+----------+ | 名称 | UUID | Transport URL | 数据库连接 | Disabled | +-------+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+----------+ | cell0 | 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 | none:/ | mysql+pymysql://nova:****@openstack-haproxy-vip/nova_cell0 | False | | cell1 | 8877bcdd-2555-4e66-be12-154dcba5bb3b | rabbit://openstack:****@openstack-haproxy-vip:5672/ | mysql+pymysql://nova:****@openstack-haproxy-vip/nova | False | +-------+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+----------+
10.3、启动nova
1、启动nova
]# systemctl enable \
openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
]# systemctl start \
openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
2、测试nova的API
]# curl 10.1.1.11:8774
{"versions": [{"status": "SUPPORTED", "updated": "2011-01-21T11:33:21Z", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:8774/v2/", "rel": "self"}], "min_version": "", "version": "", "id": "v2.0"}, {"status": "CURRENT", "updated": "2013-07-23T11:33:21Z", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:8774/v2.1/", "rel": "self"}], "min_version": "2.1", "version": "2.79", "id": "v2.1"}]}
]# curl openstack-haproxy-vip:8774
{"versions": [{"status": "SUPPORTED", "updated": "2011-01-21T11:33:21Z", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8774/v2/", "rel": "self"}], "min_version": "", "version": "", "id": "v2.0"}, {"status": "CURRENT", "updated": "2013-07-23T11:33:21Z", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8774/v2.1/", "rel": "self"}], "min_version": "2.1", "version": "2.79", "id": "v2.1"}]}
11、安装nova（计算节点）
- 在10.1.1.12上安装nova（openstack计算节点）。
11.1、安装和配置nova
11.1.1、安装nova
]# yum install openstack-nova-compute python-memcached
11.1.2、配置nova
]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf //仅启用计算和元数据 API //连接RabbitMQ //启用对网络服务的支持 [DEFAULT] enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip use_neutron = true firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver //配置keystone认证 [api] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/ auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/ memcached_servers = openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = nova password = nova //启用VNC（server_proxyclient_address是本机IP地址，novncproxy_base_url是管理节点的IP地址） [vnc] enabled = true server_listen = 0.0.0.0 server_proxyclient_address = 10.1.1.12 novncproxy_base_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:6080/vnc_auto.html //连接镜像服务 [glance] api_servers = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 //锁文件 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp //连接placement [placement] region_name = RegionOne project_domain_name = Default project_name = service auth_type = password user_domain_name = Default auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 username = placement password = placement
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT enabled_apis osapi_compute,metadata openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT use_neutron true openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT firewall_driver nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api auth_strategy keystone openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/ openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/ openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken username nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken password nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc enabled true openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_listen 0.0.0.0 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_proxyclient_address 10.1.1.12 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc novncproxy_base_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:6080/vnc_auto.html openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf glance api_servers http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/nova/tmp openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement region_name RegionOne openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement user_domain_name Default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement username placement openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement password placement
11.1.3、验证计算节点是否支持虚拟机的硬件加速
]# egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
- 如果返回值是0，即计算节点不支持硬件加速，并且必须配置libvirt以使用QEMU而不是KVM。
- 注意，如果在创建虚拟机实例时在/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log中报错：Unexpected build failure, not rescheduling build.: UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe5 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)，也要进行如下修改。
]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [libvirt] virt_type = qemu
11.2、启动nova
]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service ]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
- 注意：忽略该报错，因为使用的时KVM，而不是AMD SEV。
2023-02-21 01:59:20.737 2826 INFO nova.virt.libvirt.host [req-57f0fbfc-6503-4030-ba2c-1a94cbdf5e45 - - - - -] kernel doesn't support AMD SEV
11.3、将计算节点添加到cell0数据库
- 每次添加新的计算节点时，都在控制节点上手动执行发现计算节点的命令。
