http及https模拟工具使用总结及客户端及服务端模拟代码样例
一、工具介绍
1、restclient-1.2.jar 为客户端请求工具，可以调用任何的http及https的服务，可以任意调用https的网页地址（比入百度等）及postman模拟的服务。
2、HttpMockServerTool.jar
只能模拟http的 服务端，不能模拟https的。
需要自己造个 返回响应文档 1.txt
使用参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38289699/article/details/78527919
3、postman工具， 可以模拟http及https的请求及响应。
但作为服务端的时候 生成的mock服务地址实在postman的服务器上的。服务的地址是个映射后的地址，和实际模拟的请求地址不一样。
使用方法参考地址：
https://blog.csdn.net/2301_80864686/article/details/135936366
https://geek-docs.com/postman/postman-tutorials/t_lib_115_postman_postman_mock_server.html
二、https 忽略证书验证的模拟请求及模拟服务代码样例。
忽略证书验证是在客户端进行的操作，在服务端模拟服务的时候必须要有证书，没有证书没有证书开启不了https。
1、客户端样例：HttpsUtils.java
package com.xxx.util;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.*;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* @author luohao 2024/05/11 htts请求工具类忽律ssl证书
*/
public class HttpsUtils {
// private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(HttpsUtils.class);
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FileUtil.class);
//调用该类直接跳过ssl证书
static {
try {
trustAllHttpsCertificates();
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier
(
(urlHostName, session) -> true
);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.info("trustAllHttpsCertificates Exception");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String param = "[{\n" +
"\t\"id\": \"1046000000000549\",\n" +
"\t\"curtime\": \"2023-11-01 08:34:05\",\n" +
"\t\"status\": \"2\"\n" +
"}]";
String ipPort= "http://localhost:10002";
String method= "/alarmFiled";
String url=ipPort+method;
// Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap = sendPostWithStatus("https://localhost:10002/alarmFiled", param);
// Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap = sendPostWithStatus("https://172.27.236.38:8000/test", param);
// Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap = sendPostWithStatus("https://www.baidu.com/?tn=62095104_27_oem_dg&ch=1", param);
//调postman 模拟接口调不通 调百度网页等https的方法及模拟启动的 http及https的方法都可以调通
Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap = sendPostWithStatus("https://a4e2bf89-6448-42aa-87e1-11fc1e442fc6.mock.pstmn.io", param);
// Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap = sendPostWithStatus(url, param);
System.out.println(stringObjectMap.toString());
}
/**
* 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
*
* @param url 发送请求的 URL
* @param param 请求参数
* @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
*/
public static Map<String, Object> sendPostWithStatus(String url, String param) {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
PrintWriter out = null;
String status = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
try {
logger.info("sendPost - {}", url);
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
// 打开连接
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
// 默认是 GET方式
// conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
// 设置是否向connection输出，因为这个是post请求，参数要放在http正文内，因此需要设为true
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// Post 请求不能使用缓存
conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
// 配置本次连接的Content-type，参数类型为json
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
// 通用请求头信息
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("contentType", "utf-8");
// conn.connect();
out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
//请求参数
// out.print(param);
out.flush();
//获取响应的状态码 请求成功为200
status = Integer.toString(((HttpURLConnection) conn).getResponseCode());
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
String line;
//获取响应内容
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result.append(line);
}
logger.info("recieve:{}", result);
} catch (ConnectException e) {
logger.error("HttpUtils.sendPostWithStatus ConnectException, url={}, param={}", url, param, e);
} catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
logger.error("HttpUtils.sendPostWithStatus SocketTimeoutException, url={}, param={}", url, param, e);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("HttpUtils.sendPostWithStatus IOException, url={}, param={}", url, param, e);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("HttpsUtil.sendPostWithStatus Exception, url={}, param={}", url, param, e);
} finally {
try {
if (out != null) {
out.close();
}
if (in != null) {
in.close();
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
logger.error("in.close Exception, url={}, param={}", url, param, ex);
