Handle源码分析,深入群内了解风骚的Handle机制

Hanlder的使用方式一:

 1 private static Handler mHandler =  new Handler(){
 2         public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
 3             switch (msg.what) {
 4             case ONE:
 5                 
 6                 break;
 7 
 8             default:
 9                 break;
10             }
11         };
12     };

Handler的使用方式二:

 1     public void startHandlerThread(){
 2         HandlerThread mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("TestHandler");
 3         mHandlerThread.start();
 4         Handler mHandler = new Handler(mHandlerThread.getLooper()){
 5             @Override
 6             public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
 7                 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 8                 super.handleMessage(msg);
 9             }
10         };
11     }

第二种比较通用,为什么这么说类,原因就是HandlerTrehad是个Thread,在run方法内部已经完成了Looper.prepare()的方法的调用,所以即使在子线程中也不会有任何问题

 

基本的使用就暂时说这些!!!!!

进入咱们今天的正题,深入裙内分析Handler源码:

 

 1 /**
 2      * Sends a Message containing only the what value.
 3      *  
 4      * @return Returns true if the message was successfully placed in to the 
 5      *         message queue.  Returns false on failure, usually because the
 6      *         looper processing the message queue is exiting.
 7      */
 8     public final boolean sendEmptyMessage(int what)
 9     {
10         return sendEmptyMessageDelayed(what, 0);
11     }

关于sendMessage就暂时拿这个进入问题内部;

Line10:说的很明确,调用delay方法,传入delay事件零毫秒,在跟进一步

 1  /**
 2      * Sends a Message containing only the what value, to be delivered
 3      * after the specified amount of time elapses.
 4      * @see #sendMessageDelayed(android.os.Message, long) 
 5      * 
 6      * @return Returns true if the message was successfully placed in to the 
 7      *         message queue.  Returns false on failure, usually because the
 8      *         looper processing the message queue is exiting.
 9      */
10     public final boolean sendEmptyMessageDelayed(int what, long delayMillis) {
11         Message msg = Message.obtain();
12         msg.what = what;
13         return sendMessageDelayed(msg, delayMillis);
14     }

  这个方法为每个Handler消息进行封装一个Message对象,然后继续调用delay方法,但是这个方法的参数和之前的不一样,不通点就是接受一个Mesage对象,和一个延迟的时间。

  Line11:从缓存中读取Mesage对象,如果没有则直接创建;

  Line12,绑定What,回头再handlerMessage()方法中要用到;充当Swith的case;

  继续深入:

1 public final boolean sendMessageDelayed(Message msg, long delayMillis)
2     {
3         if (delayMillis < 0) {
4             delayMillis = 0;
5         }
6         return sendMessageAtTime(msg, SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + delayMillis);
7     }

  该出进行了容错处理防止你瞎传值;

  然后调用方法sendMessageAtTime这里的参数需要说明下:为什么SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + delayMillis这块的意思是加当当前系统时间,其实意思很明显如果你的延迟时间是一秒,那么这个一一秒的起始点,自然就是从当前算起,不然你仅仅说一秒,那么从什么时候开始那,这里就是这个意思了!!!

  来继续看方法sendMessageAtTime

 1 public boolean sendMessageAtTime(Message msg, long uptimeMillis)
 2     {
 3         boolean sent = false;
 4         MessageQueue queue = mQueue;
 5         if (queue != null) {
 6             msg.target = this;
 7             sent = queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis);
 8         }
 9         else {
10             RuntimeException e = new RuntimeException(
11                 this + " sendMessageAtTime() called with no mQueue");
12             Log.w("Looper", e.getMessage(), e);
13         }
14         return sent;
15     }

  这个是Message入队的操作,看代码,既然说到入队,那么自然就少不了需要队列来存储这个Message,Line4,得到这个消息队列。然后准备入队;