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)查看计算机节点是否注册到了数据库 ]# openstack compute service list --service nova-compute +----+--------------+----------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | ID | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At | +----+--------------+----------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | 7 | nova-compute | hengha72 | nova | enabled | up | 2023-02-25T10:08:01.000000 | +----+--------------+----------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ //(3)发现计算节点 ]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova Found 2 cell mappings. Skipping cell0 since it does not contain hosts. Getting computes from cell 'cell1': 8877bcdd-2555-4e66-be12-154dcba5bb3b Checking host mapping for compute host 'hengha72': 14908fd7-b94b-47ff-be74-4cb69d0f6e7c Creating host mapping for compute host 'hengha72': 14908fd7-b94b-47ff-be74-4cb69d0f6e7c Found 1 unmapped computes in cell: 8877bcdd-2555-4e66-be12-154dcba5bb3b
- 或修改控制节点的配置文件，设置适当的间隔，进行自动发现计算节点。
- 每隔5m进行一次自动发现计算节点。
]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [scheduler] discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300
11.4、验证
- 在openstack的控制节点上进行验证。
1、source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone
]# source admin-openrc
2、列出服务组件，以验证是否成功启动和注册
- 控制节点上启用了两个业务组件，计算节点上启用了一个业务组件。
]# openstack compute service list +----+----------------+----------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | ID | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At | +----+----------------+----------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | 1 | nova-conductor | hengha71 | internal | enabled | up | 2023-02-25T10:15:42.000000 | | 5 | nova-scheduler | hengha71 | internal | enabled | up | 2023-02-25T10:15:43.000000 | | 7 | nova-compute | hengha72 | nova | enabled | up | 2023-02-25T10:15:41.000000 | +----+----------------+----------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
3、列出身份（Identity）服务中的API，以验证与Identity服务的连通性
]# openstack catalog list +-----------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Type | Endpoints | +-----------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------+ | glance | image | RegionOne | | | | internal: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 | | | | RegionOne | | | | admin: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 | | | | RegionOne | | | | public: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 | | | | | | nova | compute | RegionOne | | | | public: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8774/v2.1 | | | | RegionOne | | | | internal: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8774/v2.1 | | | | RegionOne | | | | admin: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8774/v2.1 | | | | | | placement | placement | RegionOne | | | | internal: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8778 | | | | RegionOne | | | | admin: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8778 | | | | RegionOne | | | | public: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8778 | | | | | | keystone | identity | RegionOne | | | | admin: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3/ | | | | RegionOne | | | | internal: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3/ | | | | RegionOne | | | | public: http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000/v3/ | | | | | +-----------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------+
4、检查单元格和放置API是否成功工作，以及其他必要的先决条件是否到位
]# nova-status upgrade check +--------------------------------+ | Upgrade Check Results | +--------------------------------+ | Check: Cells v2 | | Result: Success | | Details: None | +--------------------------------+ | Check: Placement API | | Result: Success | | Details: None | +--------------------------------+ | Check: Ironic Flavor Migration | | Result: Success | | Details: None | +--------------------------------+ | Check: Cinder API | | Result: Success | | Details: None | +--------------------------------+
12、安装neutron（控制节点）
- 在10.1.1.11上安装neutron（openstack控制节点）。
12.1、前提条件
12.1.1、创建MySQL用户
//(1)登录MySQL ]# mysql -u root -p //(2)创建数据库 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE neutron; //(3)创建mysql用户，并授权（注意，这里只有一个MySQL用户） MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron123';
12.1.2、创建neutron服务的凭证
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)在Keystone上创建neutron用户 ]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron //(3)将角色“admin”添加（绑定）到项目“service”和用户“neutron”中 ]# openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
12.1.3、创建neutron服务实体及注册API
//(1)创建neutron服务实体（用于注册后端服务器，相当于k8s的service name） ]# openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network //(2)注册neutron服务的API（相当于k8s的pod） ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9696 ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9696 ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9696
12.2、安装和配置neutron（Provider networks）
12.2.1、安装neutron
]# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables python2-PyMySQL python-memcached
12.2.2、配置各服务组件
- 配置文件说明：https://docs.openstack.org/ocata/config-reference/networking/samples/
1、配置neutron
]# vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf //启用 Modular Layer 2 (ML2) 插件并禁用其他插件 //连接RabbitMQ //使用keystone进行认证 //配置Networking以通知Compute网络拓扑更改 [DEFAULT] core_plugin = ml2 service_plugins = transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip auth_strategy = keystone notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true //连接MySQL [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:neutron123@openstack-haproxy-vip/neutron //连接keystone [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 memcached_servers = openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron //连接nova（没有就追加到文件的最后） [nova] auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = nova password = nova //锁文件 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置neutron openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT core_plugin ml2 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT service_plugins openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT auth_strategy keystone openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT notify_nova_on_port_status_changes true openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT notify_nova_on_port_data_changes true openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://neutron:neutron123@openstack-haproxy-vip/neutron openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken username neutron openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken password neutron openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/neutron/tmp openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova project_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova user_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova region_name RegionOne openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova username nova openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf nova password nova
2、第2层网络插件（ML2）
- (1)修改ml2_conf.ini配置文件
]# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini //启用平面和 VLAN 网络 //禁用自助服务网络 //启用 Linux 桥接机制 //启用端口安全扩展驱动程序 [ml2] type_drivers = flat,vlan tenant_network_types = mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge extension_drivers = port_security //将提供者虚拟网络配置为平面网络（自定义网络名称） [ml2_type_flat] flat_networks = providerhengha //启用ipset以提高安全组规则的效率（关闭安全组，改为false） [securitygroup] enable_ipset = true
-
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置nova openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2 type_drivers flat,vlan openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2 tenant_network_types openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2 mechanism_drivers linuxbridge openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2 extension_drivers port_security openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini ml2_type_flat flat_networks providerhengha openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini securitygroup enable_ipset true
- (2)网络服务初始化需要使用插件
]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
3、配置Linux网桥代理
- (1)配置linuxbridge_agent.ini文件
]# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini //将提供商虚拟网络映射到提供商物理网络接口（自定义网络名称:网卡名） [linux_bridge] physical_interface_mappings = providerhengha:eth0 //禁用VXLAN覆盖网络 [vxlan] enable_vxlan = false //启用安全组并配置 Linux bridge iptables 防火墙驱动程序（关闭安全组，改为false） [securitygroup] enable_security_group = true firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置linuxbridge_agent openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini linux_bridge physical_interface_mappings providerhengha:eth0 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vxlan enable_vxlan false openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini securitygroup enable_security_group true openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini securitygroup firewall_driver neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
- (2)Linux操作系统内核支持网桥过滤器
//(1)设置内核参数 ]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 //(2)使设置的内核参数生效 ]# modprobe br_netfilter ]# sysctl -p
4、配置DHCP代理
]# vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini [DEFAULT] interface_driver = linuxbridge dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq enable_isolated_metadata = true
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置dhcp_agent openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini DEFAULT interface_driver linuxbridge openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini DEFAULT dhcp_driver neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini DEFAULT enable_isolated_metadata true
5、配置元数据代理
- nova会通过这里的配置连接到neutron上，并获取各节点的元信息（通过nova的8775端口）。
]# vim /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini //配置元数据主机 //共享密钥 [DEFAULT] nova_metadata_host = openstack-haproxy-vip metadata_proxy_shared_secret = hengha123
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置metadata_agen openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini DEFAULT nova_metadata_host openstack-haproxy-vip openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini DEFAULT metadata_proxy_shared_secret hengha123
6、配置nova（Compute service）以使用网络服务
- (1)修改nova.conf配置文件
- nova会通过这里的配置连接到neutron上。
]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [neutron] auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron service_metadata_proxy = true metadata_proxy_shared_secret = hengha123
-
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron project_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron user_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron region_name RegionOne openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron username neutron openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron password neutron openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron service_metadata_proxy true openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron metadata_proxy_shared_secret hengha123
