JAVA/EXCEL

1. Apache POI

1.1 环境准备

<dependencies>
    <!--xls(03)-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--xlsx(07)-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--时间格式化工具-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
        <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
        <version>2.10.6</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

在poi工具库中，导出的api可以分为三种方式：

　　1). HSSF方式：这种方式导出的文件格式为office 2003专用格式，即.xls，优点是导出数据速度快，但是最多导出65535行数据；

　　2). XSSF方式：这种方式导出的文件格式为office 2007专用格式，即.xlsx，优点是导出数据不受行数限制，缺点是导出速度慢；

　　3). SXSSF方式：SXSSF是XSSF api的兼容流式扩展，主要解决当使用XSSF方式导出大数据量时，内存溢出的问题，支持导出大批量的excel数据；

1.2 HSSF方式导出

HSSF最多支持65535条数据导出，超过该条数会报错；

package cn.tedu.excel.test;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

/**
 * HSSF方式导出：HSSF方式，最多只支持65536条数据导出，超过这个条数会报错！
 * 就是.xls模式
 */
public class ExcelWrite2003Test {
    private static  String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";//自己输出的路径
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //时间
        long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
        //创建一个工作簿
        Workbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        //创建表
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
        //写入数据
        for (int rowNumber = 0; rowNumber < 65536; rowNumber++) {
            //创建行
            Row row = sheet.createRow(rowNumber);
            for (int cellNumber = 0; cellNumber < 10; cellNumber++) {
                //创建列
                Cell cell = row.createCell(cellNumber);
                cell.setCellValue(cellNumber);
            }
        }
        System.out.println("结束！");
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(PATH + "用户信息表-XLS.xls");
        workbook.write(fileOutputStream);
        fileOutputStream.close();
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("时间为："+(double) (end - begin) / 1000);//2.262s
    }
}

1.3 XSSF方式导出

XSSF方式支持大批量数据导出，所有的数据先写入内存再导出，容易出现内存溢出；

package cn.tedu.excel.test;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

/**
 * .xlsx方式
 */
public class ExcelWrite2007Test {
    public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //时间
        long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
        //创建一个工作簿
        Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
        //创建表
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
        //写入数据
        for (int rowNumber = 0; rowNumber < 65537; rowNumber++) {
            Row row = sheet.createRow(rowNumber);
            for (int cellNumber = 0; cellNumber < 10; cellNumber++) {
                Cell cell = row.createCell(cellNumber);
                cell.setCellValue(cellNumber);
            }
        }
        System.out.println("结束");
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(PATH + "用户信息表-XLSX.xlsx");
        workbook.write(fileOutputStream);
        fileOutputStream.close();
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println((double) (end - begin) / 1000);//5.003s
    }
}

1.3 SXSSF方式导出

SXSSF是XSSF方式的一种延伸，主要特性是低内存，导出时候先将数据写入到磁盘再导出，避免报内存不足，导致程序运行异常，缺点是运行速度很慢；

package cn.tedu.excel.test;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
public class ExcelWriteSXSSFTest {
    public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //时间
        long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
        //创建一个工作簿
        Workbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook();
        //创建表
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
        //写入数据
        for (int rowNumber = 0; rowNumber < 100000; rowNumber++) {
            Row row = sheet.createRow(rowNumber);
            for (int cellNumber = 0; cellNumber < 10; cellNumber++) {
                Cell cell = row.createCell(cellNumber);
                cell.setCellValue(cellNumber);
            }
        }
        System.out.println("over");
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(PATH + "用户信息表-SXSSF.xlsx");
        workbook.write(fileOutputStream);
        fileOutputStream.close();
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println((double) (end - begin) / 1000);//6.39s
    }
}

2 导入excel

2.1 HSSF方式导入

package cn.tedu.excel.test;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Date;

public class ExcelRead2003Test {
    public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //获取文件流
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(PATH + "用户信息表2003read.xls");
        //1.创建工作簿,使用excel能操作的这边都看看操作
        Workbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
        //2.得到表
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
        //3.得到行
        Row row = sheet.getRow(0);
        //4.得到列
        Cell cell = row.getCell(0);
        getValue(cell);
        inputStream.close();
    }

