模块学习之random模块

【一】导入模块

import random

【二】随机小数

# 【1】默认区间的小数(random)：0~1之间的小数
import random

num = random.random()
print(num)  # 0.8286527462581516

# 【2】指定区间的小数(uniform)
import random

num = random.uniform(1, 10)
print(num)  # 1.5872049351062056

【三】随机整数

# 【1】随机区间整数(randint)
import random

num = random.randint(1,10)
print(num)  # 5

# 【2】随机区间奇偶数(randrange)
import random

num = random.randrange(1, 10, 3)
print(num)  # 1

【四】随机选择返回

# 【1】随机返回一个(choice)
import random

num_list = [i for i in range(1, 10)]
num = random.choice(num_list)
print(num)  # 2

# 【2】随机指定个数(sample)；指定待选择项和返回的个数
import random

num_list = [i for i in range(1, 10)]
num = random.sample(num_list, 4)
print(num)  # [3, 7, 2, 8]
# 也可以在用choices方法在括号指定关键字k的个数
print(random.choices(num_list, k=3))  # [4, 8, 6]

【五】打乱列表顺序

import random

num_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
random.shuffle(num_list)
print(num_list)  # [2, 1, 4, 5, 3]

【六】练习

#六位随机数字+大小写验证码
import random


def get_code():
    code = ''
    for i in range(6):
        num = random.randint(0, 9)
        big_letter = chr(random.randint(65, 90))
        small_letter = chr(random.randint(97, 122))
        add = random.choice([num, big_letter, small_letter])
        code = ''.join([code, str(add)])
    return code


print(get_code())  # dwL112