  Line6:这个操作很重要,为什么要交付这个Targe,因为这里在出队列的时候要用到,出队后要调用handlermessge方法,进行消息处理,如何调用handlemessge方法,在Android的世界里基本就是指对象,很显然这里targe指向了当前对象this;(不懂没关系,后边会在补充讲解)

  Line7:进行入队操作,返回入队的最终结果,如果是true则代表成功入队,否则为失败;

 1 final boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
 2         if (msg.when != 0) {
 3             throw new AndroidRuntimeException(msg
 4                     + " This message is already in use.");
 5         }
 6         if (msg.target == null && !mQuitAllowed) {
 7             throw new RuntimeException("Main thread not allowed to quit");
 8         }
 9         final boolean needWake;
10         synchronized (this) {
11             if (mQuiting) {
12                 RuntimeException e = new RuntimeException(
13                     msg.target + " sending message to a Handler on a dead thread");
14                 Log.w("MessageQueue", e.getMessage(), e);
15                 return false;
16             } else if (msg.target == null) {
17                 mQuiting = true;
18             }
19 
20             msg.when = when;
21             //Log.d("MessageQueue", "Enqueing: " + msg);
22             Message p = mMessages;
23             if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
24                 msg.next = p;
25                 mMessages = msg;
26                 needWake = mBlocked; // new head, might need to wake up
27             } else {
28                 Message prev = null;
29                 while (p != null && p.when <= when) {
30                     prev = p;
31                     p = p.next;
32                 }
33                 msg.next = prev.next;
34                 prev.next = msg;
35                 needWake = false; // still waiting on head, no need to wake up
36             }
37         }
38         if (needWake) {
39             nativeWake(mPtr);
40         }
41         return true;
42     }

  Line2 Line6很显然如果这两个对象为Null则直接就是throw exception;为什么这样那????因为这handler必须的两个字段。

  时间:标记何事处理这个Message;

  Target:应该由谁来处理;

  两者缺一不可,否则Handler就不是Handler了。。。。。。。

 

 核心代码Line20--36

 1 ................
 2          msg.when = when;
 3             //Log.d("MessageQueue", "Enqueing: " + msg);
 4             Message p = mMessages;
 5             if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
 6                 msg.next = p;
 7                 mMessages = msg;
 8                 needWake = mBlocked; // new head, might need to wake up
 9             } else {
10                 Message prev = null;
11                 while (p != null && p.when <= when) {
12                     prev = p;
13                     p = p.next;
14                 }
15                 msg.next = prev.next;
16                 prev.next = msg;
17                 needWake = false; // still waiting on head, no need to wake up
18             }
19         ...................

  Line5的判断是拿当前即将进行出队的Message的when做对比,如果你的时间小(也就是你应该被优先出队),那么久交换当前的出队对象,很显然,现在Message就在事队列的最前端,等出队的时间到了就执行出队操作。

  Line9,这是入队操作不同点就是需要执行插入的操作,为什么要插入哪?因为Message的排序是按照When来排序的谁的When小谁在前边,这样出队就不会出错,保证出队的有序性。首先声明一个temp变量prev,然后从队列的首位置开始,根据时间when的大小进行比较,如果找到合适的就交换交换类似C中的指针方式。建议大家绘制个草图,可以很明显的看出交换过程!

  到了这里Message就完成了入队的操作,在整个入队的操作大家是否注意到一个问题,MessageQueu怎么出现的!!!!!

<:>讲述Message的初始化代码:

  说先追根溯源,第一次使用的地方就是Handler中,很好咱们就从这里入手吧!!!

 1 public Handler() {
 2         if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) {
 3             final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass();
 4             if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) &&
 5                     (klass.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) {
 6                 Log.w(TAG, "The following Handler class should be static or leaks might occur: " +
 7                     klass.getCanonicalName());
 8             }
 9         }
10 
11         mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
12         if (mLooper == null) {
13             throw new RuntimeException(
14                 "Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");
15         }
16         mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;
17         mCallback = null;
18     }

  Line 16进行赋值 的操作,很显然最初的创建位置并不是这里,这里只是通过looper对象得到的改队列的引用,而并不是在这里进行了Create.