- (2)重启nova-api服务
]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
12.2.3、初始化数据库
]# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \ --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
12.3、启动neutron
1、启动neutron
]# systemctl enable neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service \
neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service
]# systemctl start neutron-server.service neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service \
neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service
2、测试neutron的API
]# curl 10.1.1.11:9696
{"versions": [{"status": "CURRENT", "id": "v2.0", "links": [{"href": "http://10.1.1.11:9696/v2.0/", "rel": "self"}]}]}
]# curl openstack-haproxy-vip:9696
{"versions": [{"status": "CURRENT", "id": "v2.0", "links": [{"href": "http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9696/v2.0/", "rel": "self"}]}]}
13、安装neutron（计算节点）
- 在10.1.1.12上安装neutron（openstack计算节点）。
13.1、安装和配置neutron（Provider networks）
13.1.1、安装neutron
]# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables python-memcached
13.1.2、配置各服务组件
1、配置neutron
]# vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf //连接RabbitMQ //使用keystone进行认证 [DEFAULT] transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip auth_strategy = keystone //连接keystone [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 memcached_servers = openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron //锁文件 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置neutron openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf DEFAULT auth_strategy keystone openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken username neutron openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf keystone_authtoken password neutron openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/neutron.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/neutron/tmp
2、配置Linux网桥代理
- (1)配置linuxbridge_agent.ini文件
]# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini //将提供商虚拟网络映射到提供商物理网络接口（自定义网络名称:网卡名） [linux_bridge] physical_interface_mappings = providerhengha:eth0 //禁用VXLAN覆盖网络 [vxlan] enable_vxlan = false //启用安全组并配置 Linux bridge iptables 防火墙驱动程序（关闭安全组，改为false） [securitygroup] enable_security_group = true firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
-
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置linuxbridge_agent openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini linux_bridge physical_interface_mappings providerhengha:eth0 openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vxlan enable_vxlan false openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini securitygroup enable_security_group true openstack-config --set /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini securitygroup firewall_driver neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
- (2)Linux操作系统内核支持网桥过滤器
//(1)设置内核参数 ]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 //(2)使设置的内核参数生效 ]# modprobe br_netfilter ]# sysctl -p
3、配置nova（Compute service）以使用网络服务
- (1)修改nova.conf配置文件
]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [neutron] auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron
-
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron project_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron user_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron region_name RegionOne openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron username neutron openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf neutron password neutron
- (2)重启nova-compute服务
]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
13.2、启动neutron
]# systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service ]# systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
13.3、验证
- 在openstack的控制节点上进行验证。
]# openstack network agent list +--------------------------------------+--------------------+----------+-------------------+-------+-------+---------------------------+ | ID | Agent Type | Host | Availability Zone | Alive | State | Binary | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+----------+-------------------+-------+-------+---------------------------+ | 15d67ad8-db15-47dc-ad14-592e34257195 | Linux bridge agent | hengha72 | None | :-) | UP | neutron-linuxbridge-agent | | 1a20c08b-e8c2-4372-b43b-8e74f2364553 | DHCP agent | hengha71 | nova | :-) | UP | neutron-dhcp-agent | | 8f9c88f5-fe67-497c-b005-69c060616327 | Linux bridge agent | hengha71 | None | :-) | UP | neutron-linuxbridge-agent | | 983a0601-add8-4437-9be2-2038e5255b97 | Metadata agent | hengha71 | None | :-) | UP | neutron-metadata-agent | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+----------+-------------------+-------+-------+---------------------------+
14、启动一个虚拟机实例
- 在10.1.1.11上创建虚拟机实例（openstack控制节点）。
14.1、创建虚拟网络（Provider networks）
1、source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone
]# source admin-openrc
2、创建一个虚拟网路
//在物理网络“providerhengha”上创建一个虚拟网路“providerhengha-net”
]# openstack network create --share --external --provider-physical-network providerhengha \
