JavaEE Day14 Servlet&HTTP&Request

今日内容
1、Servlet
2、HTTP协议
3、Request
一、Servlet
1、概念
2、步骤
3、执行原理
4、生命周期
5、Servlet 3.0注解配置
6、Servlet体系结构
Servlet---接口
        |
GenericServlet---抽象类
        |
 HttpServlet---抽象类
  • GenericServlet:将Servlet接口中的其他方法做了默认空实现,只将service()方法作为抽象
    • 将来定义Servlet类时,可以继承GenericServlet,实现service()方法即可
    • 其他方法可以复写重写@Override
    • 不用这种方式
  • HttpServlet:对http协议的一种封装,可以简化操作
    • 定义类去继承HttpServlet
    • 复写doget或dopost方法
7、Servlet相关配置
  1. urlpattern
    1. 一个Servlet可以定义多个访问路径   @WebServlet({"/demo4","/dd4"})
    2. 路径的定义规则 
      1. /XXX
      2. /XXX/XXX:多层路径/目录结构
      3. *.do/其他后缀名
二、HTTP
1、概念:Hyper Text Transfer Protocol 超文本传输协议
  • 传输协议:定义了客户端和服务器端通信时发送数据的格式
  • 特点:
    • 基于TCP/IP的高级协议
    • 默认端口好:80
    • 基于请求响应模型的:一次请求对应于一次响应
    • 无状态的协议:每次请求之间相互独立,多次请求响应之间不能交互数据
  • 历史版本
    • 1.0:每一次请求响应都会建立新的连接
    • 1.1:复用之前的连接(css、图片等,一个页面包含多个连接),对缓存的支持比较好
2、request请求消息数据格式
  • 请求行
    • 请求方式: 请求url  请求协议/版本
    • GET /login.html  HTTP1.1 
      •  HTTP有7种请求方式,常用的有两种
        • GET
          • 请求参数在请求行中/在url后
          • 请求的url长度是有限制的
          • 不太安全
        • POST
          • 请求参数在请求体中
          • 请求的url长度是没有限制的
          • 相对安全
  • 请求头
    • 请求头名称:请求头值


    • 常见的请求头
      • host:请求的主机
      • User-Agent:浏览器告诉服务器,访问时使用的浏览器版本信息
        • 可以在服务器端获取浏览器的信息,来解决兼容性问题


      • Accept:访问时可以相应的格式
      • Accept-Encoding:可以接收的编码或压缩格式
      • Refere:告诉服务器,我(当前请求)从哪里来
        • 作用
          • 防盗链
          • 统计工作
      • Connection:连接是否可以复用
      • Upgrade-Insecure-request:升级
  • 请求空行
    • 空行
  • 请求体/正文
    • 封装post请求消息请求体的
  • 字符串格式:
    GET /login.html HTTP1.1
三、Request
1、request对象和response对象的原理

通过request对象获取请求消息数据,通过response对象设置响应消息数据
注意:
  1. request和response对象是由服务器创建的,我们来使用而已
  2. request对象获取请求消息,response对象设置响应消息
2、request对象的继承体系结构
ServletRequest-----接口
            |  继承
HttpServletRequest---接口
            |  实现
org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade@3beac8b5(tomcat创建的类实现了上述接口)
3、Request对象的功能
  • 获取请求消息数据
    • 获取请求行数据
      • GET /day14/demo1?name=zhangsan HTTP/1.1
      • 方法
        • 获取请求方式:GET
          • String getMethod()  
        • (*)获取虚拟目录:/day14
          • String getContextPath()
        • 获取Servlet的路径:  /demo1
          • String getServlet()
        • 获取get方式的请求方式:name=zhangsan
          • String getQueryString()
        • (*)获取请求的URI:/day14/demo1
          • String getRequestURI():/day14/demo1
          • StringBuffer getRequestURL()  :http://localhost/day14/demo1
          • 区别
            • URL:统一资源定位符--http://localhost/day14/demo1,相当于中华人民共和国
            • URI:统一资源标识符--/day14/demo1,相当于共和国,范围大
        • 获取协议及版本 :HTTP/1.1
          • String getProtocol()
        • 获取客户机的IP地址
          • String getRemoteAddr()
代码
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 演示request对象获取请求行数据
 *
 * 获取请求行数据
 GET /day14/demo1?name=zhangsan HTTP/1.1
 方法
 获取请求方式:GET
 String getMethod()
 (*)获取虚拟目录:/day14
 String getContextPath()
 获取Servlet的路径:  /demo1
 String getServlet()
 获取get方式的请求方式:name=zhangsan
 String getQueryString()
 (*)获取请求的URI:/day14/demo1
 String getRequestURI():/day14/demo1
 StringBuffer getRequestURL()  :http://localhost/day14/demo1
 获取协议及版本 :HTTP/1.1
 String getProtocol()
 获取客户机的IP地址
 String getRemoteAddr()
 */
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo1")
public class RequestDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.获取请求方式
        System.out.println(request.getMethod());
        //2.(*)获取虚拟目录:/day14
        System.out.println(request.getContextPath());
        //3.获取Servlet的路径:  /demo1
        System.out.println(request.getServletPath());
        //获取get方式的请求方式:name=zhangsan
        System.out.println(request.getQueryString());
        //(*)获取请求的URI:/day14/demo1
        System.out.println(request.getRequestURI());
        System.out.println(request.getRequestURL());
        // 获取协议及版本 :HTTP/1.1
        System.out.println(request.getProtocol());
        //获取客户机的IP地址
        System.out.println(request.getRemoteAddr());
    }
}

