短信的封装
目录
1 登录注册模态框分析
# 如果登录注册是新的页面，比较好做
-只需要新建两个页面组件---》点击某个按钮--->跳转到页面
1.1 组件通信之 子传父
<template>
<div class="login"><span @click="close_login">X</span>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "Login",
methods: {
close_login() {
// 控制父组件中的is_login变量编程false this.$emit('close_login')
} } }
</script>
<style scoped>
.login { width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0;
z-index: 10;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
</style>
2 登录注册前端页面复制
2.0 Header.vue
<template>
<div class="header">
<div class="slogan">
<p>老男孩IT教育 | 帮助有志向的年轻人通过努力学习获得体面的工作和生活</p>
</div>
<div class="nav">
<ul class="left-part">
<li class="logo">
<router-link to="/">
<img src="../assets/img/head-logo.svg" alt="">
</router-link>
</li>
<li class="ele">
<span @click="goPage('/free-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/free-course'}">免费课</span>
</li>
<li class="ele">
<span @click="goPage('/actual-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/actual-course'}">实战课</span>
</li>
<li class="ele">
<span @click="goPage('/light-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/light-course'}">轻课</span>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="right-part">
<div>
<span @click="put_login">登录</span>
<span class="line">|</span>
<span @click="put_register">注册</span>
</div>
</div>
<Login v-if="is_login" @close="close_login" @go="put_register"></Login>
<Register v-if="is_register" @close="close_register" @go="put_login"></Register>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Login from "@/components/Login";
import Register from "@/components/Register";
export default {
name: "Header",
data() {
return {
url_path: sessionStorage.url_path || '/', // 定义了一个变量标志当前所在的路径
is_login: false,
is_register: false,
}
},
methods: {
goPage(url_path) {
// 判断当前路径是不是要跳转的路由，如果不是，就跳转
if (this.url_path !== url_path) {
this.$router.push(url_path); // 跳转到相应路径
}
sessionStorage.url_path = url_path; // 当前路径存起来 好处是：点刷新后，还是在当前路径下
},
put_login() {
this.is_login = true;
this.is_register = false;
},
put_register() {
this.is_login = false;
this.is_register = true;
},
close_login() {
this.is_login = false;
},
close_register() {
this.is_register = false;
}
},
created() {
sessionStorage.url_path = this.$route.path;
this.url_path = this.$route.path;
},
components: {
Login, Register
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.header {
background-color: white;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px 0 #aaa;
}
.header:after {
content: "";
display: block;
clear: both;
}
.slogan {
background-color: #eee;
height: 40px;
}
.slogan p {
width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
color: #aaa;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 40px;
}
.nav {
background-color: white;
user-select: none;
width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.nav ul {
padding: 15px 0;
float: left;
}
.nav ul:after {
clear: both;
content: '';
display: block;
}
.nav ul li {
float: left;
}
.logo {
margin-right: 20px;
}
.ele {
margin: 0 20px;
}
.ele span {
display: block;
font: 15px/36px '微软雅黑';
border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
cursor: pointer;
}
.ele span:hover {
border-bottom-color: orange;
}
.ele span.active {
color: orange;
border-bottom-color: orange;
}
.right-part {
float: right;
}
.right-part .line {
margin: 0 10px;
}
.right-part span {
line-height: 68px;
cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
2.1 Login.vue
<template>
<div class="login">
<div class="box">
<i class="el-icon-close" @click="close_login"></i>
<div class="content">
<div class="nav">
<span :class="{active: login_method === 'is_pwd'}"
@click="change_login_method('is_pwd')">密码登录</span>
<span :class="{active: login_method === 'is_sms'}"
@click="change_login_method('is_sms')">短信登录</span>
</div>
<el-form v-if="login_method === 'is_pwd'">
<el-input
placeholder="用户名/手机号/邮箱"
prefix-icon="el-icon-user"
v-model="username"
clearable>
</el-input>
<el-input
placeholder="密码"
prefix-icon="el-icon-key"
v-model="password"
clearable
show-password>
</el-input>
<el-button type="primary">登录</el-button>
</el-form>
<el-form v-if="login_method === 'is_sms'">
<el-input
placeholder="手机号"
prefix-icon="el-icon-phone-outline"
v-model="mobile"
clearable
@blur="check_mobile">
</el-input>
<el-input
placeholder="验证码"