--provider-network-type flat providerhengha-net
- --share：允许所有project（项目）使用虚拟网络。
- --external：将虚拟网络定义为外部网络。默认是内部网络--internal
- --provider-physical-network provider和--provider-network-type flat：将平面虚拟网络连接到主机的eth0接口上的物理网络。
3、在虚拟网路中创建一个子网
]# openstack subnet create --network providerhengha-net --dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114 --gateway 10.1.1.2 \ --allocation-pool start=10.1.1.100,end=10.1.1.200 --subnet-range 10.1.1.0/24 providerhengha-net-sub
- --dns-nameserver：子网的DNS。
- --gateway：子网的网关。
- --allocation-pool start=<ip-address>,end=<ip-address>：子网的IP地址池
- --subnet-range：子网的网络(如果没有指定--allocation-pool则为必选项，否则为可选项)
14.2、创建虚拟机
14.2.1、创建实例类型m1.nano
]# openstack flavor create --id 0 --vcpus 1 --ram 64 --disk 1 m1.nano
- --ram <size-mb>：内存大小，单位是MB(default 256M)
- --disk <size-gb>：磁盘大小，单位是GB(default 0G)
- --vcpus <vcpus>：CPU数量(default 1)
14.2.2、创建ssh的密钥对
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)创建ssh的密钥对 ]# ssh-keygen -q -N "" ]# openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | fingerprint | 26:23:12:e3:af:2b:a4:c9:3f:2c:74:1e:ff:17:bd:31 | | name | mykey | | user_id | e0327c9801a845468c382d6c659bb659 | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ //(3)查看ssh密钥对 ]# openstack keypair list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Fingerprint | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | mykey | 26:23:12:e3:af:2b:a4:c9:3f:2c:74:1e:ff:17:bd:31 | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+
14.2.3、添加安全组规则
- 默认情况下，默认安全组（default security group ）应用于所有实例，包括拒绝远程访问实例的防火墙规则。对于CirrOS之类的Linux映像，建议至少允许ICMP (ping)和安全shell (SSH)。
//允许ping ]# openstack security group rule create --proto icmp default //允许SSH ]# openstack security group rule create --proto tcp --dst-port 22 default
14.2.4、创建虚拟机
1、查看创建虚拟机需要的信息
//(1)查看虚拟机实例类型 ]# openstack flavor list +----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public | +----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | 0 | m1.nano | 64 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True | +----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ //(2)查看网络 ]# openstack network list +--------------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Subnets | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------------------------+ | 9832ff03-522a-47bf-9cff-af6c26f57160 | providerhengha-net | bc465b01-8050-4ad6-80ce-26ee215a4b29 | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+--------------------------------------+ //(3)查看安全组 ]# openstack security group list +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+----------------------------------+------+ | ID | Name | Description | Project | Tags | +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+----------------------------------+------+ | 88bc5f13-26b9-447e-b843-13bd7e43711a | default | 缺省安全组 | b2bd23da7eba40a0986b616a8b52341b | [] | +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+----------------------------------+------+ //(4)查看镜像 ]# openstack image list +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+--------+ | f41326c0-bc66-4d15-922f-780234caf33d | cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk | active | +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+--------+ //(5)查看ssh密钥对 ]# openstack keypair list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Fingerprint | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | mykey | 26:23:12:e3:af:2b:a4:c9:3f:2c:74:1e:ff:17:bd:31 | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+
2、创建虚拟机
]# openstack server create --flavor m1.nano --nic net-id=9832ff03-522a-47bf-9cff-af6c26f57160 \
--security-group default --image cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk --key-name mykey hengha-cirros-01
3、查看虚拟机状态
]# openstack server list +--------------------------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+---------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+---------+ | 41e74a8b-e046-4f19-8af3-694f4cf1adbe | hengha-cirros-01 | ACTIVE | providerhengha-net=10.1.1.108 | cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk | m1.nano | +--------------------------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+---------+
- 使用ssh访问该虚拟机
4、使用虚拟控制台访问实例
- 获取虚拟网络计算(VNC)会话URL，并从web浏览器访问它。
]# openstack console url show hengha-cirros-01 +-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | type | novnc | | url | http://openstack-haproxy-vip:6080/vnc_auto.html?path=%3Ftoken%3D0260ab2f-d25a-42dc-b106-c7438a1cb84c | +-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
- 使用url访问该虚拟机
15、扩容控制和计算节点
1、扩容控制节点
- 除了不进行数据库初始化外，其他全部一样。
2、扩容计算节点
- 全部一样。
16、安装dashboard
- 在10.1.1.11上安装dashboard（openstack控制节点）。
16.1、安装和配置dashboard
16.1.1、安装dashboard
]# yum install openstack-dashboard python-memcached
16.1.2、配置dashboard
1、配置local_settings文件
]# vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
//配置dashboard的所在机器的IP，启用Identity API版本3。
OPENSTACK_HOST = "openstack-haproxy-vip"
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST
//允许访问的域名列表
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['10.1.1.11', 'openstack-haproxy-vip']
//配置memcached
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
CACHES = {
'default': {
'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
'LOCATION': 'openstack-haproxy-vip:11211',
}
}
//启用域
