python源码安装

linux系统

1.下载python3.7.3源码压缩包https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-373/

2.解压压缩包
sudo tar Jxvf Python-3.7.3.tar.xz

3.解决安装依赖
同时安装多个软件包（已安装的会自动忽略）, -y 表示对所有询问都回答 Yes
sudo apt-get install -y gcc make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev

Centos安装
yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
yum install -y libffi-devel zlib1g-dev
yum install zlib* -y

4.进入解压后目录终端执行
sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Python-3.7.3 --with-ssl --enable-optimizations

• 第一个指定安装的路径,不指定的话,安装过程中可能软件所需要的文件复制到其他不同目录,删除软件很不方便,复制软件也不方便.
• 第二个可以提高python10%-20%代码运行速度.
• 第三个是为了安装pip需要用到ssl,后面报错会有提到.

5.执行sudo make && sudo make install

6.设置环境变量
打开~/.bashrc文件，写入PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/Python3.7.3/bin
或者设置软链接
ln -s /usr/local/Python-3.7.3/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3

7.安装python所需的依赖
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
sudo apt-get install python3-venv

windows系统