    • 获取请求头数据
      • 方法
        • String getHeader(String name):通过请求头的名称获取请求头的值
        • Enumeration<String> getHeaderNames():获取所有请求头名称
          • 该接口的功能由Iterator接口复制。 此外, Iterator添加了可选的删除操作,并且具有较短的方法名称。 新的实现应该考虑使用Iterator ,而不是Enumeration 。 
代码演示
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;

/**
 * 演示获取请求头数据:user-agent
 */
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo3")
public class RequestDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据:user-agent
        String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
        //判断agent的浏览器版本
        if (agent.contains("Chrome")){
            //谷歌
            System.out.println("谷歌来了。。。");
            //以后可以解决兼容信息
        }else if (agent.contains("Firefox")){
            //火狐浏览器
            System.out.println("火狐来了");
        }
    }
}
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
 * 演示获取请求头数据:referer
 */
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo4")
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    }
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据:referer
        String referer = request.getHeader("referer");
        System.out.println(referer);
        //防盗链
        if (referer!=null){
            if (referer.contains("/day14")){
                //正常访问
                System.out.println("播放电影");
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                response.getWriter().write("播放电影");
            }else{
                //盗链
                System.out.println("想看电影吗,来优酷吧");
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                response.getWriter().write("想看电影吗,来优酷吧");
            }
        }

    }
}
    • 获取请求体数据
      • 请求体:只要POST方式,才有请求体,在请求体中封装了POST请求的请求参数
      • 步骤:
        • 获取流对象
          • BufferedReader getReader()  :获取字符输入流,只能操作字符数据
          • ServletInputStream getInputStream():获取字节输入流,可以操作所有类型数据【也可以字符】
            • 在文件上传知识点后讲解
        • 再从流对象中拿数据(字节流或字符流)
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/RequestDemo5")
public class RequestDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取请求消息体--请求参数
        //1.获取字符流
        BufferedReader br = request.getReader();
        //2.读取数据
        String line = null;
        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
            System.out.println(line);
        }
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/day14/RequestDemo5" method="post">
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入用户名" name="username"><br>
    <input type="password" placeholder="请输入密码" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>
4、其他功能
  • 获取请求参数通用方式:不论是get还是post请求方式都可以使用下列方法来获取请求参数
    • String getParameter(String name):根据参数名称获取参数值
      • 如:user=zs&password=123
    • String[] getParameterValues(String name):根据参数名称获取参数值的数组 
      • 如:hobby=xxx&hobby=111 复选框
    • Enumeration<String>  getParameterNames():获取所有请求的参数名称
    • Map<String,String[]> getParameterMap():获取参数键值对的集合
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