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
//配置各API的版本
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
"identity": 3,
"image": 2,
"volume": 3,
}
//配置登录dashboard时，默认的域
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default"
//配置登录dashboard时，默认的角色（role）
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
//如果是提供者网络，请关闭对三层组网的支持。
OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
'enable_router': False,
'enable_quotas': False,
'enable_distributed_router': False,
'enable_ha_router': False,
'enable_lb': False,
'enable_firewall': False,
'enable_vpn': False,
'enable_fip_topology_check': False,
}
//配置时区
TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"
2、配置openstack-dashboard.conf文件
]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
16.2、启动dashboard
- dashboard是一个htttpd程序。
1、启动前必须指明WEBROOT
]# vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings WEBROOT = '/dashboard'
2、启动httpd
]# systemctl restart httpd.service
16.3、使用dashboard
16.3.1、登录dashboard
16.3.2、创建虚拟机实例类型
- 1C-512MB-20G：1C是cup数量，512MB是内存空间，20G是磁盘空间。
16.3.4、上传镜像
16.3.5、创建虚拟机
1、虚拟机名称和数量
2、选择虚拟机镜像
3、选择虚拟机实例类型
4、选择虚拟网路
5、选择安全组
17、安装cinder（控制节点）
- 在10.1.1.11上安装cinder控制节点（openstack控制节点）。
17.1、前提条件
17.1.1、创建MySQL用户
//(1)登录MySQL
]# mysql -u root -p
//(2)创建数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE cinder;
//(3)创建mysql用户，并授权（注意，这里只有一个MySQL用户）
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'cinder123';
17.1.2、创建cinder服务的凭证
//(1)source admin凭据以管理员身份访问的Keystone ]# source admin-openrc //(2)在Keystone上创建cinder用户 ]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder //(3)将角色“admin”添加（绑定）到项目“service”和用户“cinder”中 ]# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin
17.1.3、创建cinder服务实体及注册API
//(1)创建cinder服务实体（用于注册后端服务器，相当于k8s的service name） ]# openstack service create --name cinderv2 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2 ]# openstack service create --name cinderv3 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3 //(2)注册cinder服务的API（相当于k8s的pod） ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 public http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 admin http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 public http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 internal http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s ]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 admin http://openstack-haproxy-vip:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
17.2、安装和配置cinder
10.2.1、安装cinder
]# yum install openstack-cinder python2-PyMySQL python-memcached
17.2.2、配置各服务组件
1、配置cinder
]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [DEFAULT] //连接RabbitMQ transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip //使用keystone进行认证 auth_strategy = keystone //控制节点的管理接口（IP地址） my_ip = 10.1.1.11 //连接MySQL [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder123@openstack-haproxy-vip/cinder //设置连接keystone的信息 [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 memcached_servers = openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = cinder password = cinder //锁文件 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT auth_strategy keystone openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT my_ip 10.1.1.11 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder123@openstack-haproxy-vip/cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken username cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken password cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/cinder/tmp
2、配置nova
]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [cinder] os_region_name = RegionOne
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置nova openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf cinder os_region_name RegionOne
17.2.3、初始化数据库
]# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
17.2、启动cinder
]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service ]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
18、安装cinder（储存节点）
- 在10.1.1.15上安装cinder存储节点（任意其他机器）。
18.1、安装和配置cinder
18.1.1、安装cinder
]# yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone python2-PyMySQL python-memcached
18.1.2、配置cinder
]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [DEFAULT] //使用keystone进行认证 auth_strategy = keystone //连接RabbitMQ transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip //连接glance glance_api_servers = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 //存储节点的IP地址 my_ip = 10.1.1.15 //启用后端存储块，后端名称是自定义的 enabled_backends = storage_name //连接mysql [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder123@openstack-haproxy-vip/cinder //设置连接keystone的信息 [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 auth_url = http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 memcached_servers = openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = cinder password = cinder //锁文件 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT auth_strategy keystone openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:openstack123@openstack-haproxy-vip openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT glance_api_servers http://openstack-haproxy-vip:9292 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT my_ip 10.1.1.15 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT enabled_backends storage_name openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder123@openstack-haproxy-vip/cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://openstack-haproxy-vip:5000 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers openstack-haproxy-vip:11211 openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name default openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken username cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf keystone_authtoken password cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/cinder/tmp
