horizon源码分析(二)

源码版本:H版

一、简要回顾

对于请求:

地址:/dashboard/admin/instances/
方式:POST
参数:
instances_filter_q
actioninstances__soft_reboot__89a8849b-a3cd-4ce0-9158-c3dd69e8508e

 

URL绑定为:

openstack_dashboard/dashboards/admin/instances/urls.py

 

二、目录结构

 

三、请求的响应

  接下来主要分析如下代码:

openstack_dashboard/dashboards/admin/instances/views.py

views.AdminIndexView.as_view()

  Djangogeneric view说起.... generic view中的as_view()可以返回一个Djangoview函数,该view函数会构造出类实例,将as_view()中传入的参数设置为该实例的属性,然后调用dispatch函数,dispatch函数通常会将request请求转给类中的postget函数。generic view的主要使用方法是用子类重写其中的属性或方法。详细情况可以参考Django官方文档:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/class-based-views/Django框架的深入了解对于理解Horizon十分必要,as_view函数最终达到的效果还是将处理逻辑放入post函数或get函数中,这点和其他网络框架类似。

   分析AdminIndexView.as_view(),由于请求的方式为POST,其会调用该类的post函数。先看看AdminIndexView类中的属性设置如下:

openstack_dashboard/dashboards/admin/instances/views.py

class AdminIndexView(tables.DataTableView):
    table_class = project_tables.AdminInstancesTable
  template_name = 'admin/instances/index.html'

  由于AdminIndexView -> DataTableView -> MultiTableView,类关系如下图所示。追踪到MultiTableView.post,post函数会调用该类的get函数。

 

1、  DataTableView、DataTableAction三者的说明

  这里为了后面分析的方便,先对DataTableView、DataTable、Action进行一番说明,如下:

(参考:http://docs.openstack.org/developer/horizon/topics/tables.html

1)DataTableView簇有如下属性:

_data={

表名:data(通过get_data函数获得)

...

}

 

_tables={

表名:table实例

}

table=table实例

 

说明:本例中data为一个包含instancelist

  DataTableView可以通过table_class绑定具体的DataTable,通过get_data函数获取data,该函数通常调用openstack_dashboard/api模块获取数据,最后,DataTableView通过handle_table函数负责将datatable挂钩,或者处理table行为。DataTableView正如其名字一样,拥有tabledata,负责处理data的获取,Table的创建,以及二者的绑定等。 

2)DataTable:

  DataTable规定了tablecolumnaction,可以处理和table绑定的data,take_action函数负责处理action。以AdminInstanceTable的创建过程为例,其中使用了metaclassDataTable及其子类进行修改,具体解释如下:

  先观察AdminInstancesTable类和DataTableOptions类:

class AdminInstancesTable(tables.DataTable):
    ...
    class Meta:
        name = "instances"
        verbose_name = _("Instances")
        status_columns = ["status", "task"]
        table_actions = (project_tables.TerminateInstance,
                         AdminInstanceFilterAction)
        row_class = AdminUpdateRow
        row_actions = (project_tables.ConfirmResize,
                       project_tables.RevertResize,
                       AdminEditInstance,
                       project_tables.ConsoleLink,
                       project_tables.LogLink,
                       project_tables.CreateSnapshot,
                       project_tables.TogglePause,
                       project_tables.ToggleSuspend,
                       MigrateInstance,
                       project_tables.SoftRebootInstance,
                       project_tables.RebootInstance,
                       project_tables.TerminateInstance)
class DataTableOptions(object):
    def __init__(self, options):
        self.name = getattr(options, 'name', self.__class__.__name__)
        verbose_name = getattr(options, 'verbose_name', None) \
                                    or self.name.title()
        self.verbose_name = verbose_name
        self.columns = getattr(options, 'columns', None)
        self.status_columns = getattr(options, 'status_columns', [])
        self.table_actions = getattr(options, 'table_actions', [])
        self.row_actions = getattr(options, 'row_actions', [])
        self.row_class = getattr(options, 'row_class', Row)
        self.column_class = getattr(options, 'column_class', Column)
        self.pagination_param = getattr(options, 'pagination_param', 'marker')
        ... 

