Python内置函数(37)——sorted

英文文档:

sorted(iterable[, key][, reverse])

Return a new sorted list from the items in iterable.

Has two optional arguments which must be specified as keyword arguments.

key specifies a function of one argument that is used to extract a comparison key from each list element: key=str.lower. The default value is None (compare the elements directly).

reverse is a boolean value. If set to True, then the list elements are sorted as if each comparison were reversed.

Use functools.cmp_to_key() to convert an old-style cmp function to a key function.

The built-in sorted() function is guaranteed to be stable. A sort is stable if it guarantees not to change the relative order of elements that compare equal — this is helpful for sorting in multiple passes (for example, sort by department, then by salary grade).

   对可迭代对象进行排序,生成一个新的可迭代对象

说明:

  1. 函数功能对一个可迭代对象进行排序,返回一个排序后列表,原来的列表不变。

>>> a = sorted('dcabegf')
>>> a # 返回结果是列表
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g']

  2. 函数调用时可以提供一个可选的命名参数key,它是一个方法,默认值是None,用来指定具体排序的算法;函数对可迭代对象每个元素使用key算法后再排序,返回的任然是可迭代对象中的元素。

>>> a = ['a','b','d','c','B','A']
>>> a
['a', 'b', 'd', 'c', 'B', 'A']

>>> sorted(a) # 默认按字符ascii码排序
['A', 'B', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd']

>>> sorted(a,key = str.lower) # 转换成小写后再排序,'a'和'A'值一样,'b'和'B'值一样
['a', 'A', 'b', 'B', 'c', 'd']

  3. 函数调用时可以提供一个可选的命名参数reverse,它的默认值是False,用来排序结果是否倒转。

>>> a = sorted('dcabegf')
>>> a
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g']

>>> a = sorted('dcabegf',reverse = True) # 排序结果倒置
>>> a
['g', 'f', 'e', 'd', 'c', 'b', 'a']

 

posted @ 2017-12-29 16:03  lincappu  阅读(269)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报