18.2、启动cinder
]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service ]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
18.3、对接LVM
18.3.1、创建LVM存储卷
- 在cinder存储节点上创建LVM存储卷
1、在cinder存储节点上添加两块磁盘
//(1)添加两个磁盘：5G和10G //(2)重新扫描SCSI总线添加设备 ]# echo '- - -' >/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan //(3)查看新的添加的磁盘 ]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 128.8 GB, 128849018880 bytes, 251658240 sectors Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 4196351 2097152 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 * 4196352 251658239 123730944 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
2、安装工具
]# yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data
3、启动lvm2-lvmetad服务
]# systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service ]# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
4、创建LVM物理卷
]# pvcreate /dev/sdb ]# pvcreate /dev/sdc
5、创建LVM卷组
]# vgcreate cinder-ssd /dev/sdb ]# vgcreate cinder-sata /dev/sdc
6、查看LVM信息
//查看物理卷 ]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sdb cinder-ssd lvm2 a-- <5.00g <5.00g /dev/sdc cinder-sata lvm2 a-- <10.00g <10.00g //查看卷组 ]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree cinder-sata 1 0 0 wz--n- <10.00g <10.00g cinder-ssd 1 0 0 wz--n- <5.00g <5.00g //查看逻辑卷（由openstack创建，此时为空） ]# lvs
18.3.2、cinder对接LVM
1、修改lvm.conf
- 添加过滤器："a/sdb/"表示要允许的，"r/.*/"表示拒绝剩余的
//在devices段中添加
]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf
devices {
filter = [ "a/sdb/", "a/sdc/","r/.*/"]
}
2、配置cinder.conf
]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [DEFAULT] //启用后端存储块，后端名称是自定义的（段落名称） enabled_backends = ssd,sata [ssd] //驱动程序 volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver //LVM的卷组名称 volume_group = cinder-ssd //存储协议 target_protocol = iscsi target_helper = lioadm //openstack中的卷类型 volume_backend_name = ssd [sata] volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver volume_group = cinder-sata target_protocol = iscsi target_helper = lioadm volume_backend_name = sata
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT enabled_backends ssd,sata openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ssd volume_driver cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ssd volume_group cinder-ssd openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ssd target_protocol iscsi openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ssd target_helper lioadm openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ssd volume_backend_name ssd openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf sata volume_driver cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf sata volume_group cinder-sata openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf sata target_protocol iscsi openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf sata target_helper lioadm openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf sata volume_backend_name sata
3、重启cinder
]# systemctl restart openstack-cinder-volume.service
- 重启cinder后，重新登录dashboard可以看到管理页面上多了个标题“卷”
4、验证
]# openstack volume service list ]# openstack volume service list +------------------+---------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At | +------------------+---------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | cinder-scheduler | centos71 | nova | enabled | up | 2023-03-05T10:52:22.000000 | | cinder-volume | centos75@ssd | nova | enabled | up | 2023-03-05T10:52:25.000000 | | cinder-volume | centos75@sata | nova | enabled | up | 2023-03-05T10:52:25.000000 | +------------------+---------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
18.4、对接NFS
18.4.1创建NFS服务器
- 在10.1.1.14上安装NFS（任意其他机器）。
1、安装nfs
]# yum install nfs-utils rpcbind
2、配置nfs
]# vim /etc/exports /data/ 10.1.1.0/24(rw,async,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
3、启动nfs
- 先启动rpcbind.service，再启动nfs.service。
]# systemctl enable rpcbind.service ]# systemctl enable nfs.service ]# systemctl start rpcbind.service ]# systemctl start nfs.service
18.3.2、cinder对接NFS
1、查看nfs服务器共享的目录
]# showmount -e 10.1.1.14 Export list for 10.1.1.14: /data/ 10.1.1.0/24
2、配置cinder.conf
]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [DEFAULT] enabled_backends = sata,ssd,nfs [nfs] volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.nfs.NfsDriver nfs_shares_config = /etc/cinder/nfs_shares volume_backend_name = nfs
- 也可以使用配置工具openstack-config进行配置
//安装配置工具 yum install openstack-utils.noarch //配置cinder openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT enabled_backends sata,ssd,nfs openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf nfs volume_driver cinder.volume.drivers.nfs.NfsDriver openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf nfs nfs_shares_config /etc/cinder/nfs_shares openstack-config --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf nfs volume_backend_name nfs
