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【linux_jdk_tomcat__servlet_jsp】:java后端编程入门——网站编程

【linux_jdk_tomcat__servlet_jsp】:java后端编程入门——网站编程

 

 

 

 

一、基本说明

 

 

  1、  网站后端的编程原理:  网站后端的编程语言,绑定【路由】。【浏览器】访问【路由】,来实现【网站前端】和【网站后端】的数据交换。

    ----   网站后端编程核心:  java编程语言,绑定【路由】。

    ----  网站前端和后端的数据交互:  【浏览器】访问【路由】;来实现网站前端和后端的数据交互。

    ----  网站前端的核心功能:  展示数据,数据交互。

 

 

  2、  环境说明:  UBUNTU26.04  +  JDK25.0.3 + TOMCAT11.0.22

 

 

  3、  servlet环境编程

    ----  servlet环境的编程:  包含网站后端编程所需要的所有基础和核心内容。

    ----  servlet环境的编程:  是网站后端编程的极简模板。

 

 

  4、  JSP环境的编程

    ----  JSP环境编程:  JSP,首次封装“servlet”。JSP环境,包含java后续框架的核心内容。

 

 

 

二、工具下载(jdk + tomcat)

 

 

  1、  JDK官网下载地址(下载二进制压缩包:解压即完成安装)

    ----  JDK_DOWNLOAD:  https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/downloads/

    ----  JDK_DOCS:  https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/26/

    ----  JDK_API_DOCS:  https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/26/docs/api/index.html

 

 

  2、  TOMCAT官网下载地址(下载二进制压缩包:解压即完成安装)

    ----  https://tomcat.apache.org/

 

 

 

三、搭建开发环境

 

 

  1、  JDK的安装(解压即安装完毕)

    ----  解压位置/安装位置:  /usr/local/userinstall/java/jdk

[wit@ubuntu:home]$ pwd
/usr/local/userinstall/java/jdk/home
[wit@ubuntu:home]$ 
[wit@ubuntu:home]$ 
[wit@ubuntu:home]$ ll
total 44
drwxr-xr-x  9 root  root  4096 May 28 00:47 ./
drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root  4096 May 28 00:48 ../
lrwxrwxrwx  1 10670 10670   23 Mar 11 08:39 LICENSE@ -> legal/java.base/LICENSE
-rw-r--r--  1 10670 10670  290 Mar 11 08:39 README
drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root  4096 May 28 00:47 bin/
drwxr-xr-x  5 root  root  4096 May 28 00:47 conf/
drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root  4096 May 28 00:47 include/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root  4096 May 28 00:47 jmods/
drwxr-xr-x 71 root  root  4096 May 28 00:47 legal/
drwxr-xr-x  5 root  root  4096 May 28 00:47 lib/
drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root  4096 May 28 00:47 man/
-rw-r--r--  1 10670 10670 1242 Mar 11 08:39 release
[wit@ubuntu:home]$ 

      ----  解压后的文件夹【xx】,改名为【home】

     ----  设置环境变量(~/.bashrc):

#[CONFIG_JDK]
#JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/userinstall/java/jdk/home
#CLASSPATH=.
#export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}

 

 

  2、  TOMCAT的安装(解压即安装完毕)

    ----  解压位置/安装位置:  /usr/local/userinstall/java/tomcat

[wit@ubuntu:home]$ pwd
/usr/local/userinstall/java/tomcat/home
[wit@ubuntu:home]$ 
[wit@ubuntu:home]$ 
[wit@ubuntu:home]$ ll
total 168
drwxrwxrwx 9 root root  4096 May 28 00:48 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  4096 May 28 00:48 ../
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26826 May  2 02:29 BUILDING.txt*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  8626 May  2 02:29 CONTRIBUTING.md*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 60517 May  2 02:29 LICENSE*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  2333 May  2 02:29 NOTICE*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  3224 May  2 02:29 README.md*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  6470 May  2 02:29 RELEASE-NOTES*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16114 May  2 02:29 RUNNING.txt*
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root  4096 May 28 01:02 bin/
drwxrwxrwx 3 root root  4096 May 28 00:59 conf/
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root  4096 May 28 00:48 lib/
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root  4096 May 28 00:59 logs/
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root  4096 May 28 00:48 temp/
drwxrwxrwx 7 root root  4096 May  2 02:29 webapps/
drwxrwxrwx 3 root root  4096 May 28 00:59 work/
[wit@ubuntu:home]$ 

       ----  说明:  解压后,要更改解压后文件夹的权限: sudo chmod  -R  777   apache-tomcat-11.0.22 。解压后文件夹的权限是750,无法进入bin等目录、无法读写tomcat/logs文件夹内的文件;因此将解压后文件夹的权限更改为777。

    ----  解压后的文件夹【xx】,改名为【home】

    ----  设置环境变量:

#[CONFIG_TOMCAT]
#CATALINA=/usr/local/userinstall/java/tomcat/home
#export PATH=${CATALINA}/bin:${PATH}

