Nginx整合Tomcat
一、Nginx实现单台Tomcat代理，创建一个基本的Web项目，将这个项目部署到Tomcat主机上：
1. 打包上传项目；
mvn clean install package
2. 将项目部署到Tomcat之中：
mv /srv/ftp/hello.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
3. Nginx默认是80端口，如果Tomcat也是80端口的话，需要修改Tomcat端口：vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" /> //修改端口
如果要想将此文件作为根目录的程序发布，则需要修改server.xml 配置文件，在<Host>节点中增加：
<Context path="/" docBase="hello"/>
4. 启动Tomcat：
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
5. 浏览器访问：http://192.168.28.219:8080/hello/
6. 此时Tomcat和Nginx没有任何联系，所以此时需要修改Nginx配置文件：vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
修改为：
location / {
proxy_pass http://192.168.28.219:8080/;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for ;
}
7. 更新Nginx配置：
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t //检查当前配置是否正确 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload //重新加载配置
8. 重新访问Nginx:http://192.168.28.222/
二、Nginx负载均衡，Nginx实现多台Tomcat代理：
将需要发布的Web项目分别打包上传，部署到Tomcat上，如有需要将此文件修改为根目录进行发布；
1. 此时有三台TTomcat主机，修改Nginx配置文件：vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
》在server之上追加集群环境：
upstream tomcatcluster { server 192.168.28.219:8080 weight=3 ; server 192.168.28.220:8080 weight=1 ; server 192.168.28.221:8080 weight=2 ; }
》在代理配置位置上不要写上具体的主机，写上配置的集群名称：
location / { proxy_pass http://tomcatcluster; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for ; }
2. 更新Nginx配置：
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t //检查当前配置是否正确 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload //重新加载配置
3. 实际上也可以对集群的环境做一些动态变更：
server 192.168.28.219:80 weight=3 dowm ; //该主机不在提供服务
server 192.168.28.219:80 weight=3 backup ; //当忙不过来时，该主机提供服务
三、数据文件缓存：
在整个系统中，Nginx完成的功能仅仅是一个请求的代理操作；
1. 如果要使用缓存，则在Nginx主机上创建一个缓存目录：mkdir -p /usr/data/nginx/{temp,cache}
2. 更新Nginx配置文件：
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; proxy_temp_path /usr/data/nginx/temp ; proxy_cache_path /usr/data/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g; proxy_connect_timeout 5; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 5; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 8k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain application/x-JavaScript text/css application/xml; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\."; upstream tomcatcluster { server 192.168.195.138:80 weight=3 ; server 192.168.195.139:80 weight=1 ; server 192.168.195.140:80 weight=2 ; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { proxy_pass http://tomcatcluster; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for ; } location ~ .*\.(jsp|do|action)$ { proxy_pass http://tomcatcluster; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_cache cache_one; proxy_cache_valid 200 302 3s; proxy_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header updating http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504; chunked_transfer_encoding off; } location ~ /purge(/.*) { allow 127.0.0.1; allow 192.168.195.0/24; allow all; proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args; } location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|htm|html|css|js|flv|ico|swf)(.*) { proxy_pass http://tomcatcluster ; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_cache cache_one; proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args; proxy_cache_valid 200 302 1h; proxy_cache_valid 301 1d; proxy_cache_valid any 1m; expires 30d; } # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
3. 手动清空缓存：http://192.168.28.222/purge/images
