webSocket实现多人聊天功能
webSocket实现多人在线聊天
主要思路如下:
1.使用vue构建简单的聊天室界面
2.基于nodeJs 的webSocket开启一个socket后台服务,前端使用H5的webSocket来创建一个socket对象来链接后端的socket服务
3.后端开启一个socket服务后,可以监听到客户端的链接,以及客户端发送过来的消息;也可以主动给客户端发送消息,例如:当有新的客户端连接的时候,服务端主动给所有连接的客户发消息,让所有人都知道有新的用户加入聊天室
4.前端new一个webSocket实例,去连接socket服务,然后客户端和服务端就可以实现双向通讯了,连接到后端服务之后,我们就可以向服务端发送消息了,并且也可以监听到服务端发送过来的消息。
5.双向通讯建立起来之后,可以根据功能需求来进行相应的代码逻辑
一、使用vue构建一个简单的项目,并开发一个简单的聊天页面

聊天页面代码,前端的主要逻辑都在这里 chating/index.vue
<template>
<div class="chating">
<div class="chating-wrap">
<div class="title">聊天页面</div>
<div class="chating-content">
<div class="chating-body">
<div class="chating-list">
<ul class="chating-records">
<div :key="index" v-for="(item, index) in chatingRecords">
<li class="other" v-show="item.nickName != myNickName">
<img alt="用户头像" src="../../assets/logo.png" />
<div class="record-text-wrap">
<div class="nick-name">{{item.nickName}}</div>
<div class="record-text">{{item.message}}</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="my" v-show="item.nickName == myNickName">
<div class="record-text-wrap">
<!-- <div class="nick-name">迷离</div> -->
<div class="record-text">{{item.message}}</div>
</div>
<img alt="用户头像" src="../../assets/logo.png" />
</li>
</div>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="chating-btns">
<input class="input-text" placeholder="请输入聊天内容" type="text" v-model="text" />
<button @click="sendData" class="send">发送</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="chating-online-number">
<div class="online-num">在线用户{{userList.length}}</div>
<ul v-if="userList.length > 0">
<li :key="index" class="user" v-for="(item, index) in userList">
<img alt="用户头像" src="../../assets/logo.png" />
<span>{{item.userName}}</span>
</li>
</ul>
<button @click="loginOutHandler">退出群聊</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="login" v-if="showLogin">
<div class="opacity-wrap">
<div>
用户名:
<input class="user-name" v-model="userName" />
</div>
<button @click="loginHandler" class="login-btn">登录</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
data () {
return {
text: '',
socketUrl: 'ws://localhost:8888?userName=', // socket服务地址
client: null, // webSocket实例
chatingRecords: [], // 聊天记录
myNickName: '', // 是否是自己
userName: '',
showLogin: false,
userList: []
}
},
created () {
console.log('created')
// this.initChaing()
},
mounted () {
console.log('mounted')
},
methods: {
/* 初始化聊天,连接socket */
initChaing () {
let that = this
if (window.WebSocket) {
/* webSocket 连接服务器 */
this.client = new WebSocket(this.socketUrl + this.myNickName)
/* 监听客户端连接 */
this.client.onopen = function (ev) {
if (ev.type === 'open') {
console.log('客户端连接socket服务')
}
}
/* 监听服务端发送的消息 */
this.client.onmessage = function (ev) {
let data = JSON.parse(ev.data)
/* 用户在线信息接收的是一个jsony数组 */
if (data instanceof Array === true) {
that.userList = data // 在线用户数量变化
} else {
/* 聊天信息接收的是一个json对象 */
that.chatingRecords.push(data) // 在线用户聊天
}
}
/* 监听服务端关闭 */
this.client.onclose = function (ev) {
console.log('socket服务已关闭')
that.client = null // 客户端或者是服务端断开后,将webSocket实例清除
}
/* 监听服务端异常 */
this.client.onerror = function () {
if (!that.client) {
console.log('socket服务连接失败')
}
that.loginOutHandler()
}
} else {
alert('该浏览器不支持webSocket,请使用主流浏览器,如chrome')
}
},
loginHandler () {
this.myNickName = this.userName
this.showLogin = false
/* 登录成功后再连接服务,是为了连接服务的时候把用户信息发过去 */
this.initChaing()
},
loginOutHandler () {
this.client.close()
this.client = null // 客户端或者是服务端断开后,将webSocket实例清除
this.$router.push('/')
},
sendData () {
if (!this.myNickName) {
alert('请登录')
this.showLogin = true
return
}
let data = {
nickName: this.myNickName,
uid: new Date().getTime(),
message: this.text,
date: new Date()
}
if (this.client) {
this.client.send(JSON.stringify(data))
this.text = ''
} else {
console.log('socket服务连接失败,正在重新连接服务..')