     ----  配置服务开关命令

      ----  基本准备_脚本改名【位置: /usr/local/java/tomcat/home/bin  】

[wit@ubuntu:bin]$ pwd
/usr/local/userinstall/java/tomcat/home/bin
[wit@ubuntu:bin]$ 
[wit@ubuntu:bin]$ 
[wit@ubuntu:bin]$ ll
total 940
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root   4096 May 28 01:02 ./
drwxrwxrwx 9 root root   4096 May 28 00:48 ../
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  32201 May  2 02:29 bootstrap.jar*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   1664 May  2 02:29 catalina-tasks.xml*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  13650 May  2 02:29 catalina.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  21289 May  2 02:29 catalina.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   2123 May  2 02:29 ciphers.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   1997 May  2 02:29 ciphers.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 218507 May  2 02:29 commons-daemon-native.tar.gz*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  26901 May  2 02:29 commons-daemon.jar*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   2040 May  2 02:29 configtest.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   1922 May  2 02:29 configtest.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   8319 May  2 02:29 daemon.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   2091 May  2 02:29 digest.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   1965 May  2 02:29 digest.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   3606 May  2 02:29 makebase.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   3382 May  2 02:29 makebase.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   2096 May  2 02:29 migrate.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   1970 May  2 02:29 migrate.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   3382 May  2 02:29 setclasspath.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   3941 May  2 02:29 setclasspath.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   2020 May  2 02:29 shutdown.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   1902 May  2 02:29 shutdown.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   2022 May  2 02:29 startup.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   1904 May  2 02:29 startup.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root  51025 May  2 02:29 tomcat-juli.jar*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 474739 May  2 02:29 tomcat-native.tar.gz*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     11 May 28 01:02 tomcatoff@ -> shutdown.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     10 May 28 01:01 tomcaton@ -> startup.sh
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   3623 May  2 02:29 tool-wrapper.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   4600 May  2 02:29 tool-wrapper.sh*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   2026 May  2 02:29 version.bat*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root   1908 May  2 02:29 version.sh*
[wit@ubuntu:bin]$ 

         ----  复制文件【startup.sh】,并且将副本改名为【tomcaton】:  

          ----  【startup.sh】-->【tomcaton】:  [wit@ubuntu:bin]$ sudo ln -sf  startup.sh  tomcaton

          ----  【startup.sh】-->【tomcaton】:  [wit@ubuntu:bin]$ sudo cp startup.sh tomcaton

         ----  复制文件【shutdown.sh】,并将副本改名为【tomcatoff】:

          ----  【shutdown.sh】-->【tomcatoff】:  [wit@ubuntu:bin]$ sudo ln -sf  shutdown.sh  tomcatoff

          ----  【shutdown.sh】-->【tomcatoff】:  [wit@ubuntu:bin]$ sudo cp shutdown.sh tomcatoff

      ----  配置开启服务命令(~/.bashrc):

        ----  export PATH=${CATALINA}/bin:${PATH}

 

 

  3、  SERVLET编程环境的额外配置:

#[CONFIG_SERVLET]
#CLASSPATH=.:${CATALINA}/lib/servlet-api.jar

 

 

  4、  JSP编程环境的额外配置:

#[CONFIG_JSP]
#CLASSPATH=.:${CATALINA}/lib/jsp-api.jar 

 

 

  5、  环境变量终极配置(JDK+TOMCAT+SERVLET+JSP)

#[JAVA_CONFIG_FINAL: JDK + TOMCAT + SERVLET +JSP ]
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/userinstall/java/jdk/home
CATALINA=/usr/local/userinstall/java/tomcat/home
CLASSPATH=.:${CATALINA}/lib/servlet-api.jar:${CATALINA}/lib/jsp-api.jar 
#export  PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${CATALINA}/bin:${PATH}

 

 

  6、  完整的配置文件

#[CONFIG_POSITION:  ~/.BASHRC]


#[CONFIG_JDK]
#JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/userinstall/java/jdk/home
#CLASSPATH=.
#export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}

#[CONFIG_TOMCAT]
#CATALINA=/usr/local/userinstall/java/tomcat/home
#export PATH=${CATALINA}/bin:${PATH}

#[CONFIG_SERVLET]
#CLASSPATH=.:${CATALINA}/lib/servlet-api.jar

#[CONFIG_JSP]
#CLASSPATH=.:${CATALINA}/lib/jsp-api.jar 


#[JAVA_CONFIG_FINAL: JDK + TOMCAT + SERVLET +JSP ]
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/userinstall/java/jdk/home
CATALINA=/usr/local/userinstall/java/tomcat/home
CLASSPATH=.:${CATALINA}/lib/servlet-api.jar:${CATALINA}/lib/jsp-api.jar 
#export  PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${CATALINA}/bin:${PATH}

 

 

 

四、网站后端编程入门的教程

 

  1、  java编程教程:  https://www.runoob.com/java/java-tutorial.html

 

  2、  servlet编程教程:  https://www.runoob.com/servlet/servlet-tutorial.html

 

  3、  JSP编程教程:  https://www.runoob.com/jsp/jsp-tutorial.html

 

 

 

五、参考资料

 

  1、  菜鸟教程  --  https://www.runoob.com/

 

  2、  JDK下载地址  -  https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/downloads/

 

  3、  JDK_API_DOCS  -  https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/26/docs/api/index.html

 

  4、  JDK_DOCS  -  https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/26/

 

  5、  TOMCAT下载地址  -  https://tomcat.apache.org/

.

posted on 2026-05-26 19:51  lnlidawei  阅读(15)  评论(0)    收藏  举报