@WebServlet("/RequestDemo6")
public class RequestDemo6 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
       //post获取请求参数
        //根据参数名称获取参数值
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        /*System.out.println("post");
        System.out.println(username);*/
        //String[] getParameterValues(String name):根据参数名称获取参数值的数组
        String[] hobbies = request.getParameterValues("hobby");
        /*for (String hobby : hobbies) {
            System.out.println(hobby);
        }*/
        //Enumeration<String>  getParameterNames():获取所有请求的参数名称
        Enumeration<String> parameterNames = request.getParameterNames();
    /*    while(parameterNames.hasMoreElements()){
            String name = parameterNames.nextElement();
            System.out.println(name);
            String value = request.getParameter(name);
            System.out.println(value);
            System.out.println("-----------------");
        }*/
        //Map<String,String[]> getParameterMap():获取参数键值对的集合
        Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
        //遍历,keySet
        Set<String> keySet = parameterMap.keySet();
        for (String name : keySet) {
            //根据键获取值
            String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
            System.out.println(name);
            for (String value : values) {
                System.out.println(value);
            }
            System.out.println("-------------");
        }
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //post获取请求参数
        //根据参数名称获取参数值
        /*String username = request.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println("get");
        System.out.println(username);*/
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}
    • 产生的中文乱码问题
      • get方式:tomcat8已经将get方式乱码问题解决
      • post方式:会乱码
        • 解决:在获取参数前,设置request的编码request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

@WebServlet("/RequestDemo7")
public class RequestDemo7 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.设置流的字符集
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        //获取请求参数username
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println(username);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}
  • 请求转发:一种在服务器内部的资源跳转方式
    • 步骤
      • 通过request对象获取请求转发器对象:RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path)
      • 使用RequestDispatcher对象进行转发:void forward(ServletRequest request,ServletResponse response)
    • 特点【面试】:
      • 浏览器地址栏路径没有发生变化
      • 只能转发到当前服务器内部的资源中
      • 多个转发属于同一次请求
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/RequestDemo8")
public class RequestDemo8 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo8888888888被访问了");
        //转发到demo9资源
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/RequestDemo9").forward(request,response);
        //request.getRequestDispatcher("http://www.itcast.cn").forward(request,response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/RequestDemo9")
public class RequestDemo9 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo999999999999也被访问了");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}
  • 共享数据(域对象)
    • 域对象:一个有作用范围的对象,可以在范围内共享数据
    • request域:一次请求的范围,一般用于请求转发的多个资源中共享数据。(转发过程中共享数据)
    • 方法
      • void setAttribute(String name,Object obj ):存储数据
      • Object getAttribute(String name):通过键获取值
      • void removeAttribute(String name): 通过键移除键值对
  • 获取ServletContext对象
    • ServletContext getServletContext()

package cm.liujinhui.web.request;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/RequestDemo8")
public class RequestDemo8 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo8888888888被访问了");
        //存储数据到request中
        request.setAttribute("msg","hello");
        //转发到demo9资源
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/RequestDemo9").forward(request,response);
        //request.getRequestDispatcher("http://www.itcast.cn").forward(request,response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}
package cm.liujinhui.web.request;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/RequestDemo9")
public class RequestDemo9 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo999999999999也被访问了");
        //获取数据
        Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);
        ServletContext servletContext = request.getServletContext();
        System.out.println(servletContext);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}
四、登录案例
1、需求描述
用户登录案例需求:
  •  1.编写login.html登录页面
  •   username & password 两个输入框
  •  2.使用Druid数据库连接池技术,操作mysql,day14数据库中user表
  •  3.使用JdbcTemplate技术封装JDBC
  •  4.登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示:登录成功!用户名,欢迎您
  •  5.登录失败跳转到FailServlet展示:登录失败,用户名或密码错误
2、分析
Dao:Database Access Object


3、开发步骤
  • 创建项目,导入html页面,配置文件,jar包
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/day14_test/LoginServlet" method="get">
        用户名:<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
        密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>

        <input type="submit" value="登录">

    </form>
</body>
</html>
  • 创建数据库环境
CREATE DATABASE day14;

USE day14;

CREATE TABLE USER(
	id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
	username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
	PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
);
  • 创建包:cn.itcast.domain,创建User类(包和类一次创建好)
package cn.liujinhui.domain;

/**
 * 用户的实体类JavaBean
 */
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

  • 先写操作数据库逻辑的代码,再写对应的Servlet
package cn.liujinhui.util;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * JDBC的工具类 使用Durid连接池
 */
public class JDBCUtils {
    private static DataSource ds;
    static{
        //1.加载配置文件
        Properties pro = new Properties();
        //使用ClassLoader加载配置文件,获取字节输入流
        InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
        try {
            pro.load(is);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //2.初始化连接对象
        try {
            ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 文档注释
     * 获取连接池对象
     */
    public static DataSource getDataSource(){
        return ds;
    }