prefix-icon="el-icon-chat-line-round"
v-model="sms"
clearable>
<template slot="append">
<span class="sms" @click="send_sms">{{ sms_interval }}</span>
</template>
</el-input>
<el-button type="primary">登录</el-button>
</el-form>
<div class="foot">
<span @click="go_register">立即注册</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "Login",
data() {
return {
username: '',
password: '',
mobile: '',
sms: '',
login_method: 'is_pwd',
sms_interval: '获取验证码',
is_send: false,
}
},
methods: {
close_login() {
this.$emit('close')
},
go_register() {
this.$emit('go')
},
change_login_method(method) {
this.login_method = method;
},
check_mobile() {
if (!this.mobile) return;
if (!this.mobile.match(/^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$/)) {
this.$message({
message: '手机号有误',
type: 'warning',
duration: 1000,
onClose: () => {
this.mobile = '';
}
});
return false;
}
this.is_send = true;
},
send_sms() {
if (!this.is_send) return;
this.is_send = false;
let sms_interval_time = 60;
this.sms_interval = "发送中...";
let timer = setInterval(() => {
if (sms_interval_time <= 1) {
clearInterval(timer);
this.sms_interval = "获取验证码";
this.is_send = true; // 重新回复点击发送功能的条件
} else {
sms_interval_time -= 1;
this.sms_interval = `${sms_interval_time}秒后再发`;
}
}, 1000);
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.login {
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
z-index: 10;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
.box {
width: 400px;
height: 420px;
background-color: white;
border-radius: 10px;
position: relative;
top: calc(50vh - 210px);
left: calc(50vw - 200px);
}
.el-icon-close {
position: absolute;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 20px;
top: 10px;
right: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.el-icon-close:hover {
color: darkred;
}
.content {
position: absolute;
top: 40px;
width: 280px;
left: 60px;
}
.nav {
font-size: 20px;
height: 38px;
border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}
.nav > span {
margin: 0 20px 0 35px;
color: darkgrey;
user-select: none;
cursor: pointer;
padding-bottom: 10px;
border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}
.nav > span.active {
color: black;
border-bottom: 3px solid black;
padding-bottom: 9px;
}
.el-input, .el-button {
margin-top: 40px;
}
.el-button {
width: 100%;
font-size: 18px;
}
.foot > span {
float: right;
margin-top: 20px;
color: orange;
cursor: pointer;
}
.sms {
color: orange;
cursor: pointer;
display: inline-block;
width: 70px;
text-align: center;
user-select: none;
}
</style>
2.2 Register.vue
<template>
<div class="register">
<div class="box">
<i class="el-icon-close" @click="close_register"></i>
<div class="content">
<div class="nav">
<span class="active">新用户注册</span>
</div>
<el-form>
<el-input
placeholder="手机号"
prefix-icon="el-icon-phone-outline"
v-model="mobile"
clearable
@blur="check_mobile">
</el-input>
<el-input
placeholder="密码"
prefix-icon="el-icon-key"
v-model="password"
clearable
show-password>
</el-input>
<el-input
placeholder="验证码"
prefix-icon="el-icon-chat-line-round"
v-model="sms"
clearable>
<template slot="append">
<span class="sms" @click="send_sms">{{ sms_interval }}</span>
</template>
</el-input>
<el-button type="primary">注册</el-button>
</el-form>
<div class="foot">
<span @click="go_login">立即登录</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "Register",
data() {
return {
mobile: '',
password: '',
sms: '',
sms_interval: '获取验证码',
is_send: false,
}
},
methods: {
close_register() {
this.$emit('close', false)
},
go_login() {
this.$emit('go')
},
check_mobile() {
if (!this.mobile) return;
if (!this.mobile.match(/^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$/)) {
this.$message({
message: '手机号有误',
type: 'warning',
duration: 1000,
onClose: () => {
this.mobile = '';
}
});
return false;
}
this.is_send = true;
},
send_sms() {
if (!this.is_send) return;
this.is_send = false;
let sms_interval_time = 60;
this.sms_interval = "发送中...";
let timer = setInterval(() => {
if (sms_interval_time <= 1) {
clearInterval(timer);
this.sms_interval = "获取验证码";
this.is_send = true; // 重新回复点击发送功能的条件
} else {
sms_interval_time -= 1;
this.sms_interval = `${sms_interval_time}秒后再发`;
}
}, 1000);
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.register {
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