  接着分析metaclass对类的修改...

class DataTable(object):
  __metaclass__ = DataTableMetaclass
class DataTableMetaclass(type):
  def __new__(mcs, name, bases, attrs):
    # Process options from Meta
    class_name = name
    """将类中的Meta转变为DataTableOptions,添加为类的_meta属性"""
    attrs["_meta"] = opts = DataTableOptions(attrs.get("Meta", None))
    # Gather columns; this prevents the column from being an attribute
    # on the DataTable class and avoids naming conflicts.
    """将类中的column属性聚集作为新的列属性,阻止其作为类属性"""
    columns = []
    for attr_name, obj in attrs.items():
      if issubclass(type(obj), (opts.column_class, Column)):
        column_instance = attrs.pop(attr_name)
        column_instance.name = attr_name
        column_instance.classes.append('normal_column')
        columns.append((attr_name, column_instance))
    columns.sort(key=lambda x: x[1].creation_counter)
 
    # Iterate in reverse to preserve final order
    for base in bases[::-1]:
      if hasattr(base, 'base_columns'):
        columns = base.base_columns.items() + columns
    attrs['base_columns'] = SortedDict(columns)
 
    ...
 
    """收集row_action和table_action对象"""
    actions = list(set(opts.row_actions) | set(opts.table_actions))
    actions.sort(key=attrgetter('name'))
    actions_dict = SortedDict([(action.name, action())
                                   for action in actions])
    attrs['base_actions'] = actions_dict
    if opts._filter_action:
      # Replace our filter action with the instantiated version
      opts._filter_action = actions_dict[opts._filter_action.name]
 
    # Create our new class!
    return type.__new__(mcs, name, bases, attrs)

  总结概况如下图:

说明:使用metaclass对类进行修改,这样极大地增加了程序的可扩展性和灵活性,但同时复杂度也增大。metaclass的理解可以参考:

http://blog.csdn.net/psh2009/article/details/10330747

http://jianpx.iteye.com/blog/908121 

3)Action簇:

  利用action函数进行处理

   

  继续分析MultiTableView类的get函数,如下:

 horizon/tables/views.py

MultiTableView类:
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
  handled = self.construct_tables()
  if handled:
    return handled
  """如果handled不为空则表明只是处理table,无需再次用table渲染模板并返回;否则的话就需要渲染模板。具体渲染操作如下"""
  context = self.get_context_data(**kwargs)
  return self.render_to_response(context)
 
 
 
 
def construct_tables(self):
  """根据类中的table_class属性绑定的DataTable类,创建或返回DataTable对象,此处为AdminInstancesTable对象 """
  tables = self.get_tables().values()
  # Early out before data is loaded
  for table in tables:
    """如果当前请求需要预处理或者是AJAX更新操作,将在如下函数中进行,特别注意,此处正是AJAX发送行更新请求的响应处"""
    preempted = table.maybe_preempt()
    if preempted:
      return preempted
  # Load data into each table and check for action handlers
  for table in tables:
    handled = self.handle_table(table)
    if handled:
      return handled
  return None 
MultiTableMixin类:
def handle_table(self, table):
  name = table.name
  """获取数据,此处暂且不深入分析"""
  data = self._get_data_dict()
  """获取与该DataTable相关的数据,并将数据和该DataTable挂钩"""
  self._tables[name].data = data[table._meta.name]
  """有关翻页的设置,此处暂且不管"""
  self._tables[name]._meta.has_more_data = self.has_more_data(table)
  """此处为调用AdminInstancesTable.maybe_handle函数"""
  handled = self._tables[name].maybe_handle()
  return handled

 horizon/tables/base.py

DataTable类:
def maybe_handle(self):
  """
  Determine whether the request should be handled by any action on this
  table after data has been loaded.
  """
  request = self.request
  """获取request中的数据,这里为
  table_name=’instances’
  action_name=’soft_reboot’
  obj_id=’89a8849b-a3cd-4ce0-9158-c3dd69e8508e’
  """
  table_name, action_name, obj_id = self.check_handler(request)
  if table_name == self.name and action_name:
    action_names = [action.name for action in
      self.base_actions.values() if not action.preempt]
    # do not run preemptive actions here
    if action_name in action_names:
      return self.take_action(action_name, obj_id)
  return None
 

   为了后面的继续分析,先看Action簇的类关系如下:

 

  继续分析take_action函数... 