3、配置nfs_shares_config
]# vim /etc/cinder/nfs_shares 10.1.1.14:/data
4、重启cinder
]# systemctl restart openstack-cinder-volume.service
5、验证
]# openstack volume service list +------------------+---------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At | +------------------+---------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | cinder-scheduler | centos71 | nova | enabled | up | 2023-03-05T11:54:12.000000 | | cinder-volume | centos75@ssd | nova | enabled | up | 2023-03-05T11:54:15.000000 | | cinder-volume | centos75@sata | nova | enabled | up | 2023-03-05T11:54:15.000000 | | cinder-volume | centos75@nfs | nova | enabled | up | 2023-03-05T11:54:12.000000 | +------------------+---------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
18.5、创建卷
18.5.1、使用默认卷类型
18.5.2、创建自定义卷类型
1、创建卷类型
2、点击卷类型扩展规格
3、添加键值对
- 在/etc/cinder/cinder.conf中定义的配置项。
4、创建卷
18.6、使用卷
1、将卷附加到虚拟机上
2、使用卷
//(1)连接到虚拟机 ]# ssh cirros@10.1.1.143 //(2)产看磁盘信息 # fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/vda1 18432 2097118 2078687 1015M Linux filesystem /dev/vda15 2048 18431 16384 8M EFI System Disk /dev/vdb: 3 GiB, 3221225472 bytes, 6291456 sectors //(3)格式化新磁盘 # mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb //(4)挂载新磁盘 # mount /dev/vdb /mnt/
19、自定义虚拟机镜像
- 创建镜像说明文档：https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/create-images-manually.html
- 在10.1.1.13上创建自定义镜像（openstack计算节点）
19.1、基于centos的ISO创建镜像
1、下载centos的ISO镜像
- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso
2、安装创建虚拟机镜像的工具
]# yum install qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-tools libvirt virt-manager virt-install
3、启动libvirtd
]# systemctl start libvirtd.service ]# systemctl status libvirtd.service
4、创建KVM虚拟机
//(1)创建虚拟机镜像文件
]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /apps/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2 10G
//(2)创建虚拟机
]# virt-install --name CentOS-7-x86_64-2009 --virt-type kvm --os-variant rhel7 \
--memory 1024 --vcpus 1 --disk path=/apps/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2 --network network=default \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole --cdrom /apps/iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso
5、使用VNC Viewer连接虚拟机进行安装
//(1)查看虚拟机 ]# virsh list --all Id 名称 状态 ---------------------------------------------------- 1 CentOS-7-x86_64-2009 running //(2)显示虚拟机的VNC编号 ]# virsh vncdisplay CentOS-7-x86_64-2009 :0
- (3)使用VNC Viewer连接虚拟机
- 配置网卡名称，在进入安装界面的时候把光标移动到Install CentOS7，按下tab键，在后面输入“net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0”回车即可。
- (4)配置虚拟机
19.2、基于官方CentOS-GenericCloud创建镜像
- 下载官方镜像：
- CentOS 7.7镜像：http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1907.qcow2.xz
- Ubuntu 18.04镜像：https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/bionic/current/bionic-server-cloudimg-amd64.img
1、修改CentOS-GenericCloud镜像的root用户密码
]# yum install libguestfs-tools ]# virt-customize -a /apps/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1907.qcow2 --root-password password:root
2、创建KVM虚拟机
]# virt-install --name CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1907 --virt-type kvm --os-variant rhel7 --boot hd \
--memory 1024 --vcpus 1 --disk /apps/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1907.qcow2 --network network=default \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole
19.3、优化虚拟机镜像
19.3.1、安装cloud-init
- cloud-init会自动从元数据服务器获取公钥，并将密钥放入帐户中。
- cloud-init服务会自动调整系统的很多参数（/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg）
- 平常一般会将cloud-init服务关闭
//(1)安装cloud-init ]# yum install cloud-init //(2)设置cloud-init服务开机自启 ]# systemctl enable cloud-init
19.3.2、优化sshd
//修改sshd的配置文件 ]# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config PasswordAuthentication yes GSSAPIAuthentication no UseDNS no //重启sshd服务 ]# systemctl restart sshd
19.3.3、设置OpenStack控制节点免密登录
- 在控制节点上执行
]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P "" ]# ssh-copy-id root@<domain_ip>
19.3.4、设置console登录虚拟机
//(1)修改KVM虚拟机的内核参数（/boot/grub2/grub.cfg） ]# grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="console=ttyS0,115200n8" //(2)重启KVM虚拟机 ]# reboot //(3)连接虚拟机（“Ctrl + ]”退出虚拟机） virsh console <domain>
19.3.5、安装常用命令
]# yum install vim
19.3.6、重启虚拟机
- 重启虚拟机，验证配置。
]# reboot
19.4、使用自定义虚拟机镜像
1、关闭虚拟机
]# virsh shutdown CentOS-7-x86_64-2009
2、将虚拟机镜像上传到Openstack上
//(1)查看虚拟机镜像 ]# ls -lh /apps/images/ -rw------- 1 root root 11G 2月 28 23:22 CentOS-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2 //将镜像复制到Openstack的控制节点 ]# scp /apps/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2 root@10.1.1.11:/apps/images //将镜像上传到Openstack上 ]# glance image-create --name "CentOS-7-x86_64-2009" \ --file /apps/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-2009.qcow2 \ --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \ --visibility public
3、使用Openstack创建虚拟机
19.5、安装ACPI服务
- 在宿主机中执行
- Acpid是一个用户空间的服务进程，它充当linux内核与应用程序之间通信的接口，负责将kernel中的电源管理事件转发给应用程序。
- 用于启动或关闭虚拟机实例。
]# yum install acpid ]# systemctl enable acpid ]# systemctl start acpid
19.6、拉伸磁盘
- 在KVM虚拟机中执行
- cloud-utils-growpart中包含允许使用cloud-init调整磁盘大小的工具。
//(1)安装cloud-utils-growpart ]# yum install cloud-utils-growpart //(2)检查元数据服务器是否可以联通 ]# curl http://169.254.169.254 1.0 2007-01-19 ... //(3)拉伸磁盘 ]# systemctl restart cloud-init
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