z-index: 10;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
.box {
width: 400px;
height: 480px;
background-color: white;
border-radius: 10px;
position: relative;
top: calc(50vh - 240px);
left: calc(50vw - 200px);
}
.el-icon-close {
position: absolute;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 20px;
top: 10px;
right: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.el-icon-close:hover {
color: darkred;
}
.content {
position: absolute;
top: 40px;
width: 280px;
left: 60px;
}
.nav {
font-size: 20px;
height: 38px;
border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}
.nav > span {
margin-left: 90px;
color: darkgrey;
user-select: none;
cursor: pointer;
padding-bottom: 10px;
border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}
.nav > span.active {
color: black;
border-bottom: 3px solid black;
padding-bottom: 9px;
}
.el-input, .el-button {
margin-top: 40px;
}
.el-button {
width: 100%;
font-size: 18px;
}
.foot > span {
float: right;
margin-top: 20px;
color: orange;
cursor: pointer;
}
.sms {
color: orange;
cursor: pointer;
display: inline-block;
width: 70px;
text-align: center;
user-select: none;
}
</style>
3 腾讯短信功能二次封装
# 腾讯云官方
-短信申请：申请签名，申请模板
-使用官方提供的sdk或者api发送短信
-如果没有sdk就是用api调用
-现在有sdk，优先使用sdk，简单---》不同语言封装的包，直接调用包的方法就可以完成相关操作
- 2.0版本的sdk，3.0版本的sdk
-安装3.0的sdk：pip install tencentcloud-sdk-python # 腾讯云所有的功能都集成到这个包中了
-安装2.0的sdk：pip install qcloudsms_py # 腾讯云短信功能在这个包中
3.1 封装v2版本
init.py
from .sms import get_code,send_sms_v2
settings.py
# 短信应用 SDK AppID
APPID = # SDK AppID 以1400开头
# 短信应用 SDK AppKey
APPKEY = ""
# 需要发送短信的手机号码
# 短信模板ID，需要在短信控制台中申请
TEMPLATE_ID = 1470213 # NOTE: 这里的模板 ID`7839` 只是示例，真实的模板 ID 需要在短信控制台中申请
# 签名
SMS_SIGN = "咋啦叭呼" # NOTE: 签名参数使用的是`签名内容`，而不是`签名ID`。这里的签名"腾讯云"只是示例，真实的签名需要在短信控制台中申请
sms.py
# 生成随机n位验证码的函数
import random
from qcloudsms_py import SmsSingleSender
from qcloudsms_py.httpclient import HTTPError
from . import settings # 使用相对导入
def get_code(n=4):
code = ''
for i in range(n):
code += str(random.randint(0, 9))
return code
# 发送短信的函数
def send_sms(phone, code):
phone_numbers = [phone, ]
ssender = SmsSingleSender(settings.APPID, settings.APPKEY)
params = [code, '1'] # 当模板没有参数时，`params = []`
try:
result = ssender.send_with_param(86, phone_numbers[0],
settings.TEMPLATE_ID, params, sign=settings.SMS_SIGN, extend="", ext="")
except Exception as e:
return False
return True
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(get_code())
3.2 封装v3版本
init.py
from .sms import get_code,send_sms_v2
settings.py
SECRET_ID='AKIDZL2jO2WtBOWaXPE5qV9iKtPvRrCQZiiY'
SECRET_KEY='kKl5FF6oNvLZaR5WklZAZllY9XkneIl2'
APPID = '1400705789' # SDK AppID 以1400开头
TEMPLATE_ID = '1470213'
# 签名
SMS_SIGN = "咋啦叭呼"
### v3版本的APPID TEMPLATE_ID 都必须使用str类型，数字类型报错
sms.py
# 生成随机n位验证码的函数
import random
from qcloudsms_py import SmsSingleSender
from qcloudsms_py.httpclient import HTTPError
from . import settings # 使用相对导入
from tencentcloud.common import credential
from tencentcloud.common.exception.tencent_cloud_sdk_exception import TencentCloudSDKException
# 导入对应产品模块的client models。
from tencentcloud.sms.v20210111 import sms_client, models
# 导入可选配置类
from tencentcloud.common.profile.client_profile import ClientProfile
from tencentcloud.common.profile.http_profile import HttpProfile
from . import settings
def get_code(n=4):
code = ''
for i in range(n):
code += str(random.randint(0, 9))
return code
# 发送短信的函数
def send_sms(phone, code):
try:
cred = credential.Credential(settings.SECRET_ID, settings.SECRET_KEY)
httpProfile = HttpProfile()
httpProfile.reqMethod = "POST"
httpProfile.reqTimeout = 30
httpProfile.endpoint = "sms.tencentcloudapi.com"
clientProfile = ClientProfile()
clientProfile.signMethod = "TC3-HMAC-SHA256"
clientProfile.language = "en-US"
clientProfile.httpProfile = httpProfile
client = sms_client.SmsClient(cred, "ap-guangzhou", clientProfile)
req = models.SendSmsRequest()
req.SmsSdkAppId = settings.APPID
req.SignName = settings.SMS_SIGN
req.TemplateId = settings.TEMPLATE_ID
req.TemplateParamSet = [code, '5']
req.PhoneNumberSet = ["+86" + phone, ]
req.SessionContext = ""
req.ExtendCode = ""
req.SenderId = ""
resp = client.SendSms(req)
# print(resp.to_json_string(indent=2))
return True
except TencentCloudSDKException as err:
# print(err)
return False
4 短信验证码接口
# post get 我选择用get
# 前端传入手机号，调用发送短信函数，完成发送短信
路由