horizon/tables/base.py

DataTable类:
"""
action_name=’soft_reboot’
obj_id=’89a8849b-a3cd-4ce0-9158-c3dd69e8508e’
"""
def take_action(self, action_name, obj_id=None, obj_ids=None):
  obj_ids = obj_ids or self.request.POST.getlist('object_ids')
  """得到SoftRebootInstance实例"""
  action = self.base_actions.get(action_name, None)
  if not action or action.method != self.request.method:
    return None
 
  if not action.requires_input or obj_id or obj_ids:
    if obj_id:
      obj_id = self.sanitize_id(obj_id)
    if obj_ids:
      obj_ids = [self.sanitize_id(i) for i in obj_ids]
    """SoftRebootInstance->RebootInstance->BatchAction->Action,由于BatchAction有handle函数,所以在Action的__init__()中将属性handles_multiple设置为True
    """
    if not action.handles_multiple:       response = action.single(self, self.request, obj_id)     else:#进入此项       if obj_id:         obj_ids = [obj_id]       response = action.multiple(self, self.request, obj_ids)     return response   elif action and action.requires_input and not (obj_id or obj_ids):     messages.info(self.request, _("Please select a row before taking that action."))   return None

  注意,这里使用了一个trick,如下:

horizon/tables/actions.py

Action类:
def __init__(...):
  ...
  if not has_multiple and self.handles_multiple:
    def multiple(self, data_table, request, object_ids):
      return self.handle(data_table, request, object_ids)
    """为该实例动态绑定multiple方法,其实质为调用handle方法"""
    self.multiple = new.instancemethod(multiple, self) 

  所以,接下来分析BatchAction中的handle函数...

horizon/tables/actions.py

  BatchAction类:
   def handle(self, table, request, obj_ids):
        action_success = []
        action_failure = []
        action_not_allowed = []
        for datum_id in obj_ids:
            datum = table.get_object_by_id(datum_id)
            datum_display = table.get_object_display(datum) or _("N/A")
            if not table._filter_action(self, request, datum):
                action_not_allowed.append(datum_display)
                LOG.info('Permission denied to %s: "%s"' %
                         (self._conjugate(past=True).lower(), datum_display))
                continue
            try:
                self.action(request, datum_id)
                self.update(request, datum)
                action_success.append(datum_display)
                self.success_ids.append(datum_id)
                LOG.info('%s: "%s"' %
                         (self._conjugate(past=True), datum_display))
            except Exception as ex:
                if getattr(ex, "_safe_message", None):
                    ignore = False
                else:
                    ignore = True
                    action_failure.append(datum_display)
                exceptions.handle(request, ignore=ignore)
 
        ...
        return shortcuts.redirect(self.get_success_url(request)) 

 openstack_dashboard/dashboards/project/instances/tables.py

SoftRebootInstance类:
class SoftRebootInstance(RebootInstance):
    name = "soft_reboot"
    action_present = _("Soft Reboot")
    action_past = _("Soft Rebooted")
 
    def action(self, request, obj_id):
        api.nova.server_reboot(request, obj_id, soft_reboot=True)

  在此总结一下,处理的流程大概是DataTableView首先获取Data和Table,然后将Data和Table绑定,如果有对Table的处理则调用Table的函数进行处理,通常最终会落实到Table中Row所对应的Action。补充一下关于返回Table的渲染,首先在template中使用Table对象进行模板渲染,然后Table使用Row进行渲染,Row使用Cell进行渲染,和表格的形式一致。在Row的构造中会绑定Ajax信息,用来对Row进行轮询更新。

 

 四、workflows处理流程

  一般Dashboard都不只包含DataTableView,还有很多其他View类,其中WorkflowView比较常见。这里简单说明一下,主要以POST请求为例。经过对DataTableView的分析,很容易明白WorkflowView的处理流程,主要见下图。其中普遍存在用类属性来表明绑定关系的特点,所以图中上面一排的虚线表示类的相互绑定关系,下面的虚线则表明类的调用关系。注意Workflow的finalize函数会先依次调用各个Step的Action的handle方法,然后会调用自己的handle方法做最后的处理!更加详细的说明可以参考:http://docs.openstack.org/developer/horizon/ref/workflows.html

 

参考文档:

http://docs.openstack.org/developer/horizon/

 

 

posted on 2014-09-22 21:00  小杰鱼  阅读(2665)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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