this.initChaing()
}
}
},
beforeDestroy () {
this.client.close()
}
}
</script>
<style lang="">
.login {
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
.opacity-wrap {
width: 500px;
height: 300px;
background: #fff;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
flex-direction: column;
}
.user-name {
font-size: 16px;
padding: 5px;
text-indent: 10px;
}
.login-btn {
font-size: 20px;
background: cornflowerblue;
color: 20px;
margin-top: 30px;
color: #fff;
border: none;
outline: none;
padding: 10px 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
}
ul {
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.chating {
max-width: 800px;
border: 20px solid lightcyan;
border-radius: 20px;
margin: 0 auto 0;
}
.title {
background: cornflowerblue;
color: #fff;
padding: 5px 0 5px;
}
.chating-content {
width: 100%;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.chating-body {
flex: 1;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: space-between;
background: #f3f3f3;
}
.chating-list {
flex: 1;
border: 1px solid cornflowerblue;
}
.chating-records {
padding: 10px;
min-height: 300px;
max-height: 600px;
overflow-y: auto;
}
.chating-records li {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.chating-records .other {
display: flex;
justify-content: start;
align-items: flex-start;
}
.chating-records .my {
display: flex;
justify-content: flex-end;
align-items: center;
}
.chating-records img {
width: 36px;
height: 36px;
/* border-radius: 50%; */
margin-right: 15px;
background: purple;
}
.chating-records .my img {
margin-right: 0;
margin-left: 15px;
}
.chating-records .other .record-text-wrap {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-start;
}
.chating-records .my .record-text-wrap {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-end;
}
.nick-name {
font-size: 14px;
margin-bottom: 5px;
color: #666;
}
.record-text {
max-width: 260px;
text-align: left;
font-size: 14px;
padding: 5px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.chating-btns {
background: burlywood;
padding: 10px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
.input-text {
font-size: 16px;
border: none;
outline: none;
padding: 5px 0 5px 5px;
}
.send {
font-size: 16px;
border: none;
outline: none;
padding: 4px 15px;
margin-left: 20px;
}
.online-num {
font-size: 12px;
padding-bottom: 15px;
}
.chating-online-number {
padding: 15px;
height: 100%;
}
.chating-online-number ul {
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
min-width: 120px;
max-height: 580px;
overflow-y: auto;
}
.user {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-content: center;
line-height: 20px;
font-size: 12px;
border-bottom: 1px solid aqua;
padding: 10px;
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.user img {
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
border-radius: 50%;
margin-right: 5px;
background: palevioletred;
}
</style>
二、使用nodeJs搭建一个webSocket服务
webSocket.js文件
/* 首先在根目录下安装nodeJs的ws模块:npm install ws */ /* 引入nodejs的webSocket模块 */ var WebSocket = require('ws').Server var moment = require('moment') /* 创建一个webSocket实例 */ var wss = new WebSocket({ url: 'localhost', // webSocket服务的ip port: 8888 // webSocket服务的端口 }) /* socketId */ var id = 0 var onlineMemberList = [] var defaultUser = 'user' /* 监听客户端连接 */ wss.on('connection', function (ws, req) { id++ ws.id = id // 给每个连接的客户端绑定一个id let reqUser = req.url.split('?')[1] let name = reqUser && reqUser.split('=')[1] let userName if (name) { /* 因为传过来的名字可能是中文的,这里需要解码,否则前端接收到的是一堆编码后的字符串 */ userName = decodeURIComponent(name) } else { userName = defaultUser + id } var userInfo = { userName: userName, socketId: id, date: moment().format('MMMM Do YYYY, h:mm:ss a') } /* 当用户名一样的时候,表示重新登录 */ for (var i = 0; i < onlineMemberList.length; i++) { if (userInfo.userName === onlineMemberList[i].userName) { onlineMemberList[i] = userInfo wss.clients.forEach(itemWs => { itemWs.send(JSON.stringify(onlineMemberList)) }) return } } onlineMemberList.push(userInfo) wss.clients.forEach(itemWs => { itemWs.send(JSON.stringify(onlineMemberList)) }) /* 监听客户端发过来的信息 */ ws.on('message', function (data) { console.log(data) let newData = JSON.parse(data) newData.serveDate = moment().format('MMMM Do YYYY, h:mm:ss a') /* 给所有连接的客户端发送数据 */ wss.clients.forEach(itemWs => { itemWs.send(JSON.stringify(newData)) }) /* 给最后一个连接的客户端发送数据 */ // ws.send(JSON.stringify(newData)) }) /* 监听客户端关闭 */ ws.on('close', function (ev) { console.log('客户端断开连接') /* 监听到用户断开连接后,将在线的重新广播给所有有人 */ onlineMemberList = onlineMemberList.filter(item => { return item.socketId !== ws.id }) wss.clients.forEach(itemWs => { itemWs.send(JSON.stringify(onlineMemberList)) }) console.log(onlineMemberList, 'onlineMemberList') console.log(ws.id, 'ws.id') }) /* 监听客户端发生异常 */ ws.on('error', function (ve) { console.log('客户端异常') }) }) console.log('webSocket服务已开启,端口为:8888')
为了方便管理代码,我把webSocket服务的代码放到了vue项目根目录下的socketServe文件夹下面,在启动vue项目之前先要来到这个文件夹里面开启socket服务,才能在聊天界面连接到服务器
github地址:https://github.com/yanhuomili/chatingGroup

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