    public static void getValue(Cell cell){
        //匹配类型数据
        if (cell != null) {
            CellType cellType = cell.getCellType();
            String cellValue = "";
            switch (cellType) {
                case STRING: //字符串
                    System.out.print("[String类型]");
                    cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
                    break;
                case BOOLEAN: //布尔类型
                    System.out.print("[boolean类型]");
                    cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
                    break;
                case BLANK: //空
                    System.out.print("[BLANK类型]");
                    break;
                case NUMERIC: //数字（日期、普通数字）
                    System.out.print("[NUMERIC类型]");
                    if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) { //日期
                        System.out.print("[日期]");
                        Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
                        cellValue = new DateTime(date).toString("yyyy-MM-dd");
                    } else {
                        //不是日期格式，防止数字过长
                        System.out.print("[转换为字符串输出]");
                        cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
                        cellValue = cell.toString();
                    }
                    break;
                case ERROR:
                    System.out.print("[数据类型错误]");
                    break;
            }
            System.out.println(cellValue);
        }
    }
}

2.2 XSSF方式导入

package cn.tedu.excel.test;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Date;

public class ExcelRead2007Test {
    public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //获取文件流
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(PATH + "用户信息表2007read.xlsx");

        //1.创建工作簿,使用excel能操作的这边都看看操作
        Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
        //2.得到表
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
        //3.得到行
        Row row = sheet.getRow(0);
        //4.得到列
        Cell cell = row.getCell(0);
        getValue(cell);
        inputStream.close();
    }
    public static void getValue(Cell cell){
        //匹配类型数据
        if (cell != null) {
            CellType cellType = cell.getCellType();
            String cellValue = "";
            switch (cellType) {
                case STRING: //字符串
                    System.out.print("[String类型]");
                    cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
                    break;
                case BOOLEAN: //布尔类型
                    System.out.print("[boolean类型]");
                    cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
                    break;
                case BLANK: //空
                    System.out.print("[BLANK类型]");
                    break;
                case NUMERIC: //数字（日期、普通数字）
                    System.out.print("[NUMERIC类型]");
                    if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) { //日期
                        System.out.print("[日期]");
                        Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
                        cellValue = new DateTime(date).toString("yyyy-MM-dd");
                    } else {
                        //不是日期格式，防止数字过长
                        System.out.print("[转换为字符串输出]");
                        cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
                        cellValue = cell.toString();
                    }
                    break;
                case ERROR:
                    System.out.print("[数据类型错误]");
                    break;
            }
            System.out.println(cellValue);
        }
    }
}

2.3 SXSSF方式导入

package cn.tedu.excel.test;

import org.apache.poi.ooxml.util.SAXHelper;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.ReadOnlySharedStringsTable;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFSheetXMLHandler;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.StylesTable;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFComment;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class ExcelReadSXSSFTest {
    public static String PATH = "/Users/lixin/Desktop/";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //获取文件流

        //1.创建工作簿,使用excel能操作的这边都看看操作
        OPCPackage opcPackage = OPCPackage.open(PATH + "用户信息表2007read.xlsx");
        XSSFReader xssfReader = new XSSFReader(opcPackage);
        StylesTable stylesTable = xssfReader.getStylesTable();
        ReadOnlySharedStringsTable sharedStringsTable = new ReadOnlySharedStringsTable(opcPackage);
        // 创建XMLReader，设置ContentHandler
        XMLReader xmlReader = SAXHelper.newXMLReader();
        xmlReader.setContentHandler(new XSSFSheetXMLHandler(stylesTable, sharedStringsTable, new SimpleSheetContentsHandler(), false));
        // 解析每个Sheet数据
        Iterator<InputStream> sheetsData = xssfReader.getSheetsData();
        while (sheetsData.hasNext()) {
            try (InputStream inputStream = sheetsData.next();) {
                xmlReader.parse(new InputSource(inputStream));
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * 内容处理器
     */
    public static class SimpleSheetContentsHandler implements XSSFSheetXMLHandler.SheetContentsHandler {

        protected List<String> row;

        @Override
        public void startRow(int rowNum) {
            row = new ArrayList<>();
        }

        @Override
        public void endRow(int rowNum) {
            if (row.isEmpty()) {
                return;
            }
            // 处理数据
            System.out.println(row.stream().collect(Collectors.joining("   ")));
        }

        @Override
        public void cell(String cellReference, String formattedValue, XSSFComment comment) {
            row.add(formattedValue);
        }

        @Override
        public void headerFooter(String text, boolean isHeader, String tagName) {
        }
    }
}

 

posted on 2023-03-20 14:17  VaeSSAQ  阅读(9)  评论(0)    收藏  举报
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