LINUX基础(4)

1、打包/etc/目录下面所有conf结尾的文件，压缩包名称为当天的时间，并拷贝到/usr/local/src目录备份

[root@server01 temp]# TIME_NOW=$(date +%Y%m%d)
[root@server01 temp]# mkdir -p /opt/temp /opt/backup
[root@server01 temp]# find /etc -type f -name *.conf -exec cp {} /opt/temp \;
cd /opt/temp/
tar -czf /opt/backup/etc_bak_${TIME_NOW}.tar.gz *
cp /opt/backup/etc_bak_${TIME_NOW}.tar.gz /usr/local/src
ls -lrt /usr/local/src/etc_bak_${TIME_NOW}.tar.gz
tar -tf /usr/local/src/etc_bak_${TIME_NOW}.tar.gz[root@server01 temp]# cd /opt/temp/
[root@server01 temp]# tar -czf /opt/backup/etc_bak_${TIME_NOW}.tar.gz *
[root@server01 temp]# cp /opt/backup/etc_bak_${TIME_NOW}.tar.gz /usr/local/src
[root@server01 temp]# ls -lrt /usr/local/src/etc_bak_${TIME_NOW}.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 84810 7月   5 18:43 /usr/local/src/etc_bak_20210705.tar.gz
[root@server01 temp]# tar -tf /usr/local/src/etc_bak_${TIME_NOW}.tar.gz
00-keyboard.conf
20-nproc.conf
25-no-bitmap-fedora.conf
access.conf
access_module.conf
af_unix.conf
asound.conf
audispd.conf
auditd.conf
auth_moudle.conf
bootchart.conf
ca-legacy.conf
chrony.conf
chroot.conf

2、查找当前系统上没有属主或属组，且最近一个周内曾被访问过的文件或目录

[root@server01 etc]# find / \( -nouser -o -nogroup \) -atime -7
find: ‘/proc/2167/task/2167/fd/6’: 没有那个文件或目录
find: ‘/proc/2167/task/2167/fdinfo/6’: 没有那个文件或目录
find: ‘/proc/2167/fd/6’: 没有那个文件或目录
find: ‘/proc/2167/fdinfo/6’: 没有那个文件或目录
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/cc
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/lib
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/lib/geoip
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/lib/google-perftools
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/lib/libatomic
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/lib/libgd
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/lib/libxslt
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/lib/openssl
/opt/download/nginx-1.12.1/auto/lib/pcre

3、查找/etc目录下至少有一类用户没有执行权限的文件

[root@server01 etc]# find /etc/ ! -perm /111|xargs ls -lrt

4、自建网络yum源（通过httpd实现)

[root@server01 temp]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/oel74.repo 
[oel74]
baseurl=http://server01/iso
name=oel74
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

5、利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址

[root@server01 temp]# ifconfig |sed -rn 's/inet\s+(.+)\s+netmask(.+)/\1/p'
        192.168.26.10 
        127.0.0.1 

6、删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

[root@server01 temp]# cat /etc/fstab |sed -r '/^$/d'|sed -r '/^#/d'
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=d38fd643-eb15-4b3e-b06c-1b7414aaae91 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap   swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/vg00/lv00    /home/ap    xfs    defaults    0    0
/dev/vg00/lv01    /home/web    ext4    defaults    0    0

7、处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名

[root@server01 temp]# cat /etc/fstab |sed -r '/^$/d'|sed -r '/^#/d'|sed -rn 's/(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)/\1/p'
/dev/mapper/rhel-root
UUID=d38fd643-eb15-4b3e-b06c-1b7414aaae91
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap
/dev/vg00/lv00
/dev/vg00/lv01
[root@server01 temp]# cat /etc/fstab |sed -r '/^$/d'|sed -r '/^#/d'|sed -rn 's/(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)/\2/p'
/
/boot
swap
/home/ap
/home/web