使用Netty的Websocket实现简单的聊天室
关于Websocket协议大家可以看我的另一篇博客的介绍 WebSocket协议看这篇就够了
一、实现效果
- 使用SpringBoot启动Netty服务端，Netty服务端开启WebSocket协议的使用。
- 访问前端页面来连接WebSocket服务端，在聊天窗口中发送的消息能被其他用户接收到。
二、核心代码
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--整合web模块-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--整合模板引擎 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入netty依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
@Component
@ChannelHandler.Sharable//设置多个channel通道共享handler
public class WebSocketHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
/**
* 用一个线程安全的容器，来保存连接信息
*/
private List<Channel> channelList = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
/**
* 通道就绪时的响应
*
* @param ctx ctx
* @throws Exception 异常
*/
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
Channel channel = ctx.channel();
channelList.add(channel);
String remoteAddress = channel.remoteAddress().toString().substring(1);
System.out.println("[server]：" + remoteAddress + " 上线");
}
/**
* 通道断开时
*
* @param ctx ctx
* @throws Exception 异常
*/
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
Channel channel = ctx.channel();
channelList.remove(channel);
String remoteAddress = channel.remoteAddress().toString().substring(1);
System.out.println("[server]：" + remoteAddress + " 下线");
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
cause.printStackTrace();
Channel channel = ctx.channel();
channelList.remove(channel);
String remoteAddress = channel.remoteAddress().toString().substring(1);
System.out.println("[server]：" + remoteAddress + " 因异常下线");
}
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame textWebSocketFrame) throws Exception {
Channel currentChannel = ctx.channel();
String text = textWebSocketFrame.text();
for (Channel channel : channelList) {
if (channel == currentChannel) {
continue;
}
String remoteAddress = channel.remoteAddress().toString().substring(1);
TextWebSocketFrame responseTextWebSocketFrame = new TextWebSocketFrame( text);
channel.writeAndFlush(responseTextWebSocketFrame);
}
}
核心代码
@Component
public class WebSocketChannelInit extends ChannelInitializer {
@Autowired
NettyConfig nettyConfig;
@Autowired
WebSocketHandler webSocketHandler;
@Autowired
NettyHttpServerChannelHandler nettyHttpServerChannelHandler;
@Override
protected void initChannel(Channel channel) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = channel.pipeline();
/*
WebSocket 协议的建立是基于 HTTP 的，客户端会先发送一个 HTTP 请求，
然后服务器通过该请求判断是否为 WebSocket 连接，若是 WebSocket 连接，
则进行握手升级（handshake upgrade）操作，转换为 WebSocket 连接。在这个阶段，
需要使用 HttpServerCodec 处理器解析 HTTP 请求
*/
pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
//用于处理握手请求中的数据传输，保证服务端能够正确地与客户端建立 WebSocket 连接
pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
//Http消息聚合 当客户端发送一个大的 POST 请求时，它可能会被分成多个消息进行传输，
//在服务器端需要将这些消息聚合成一个完整的 HTTP 消息才能进行处理。
pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8000));
//用于处理 WebSocket 协议
pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler(nettyConfig.getPath()));
//添加自定义的 Http消息处理器,只处理自己对应泛型的消息(如果只需要处理Websocket可以删掉这个)
pipeline.addLast(nettyHttpServerChannelHandler);
//添加自定义的 WebSocket 服务端处理器
pipeline.addLast(webSocketHandler);
}
}
Netty Websocket服务端
@Component
public class NettyWebSocketServer implements Runnable {
@Autowired
NettyConfig nettyConfig;
@Autowired
WebSocketChannelInit webSocketChannelInit;
//初始化两个线程组
private EventLoopGroup bossGroup=new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
private EventLoopGroup workerGroup=new NioEventLoopGroup();
@PreDestroy
public void close(){
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
@Override
public void run() {
try{
//1、创建启动器
ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap=new ServerBootstrap();
//2、设置线程组
serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup);
//3、设置参数
serverBootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
//添加日志打印
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.DEBUG))
//添加初始化器
.childHandler(webSocketChannelInit);
//4、启动
ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(nettyConfig.getPort()).sync();
System.out.println("-------Netty服务端启动成功 端口："+nettyConfig.getPort());
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
@SpringBootApplication
public class NettySpringbootApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(NettySpringbootApplication.class, args);
}
@Autowired
NettyWebSocketServer nettyWebSocketServer;
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
new Thread(nettyWebSocketServer).start();
}
}
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