  Line 11这里有说道搞Looper对象的获取,既然咱们是通过Looper对象获取的队列对象,那么是不是咱们可以进入这个类看下原因为几何???

1  private Looper() {
2         mQueue = new MessageQueue();
3         mRun = true;
4         mThread = Thread.currentThread();
5     }

  Line2说明这个问题,Looper对象创建的时候,初始化了这个MessageQueue.

<>><>到这里基本咱们说完了怎么入队,以及队列的由来,那么接下来就看怎么出队的操作!!!!

 说道出队,自然就说到咱们的《Looper,轮询器》

 既然Looper是轮询器,那么根据java面向对象的思想,这里自然就会偶轮训的方法loop;

  <<<<<果不其然>>>>>

 1    /**
 2      *  Run the message queue in this thread. Be sure to call
 3      * {@link #quit()} to end the loop.
 4      */
 5     public static final void loop() {
 6         Looper me = myLooper();
 7         MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;
 8         while (true) {
 9             Message msg = queue.next(); // might block
10             //if (!me.mRun) {
11             //    break;
12             //}
13             if (msg != null) {
14                 if (msg.target == null) {
15                     // No target is a magic identifier for the quit message.
16                     return;
17                 }
18                 if (me.mLogging!= null) me.mLogging.println(
19                         ">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " "
20                         + msg.callback + ": " + msg.what
21                         );
22                 msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
23                 if (me.mLogging!= null) me.mLogging.println(
24                         "<<<<< Finished to    " + msg.target + " "
25                         + msg.callback);
26                 msg.recycle();
27             }
28         }
29     }

  代码484很少,哈哈哈哈,开森死人了、、、、、

  直奔主题走;Line22;这个Targe大家还记得不,(忘了去前边再去复习,真都比)上边说到这个是Handler对象,那么这里调用的方法dispatchMessage进行的Message的分发操作,自然分发最后还是交给了Handler,一起看下咱们说的队不对吧,去Handler找下这个方法????

 1  /**
 2      * Handle system messages here.
 3      */
 4     public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
 5         if (msg.callback != null) {
 6             handleCallback(msg);
 7         } else {
 8             if (mCallback != null) {
 9                 if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
10                     return;
11                 }
12             }
13             handleMessage(msg);
14         }
15     }

  机会就是给准备的人,麻痹我终于还是给我找到了。。。。

  看方法Line13,这里干嘛了,前边的对于咱们的简单实用的时候尽管放心,没用,因为你没指定callback,所以自然就会走handleMessage方法中来,这个方法熟悉不!!!!!

  那个谁》》》》》你说啥不熟悉,奶奶的脚丫子滚蛋,,,,初始化Handler的时候 ,大家重载的那个方法就是这个了。。。

  

  哟,貌似忘记了啥,哦对了,子线程new handler crash问题,,,,,走看看去,报错的位置以及log484这。。。。

  

1  mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
2         if (mLooper == null) {
3             throw new RuntimeException(
4                 "Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");
5         }

  这里是要looper的时候,发现木有,,,,,Why,,,思考下咯,为啥没,那就看看哪里new Looper》???????

  查源码发现还是在Looper类中new类。。。

  

 1 /** Initialize the current thread as a looper.
 2       * This gives you a chance to create handlers that then reference
 3       * this looper, before actually starting the loop. Be sure to call
 4       * {@link #loop()} after calling this method, and end it by calling
 5       * {@link #quit()}.
 6       */
 7     public static final void prepare() {
 8         if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
 9             throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
10         }
11         sThreadLocal.set(new Looper());
12     }

额,这就是prepare方法了,也是就是大家禅说的子线程初始化的时候为啥调用这个方法,原因就是这了????

 

 

先这样,6666666666

posted @ 2016-03-08 13:55  冒泡的章鱼  阅读(412)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报