}
}
map.put("status", status);
map.put("result", result);
return map;
}
/**
* 跳过ssl证书
*/
private static void trustAllHttpsCertificates()
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[1];
trustAllCerts[0] = (TrustManager) new TrustAllManager();
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, null);
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
}
private static class TrustAllManager implements X509TrustManager {
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
}
}
1、服务端样例：HttpsUtils.java
package com.nrxt.dsmp.infocollect.main;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.lang.*;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsServer;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.*;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsExchange;
public class SimpleHTTPSServer {
public static class MyHandler implements HttpHandler {
@Override
public void handle(HttpExchange httpExchange) throws IOException {
URI requestURI = httpExchange.getRequestURI();
String URL = requestURI.getPath();
System.out.println(URL);
InputStream in = httpExchange.getRequestBody(); //获得输入流
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String temp;
StringBuffer resBuffer = new StringBuffer();
while ((temp = reader.readLine()) != null) {
//logger.info("client request:" + temp);
resBuffer.append(temp);
}
System.out.println(resBuffer);
String response = "This is the response";
HttpsExchange httpsExchange = (HttpsExchange) httpExchange;
httpExchange.getResponseHeaders().add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
httpExchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.getBytes().length);
OutputStream os = httpExchange.getResponseBody();
os.write(response.getBytes());
os.close();
}
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
try {
// setup the socket address
InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress("0.0.0.0",8000);
// initialise the HTTPS server
HttpsServer httpsServer = HttpsServer.create(address, 0);
//TLS
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
// initialise the keystore
char[] password = "666666".toCharArray();
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
// FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_211\\bin\\testkey.jks");
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_121\\bin\\keystore.jks");
ks.load(fis, password);
// setup the key manager factory
KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
kmf.init(ks, password);
// setup the trust manager factory
TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
tmf.init(ks);
// setup the HTTPS context and parameters
sslContext.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);
httpsServer.setHttpsConfigurator(new HttpsConfigurator(sslContext) {
public void configure(HttpsParameters params) {
try {
// initialise the SSL context
SSLContext context = getSSLContext();
SSLEngine engine = context.createSSLEngine();
params.setNeedClientAuth(false);
params.setCipherSuites(engine.getEnabledCipherSuites());
params.setProtocols(engine.getEnabledProtocols());
// Set the SSL parameters
SSLParameters sslParameters = context.getSupportedSSLParameters();
params.setSSLParameters(sslParameters);
} catch (Exception ex) {
System.out.println("Failed to create HTTPS port");
}
}
});
httpsServer.createContext("/test", new MyHandler());
httpsServer.setExecutor(null);
httpsServer.start();
System.out.println("开启成功");
} catch (Exception exception) {
System.out.println("Failed to create HTTPS server on port " + 8000 + " of localhost");
exception.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
模拟服务端需要在 java home的安装目录bin目录下 生成证书 ，要使用管理员身份运行cmd及逆行生成。
1、右键桌面左下角的 Windows 图标，找到 Windows PowerShell（管理员） 点金进入。
2、切换到java home的安装目录bin目录下：
C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\bin>
3、执行命令
keytool -genkeypair -alias mykey -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -keystore keystore.jks
要记得输入的 密钥口令，并替换到上面的 模拟服务样例中，其他选项任意填写继续执行。
char[] password = "666666".toCharArray();
4、最后会在 C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\bin>
目录下生成 keystore.jks文件， 替换上面样例中的 证书路径，
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_121\\bin\\keystore.jks");
最后启动服务，并使用restclient-1.2.jar 工具，或则模拟测试样例进行测试即可。
模拟测试样例调百度网页等https的方法及模拟启动的 http及https的方法都可以调通，调postman 模拟接口调不通 (待继续研究)。
测试样例中 POST或GET方法可以自己根据需要改变，conn.connect();这句要不要都能调用成功。