# 127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/user/sms/send_sms
router.register('sms', SMSView, 'sms')
视图类
# from libs import tencent_sms_v2 as tencent_sms
from libs import tencent_sms_v3 as tencent_sms
import re
class SMSView(ViewSet):
@action(methods=['GET'], detail=False)
def send_sms(self, request):
mobile = request.query_params.get('mobile')
if mobile and re.match(r'^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$', mobile):
code = tencent_sms.get_code()
res = tencent_sms.send_sms(mobile, code)
if res:
return APIResponse()
else:
raise APIException(detail='发送短信失败')
else:
raise APIException(detail='手机号有误')
5 短信登录接口
# 前端传入的格式---{mobile:12334455,code:8888}
路由
router.register('sms', SMSView, 'sms')
视图类
class LoginView(GenericViewSet):
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = MulLoginSerializer
def common_login(self, request):
ser = self.get_serializer(data=request.data, context={'request': request})
ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
token = ser.context.get('token')
icon = ser.context.get('icon')
return APIResponse(token=token, icon=icon)
# 重写这个方法get_serializer_class，返回什么序列化类，当前用的序列化类就是哪个
def get_serializer_class(self):
# 方式一 ：通过请求路径来判断，可以
# if 'mul_login' in self.request.path:
# return self.serializer_class
# else:
# return 序列化类
# 方式二：通过action判断
if self.action =='sms_login':
return SMSLoginSerializer
else:
return self.serializer_class
@action(methods=['POST'], detail=False)
def mul_login(self, request):
return self.common_login(request)
@action(methods=['POST'], detail=False)
def sms_login(self, request):
return self.common_login(request)
序列化类
class SMSLoginSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
code = serializers.CharField() # code不是User表的字段，所以要重写code
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ['mobile', 'code']
def _check_user(self, attrs):
mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
code = attrs.get('code')
# 校验code对不对？从缓存中取出来
old_code = cache.get('sms_cache_%s' % mobile)
# 取出来，立马失效
cache.set('sms_cache_%s' % mobile,'')
if old_code == code: # 万能验证码
user = User.objects.filter(mobile=mobile).first()
if user:
return user
else:
raise APIException(detail='用户不存在')
else:
raise APIException(detail='验证码错误')
def _get_token(self, user):
payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
return token
def validate(self, attrs): # 在全局钩子中，校验用户是否登录成功，如果登录成功直接签发token
# 1 手机号得到user
user = self._check_user(attrs)
# 2 user签发token---》签发token
token = self._get_token(user)
# 3 把token放到 self 对象中得context属性中
self.context['token'] = token
host = self.context.get('request').META['HTTP_HOST']
self.context['icon'] = 'http://%s/media/%s' % (host, str(user.icon))
return attrs
6 短信注册接口
# 前端传入数据----》{mobile:1983334,password:123,code:8888}
视图类
class UserView(GenericViewSet, CreateModelMixin):
serializer_class = UserSerializer
queryset = User.objects.all()
def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
super().create(request, *args, **kwargs)
return APIResponse(msg='注册成功')
序列化类
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
code = serializers.CharField(write_only=True) # code不是User表的字段，所以要重写code
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ['mobile', 'password', 'code']
extra_kwargs = {'password': {'write_only': True}}
def validate(self, attrs):
# 1 校验code是否正确
mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
code = attrs.get('code')
old_code = cache.get('sms_cache_%s' % mobile)
if not code == old_code:
raise APIException(detail='验证码错误')
# 2 手机号是否被注册过
if User.objects.filter(mobile=mobile).first():
raise APIException(detail='该手机号已经被注册')
# 3 入库前准备---》code字段从attrs中剔除，username必填，手机号就是用户名
attrs.pop('code')
attrs['username'] = mobile
return attrs
def create(self, validated_data):
# 因为新增用户，是用create_user新增的，不是使用create新增的
user = User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
return user
路由
router.register('register', UserView, 'register')
问题分析
1 python的深浅copy
深浅拷贝对于不可变类型是一样的，修改不会改变原来的值，而对于可变类型的浅拷贝是换了个容器装的同一批东西，对于不可变类型做了更改不会影响老容器，对于修改内部嵌套的容器会影响原容器，深拷贝就是将外面的最大容器换了一个，如果内部有嵌套，嵌套的容器也会跟着换个容器装相同的东西，对于修改不会影响原容器
2 __new__和__init__的区别
1.双下new要有返回值，而双下init不需要
2.双下new是在双下init之前执行，且双下new必须顺利执行完成，才会执行双下init
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3 把一个文件夹，子文件夹下所有的folder.ini删除
4 前端有个输入框 有个按钮，输入框输入一个 服务器的地址 d://home
把该文件夹下的所有 xx.mp4 显示在前端
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