Introduction to Cement Coarse Grinding

Cement production introduction

Cement is among the most vital supplies (bonding agent) within the developing business. It can be produced in a very simple approach and at reasonable price, the finished item just isn’t dangerous towards the environment, and it can be recycled.

There has been a important raise within the utilization of cement over the past couple of years. The demand is expected to improve additional inside the future as, in particular in Asia and Latin America, infrastructure measures and housing might be intensified. You will discover double-digit growth rates in cement production mainly in China, but also in India, Indonesia, Malaysia plus the Philippines. Various Middle East and African countries are also increasing their cement production.

FAG, as a rolling bearing manufacturer, has to prepare for the growing demand for bearings utilized in machines for cement production.

Coarse grinding

State-of-the-art coarse grinding systems are ordinarily vertical roller grinding mills (see section 1.two.four) or roller presses (see section 1.two.five). Due to their slighter energy consumption, these systems are gradually replacing ball tube mills (see section 1.two.6) that are nonetheless employed, in mixture with an impact mill or as independent units for coarse grinding. Inside the coarse-grinding process the final grain sizes of approx. 0.1 mm required for the additional cement production process are produced.

Burning the raw meal/cooling the clinkers

In so-called cyclone preheating plants and succeeding rotary kilns the raw meal is continously heated from ambient temperature to approx. 1500 °C and discharged as granulated cement clinker.

The burning of raw meal to clinker constitutes a complex approach. It consists of precisely defined steps and is regularly monitored. Significant rotary kilns currently is often approx. 6 m across and 100 m long, reaching throughputs of as much as about 10,000 t per unit and day.

The energy carriers made use of for preheating and heating in preheating plants and for “burning” the material in rotary kilns are coal, oil and natural gas. Which of these fuels are ultimately utilised depends on their cost and availability.

Where coal is utilized as energy carrier, coal crushers are often employed in cement plants for size reduction and fine grinding. Generally, these coal crushers are smaller vertical rolling mills similar to those utilised for grinding raw meal. As a rule, quite a few machines are run in parallel operation, grouped into units.

As the roller grinding mills have to cope with highly adverse ambient circumstances the bearings often fail due to wear to ensure that there is certainly a constant demand for new bearings. There is also a constant demand for bearings for beater wheel mills that are applied for coal crushing.

Rotary kilns are commonly radially supported in hydrostatic bearings. Having said that, for some years now, support roller units with rolling bearings have also been made use of, fig. 22. The FAG product Programme includes such units. Axial assistance of the rotary kiln is generally effected by assistance rollers (fig. 23) which in turn are supported in rolling bearings.

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