django 如何在序列化器中抛出错误 并且在视图中捕捉返回给前端

1.在create()中抛出错误

class YourSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    def create(self, validated_data):
        # 进行数据验证是否满足条件
       #得到数据过程以省略
       condition = False
        if not condition:
            # 抛出ValidationError异常，并传递错误信息
            raise ValidationError("错误信息")
        else:
            正常逻辑

2.在valudate钩子中校验数据抛出错误

class YourSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Aaa
        exclude = ('is_delete', 'create_time',"modified_time" )

    def validate(self, attrs):

        a = attrs.get('a')

        if len(a) < 10:
                raise ValidationError({'a': '该字段长度不能小于10'})    
        
        return attrs

 

2. 在视图中捕捉

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response

class YourView(APIView):
    def post(self, request):
        serializer = YourSerializer(data=request.data)
        try:
            if serializer.is_valid():
                serializer.save()
                return Response(serializer.data)
            else:
                # 如果序列化器验证失败，获取错误信息
                errors = serializer.errors
                return Response(errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
        except ValidationError as e:
            # 如果在序列化器的create方法中抛出了ValidationError异常，在这里捕获错误信息并返回给前端
            errors = str(e.args[0])  # 获取错误信息
            return Response(errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)