    /**
     * 获取连接Connection对象
     */
    public static Connection  getConnection() throws SQLException {
        return ds.getConnection();
    }
}
  • 创建包cn.liujinhui.dao,创建类UserDao,提供login方法
package cn.liujinhui.dao;

import cn.liujinhui.domain.User;
import cn.liujinhui.util.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

/**
 * 操作数据库中User表的类
 */
public class UserDao {
    //声明JDBCTemplate对象公用
    private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
    /**
     * 文档注释:登录方法
     * @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
     * @return User 包含用户全部数据;没有查询到,返回null
     * 需要使用druid连接池才能实现,先创建一个工具类
     */
    public User login(User loginUser){
        try {
            //1.编写sql
            String sql= "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
            //2.调用query方法
            User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
                    new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
                    loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
            return user;
        } catch (DataAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
}
  • 编写cn.liujinhui.web.servlet.LoginServlet类
package cn.liujinhui.web.servlet;

import cn.liujinhui.domain.User;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class successServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //给页面写一句话
        //设置编码
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //获取request中共享的user对象
        User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
        if (user!=null){
            //输出
            response.getWriter().write("登录成功!"+user.getUsername()+",欢迎您");
        }
    }
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}
package cn.liujinhui.web.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/failServlet")
public class failServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //给页面写一句话
        //设置编码
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //输出
        response.getWriter().write("登录失败,用户名或密码错误");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

  • 注意:login.html中form表单的action路径的写法
    • 虚拟目录+Servlet的资源路径
package cn.liujinhui.test;

import cn.liujinhui.dao.UserDao;
import cn.liujinhui.domain.User;
import org.junit.Test;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void testLogin(){
        User loginuser = new User();
        loginuser.setUsername("superbaby");
        loginuser.setPassword("123");
        UserDao dao = new UserDao();
        User user = dao.login(loginuser);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql:///day14
username=root
password=root
initialSize=5
maxActive=10
maxWait=3000
4、通过BeanUtils类,简化数据封装,一次把所有数据获取出来
package cn.liujinhui.web.servlet;

import cn.liujinhui.dao.UserDao;
import cn.liujinhui.domain.User;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.Map;

@WebServlet("/LoginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.设置编码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        //2.获取请求参数
        /*String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        //3.封装user对象
        User loginUser = new User();
        loginUser.setUsername(username);
        loginUser.setPassword(password);*/
        //2.获取所有请求参数
        Map<String, String[]> map = req.getParameterMap();
        //3.创建User对象
        User loginUser = new User();
        //3.2使用BeanU体力上封装
        try {
            BeanUtils.populate(loginUser,map);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //4.调用UserDao的login方法
        UserDao userDao = new UserDao();
        try {
            User user = userDao.login(loginUser);
            //5.判断uswr
            if(user==null){
                //登录失败
                req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
            }else{
                //登录成功
                //存储数据
                req.setAttribute("user",user);
                req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
            }
        } catch (ServletException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doGet(req, resp);
    }
}
5、BeanUtils介绍
用于封装JavaBean的
  • JavaBean:标准的Java类【domain】
    • 定义要求
      • 类必须被public修饰
      • 必须提供空参的构造器
      • 成员变量必须使用private修饰
      • 必须提供公共的getter和setter方法
    • 功能:封装数据
  • 概念
    • 成员变量
    • 属性:setter和getter方法截取后的产物
      • 例如:getUsername()--->Username--->username
      • 大多数情况一样,可以不一样
  • 方法:
    • setProperty()
    • getProperty()
    • populate(Object obj , Map map):将map集合的键值对信息,封装到对应的JavaBean对象中
package cn.liujinhui.domain;

/**
 * 用户的实体类JavaBean
 */
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String gender;
    public void setHehe(String gender){
        this.gender=gender;
    }
    public String getHehe(){
        return gender;
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
package cn.liujinhui.test;

import cn.liujinhui.domain.User;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

public class BeanUtilsTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        User user = new User();
        try {
            BeanUtils.setProperty(user,"hehe","male");
            System.out.println(user);
            String gender = BeanUtils.getProperty(user, "hehe");
            System.out.println(gender);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}




posted @ 2021-02-16 21:57  哥们要飞  阅读(70)  评论(0)    收藏  举报