我的Spring Boot学习记录(二):Tomcat Server以及Spring MVC的问题

Spring Boot版本: 2.0.0.RELEASE
这里需要引入依赖 spring-boot-starter-web
这里有可能有个人的误解,请抱着怀疑态度看。
建议: 感觉自己也会被绕晕,所以有兴趣的使用IDE工具看下源码

1、Tomcat在什么时候被初始化了?

ServletWebServerApplicationContext中有段代码,如下:

org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext

	@Override
	protected void onRefresh() {
		super.onRefresh();
		try {
			createWebServer();
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException("Unable to start web server", ex);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 创建Web服务容器,如:Tomcat,Jetty等;具体创建的容器根据#getWebServerFactory得到
	 * 而WebServerFactory在BeanFactory获取,也就是在加载Bean时确定的,
	 * 这里通过Spring Boot自动配置了Tomcat,如果想要深入可以追着#getWebServerFactory看
	 * 下面有对应的不太详细的解释
	 */
	private void createWebServer() {
		WebServer webServer = this.webServer;
		ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
		if (webServer == null && servletContext == null) {
			ServletWebServerFactory factory = getWebServerFactory();
			this.webServer = factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());
		}
		// .....
	}
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryConfiguration.EmbeddedTomcat#tomcatServletWebServerFactory
	/**
	 * 这里就通过自动加载Bean时加载了关于Tomcat的WebServerFactory
	 *  至于为什么加载Tomcat而不是Jetty,就要多谢Bean加载时@ConditionalOnClass注解
	 * 因为我们引入依赖spring-boot-starter-web 其次,它又引入了 spring-boot-starter-tomcat依赖
	 * 因为存在{ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class, UpgradeProtocol.class }这些class,所以加载Tomcat
	 */
	@Configuration
	@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class, UpgradeProtocol.class })
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = ServletWebServerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
	public static class EmbeddedTomcat {

		@Bean
		public TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatServletWebServerFactory() {
			return new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
		}

	}
	// .......

上述中说明了Tomcat的创建,而什么时候调用onRefresh并创建Tomcat呢?

其实onRefreshorg.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext一个未具体实现方法,交给子类实现,它在调用refresh()方法中调用。
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication#run(java.lang.String...)调用了refreshContext,又间接调用上述refresh()方法

onRefresh调用后在refresh()中还调用了finishRefresh(),而重写了其方法finishRefreshServletWebServerApplicationContext就启动了Web服务,代码如下:

org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext#finishRefresh
	@Override
	protected void finishRefresh() {
		super.finishRefresh();
		WebServer webServer = startWebServer();
		if (webServer != null) {
			publishEvent(new ServletWebServerInitializedEvent(webServer, this));
		}
	}
	
	private WebServer startWebServer() {
		WebServer webServer = this.webServer;
		if (webServer != null) {
			// 这里如何启动具体可看org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer
			// 这里之所以我们启动了Spring Boot后程序还在运行是因为Tomcat启动线程在后台运行
			webServer.start();
		}
		return webServer;
	}
org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer
	
	public TomcatWebServer(Tomcat tomcat, boolean autoStart) {
		Assert.notNull(tomcat, "Tomcat Server must not be null");
		this.tomcat = tomcat;
		this.autoStart = autoStart;
		initialize();
	}
	
	private void initialize() throws WebServerException {
		//.....
		// Unlike Jetty, all Tomcat threads are daemon threads. We create a
		// blocking non-daemon to stop immediate shutdown
		// 大概意思是创建一个非守护线程来运行吧
		startDaemonAwaitThread();
		//....
	}

	private void startDaemonAwaitThread() {
		Thread awaitThread = new Thread("container-" + (containerCounter.get())) {

			@Override
			public void run() {
				TomcatWebServer.this.tomcat.getServer().await();
			}

		};
		awaitThread.setContextClassLoader(getClass().getClassLoader());
		awaitThread.setDaemon(false);
		awaitThread.start();
	}

上面就大概说了Tomcat怎么在Spring Boot启动后加载创建的

2、Spring MVC在这里怎么工作的?

平时使用SSM开发时,使用Spring MVC 我们知道需要配置DispatcherServlet,而这里的是通过自动配置的,还对DispatcherServlet通过ServletRegistrationBean类进行封装,这里自动装配的代码在org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中可见,代码如下:

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletConfiguration
	@Bean(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
	public DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet() {
		DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet = new DispatcherServlet();
		dispatcherServlet.setDispatchOptionsRequest(
				this.webMvcProperties.isDispatchOptionsRequest());
		dispatcherServlet.setDispatchTraceRequest(
				this.webMvcProperties.isDispatchTraceRequest());
		dispatcherServlet.setThrowExceptionIfNoHandlerFound(
				this.webMvcProperties.isThrowExceptionIfNoHandlerFound());
		return dispatcherServlet;
	}


org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletRegistrationConfiguration
	/**
	 * 这里通过构造器获取已经注册的 DispatcherServlet Bean 
	 * 然后封装在ServletRegistrationBean
	 */
	@Bean(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)
	@ConditionalOnBean(value = DispatcherServlet.class, name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
	public ServletRegistrationBean<DispatcherServlet> dispatcherServletRegistration(
			DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
		ServletRegistrationBean<DispatcherServlet> registration = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(
				dispatcherServlet,
				this.serverProperties.getServlet().getServletMapping());
		registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME);
		registration.setLoadOnStartup(
				this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
		if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
			registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
		}
		return registration;
	}

封装了Servlet的ServletRegistrationBean各个Bean又会被ServletContextInitializerBeans进行管理。

在上述第一点中Tomcat创建加载中有个方法没有详述,就是ServletWebServerApplicationContext中的createWebServer方法,里面调用了一个getSelfInitializer方法,使用返回值作为参数,代码如下:

org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext
	private void createWebServer() {
		//...
		this.webServer = factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());
		//...
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the {@link ServletContextInitializer} that will be used to complete the
	 * setup of this {@link WebApplicationContext}.
	 * @return the self initializer
	 * @see #prepareWebApplicationContext(ServletContext)
	 */
	private org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializer getSelfInitializer() {
		// 又封装成了ServletContextInitializer
		return this::selfInitialize;
	}
	
	private void selfInitialize(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
		//....
		//getServletContextInitializerBeans这里就能获取到封装了Servlet或Filter等的ServletContextInitializer
		for (ServletContextInitializer beans : getServletContextInitializerBeans()) {
			// 这里通过回调Servlet或Filter能够获取到servletContext,并且将自己(Servlet或Filter)注册到servletContext,这里可能要去了解下Tomcat了
			beans.onStartup(servletContext);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns {@link ServletContextInitializer}s that should be used with the embedded
	 * web server. By default this method will first attempt to find
	 * {@link ServletContextInitializer}, {@link Servlet}, {@link Filter} and certain
	 * {@link EventListener} beans.
	 * @return the servlet initializer beans
	 */
	protected Collection<ServletContextInitializer> getServletContextInitializerBeans() {
		// 这里在new ServletContextInitializerBeans 时会将BeanFactory给它
		// 它在构造器中将封装了Servlet或Filter等的ServletContextInitializer子类获取
		// 并放入一个成员变量sortedList中
		return new ServletContextInitializerBeans(getBeanFactory());
	}

到此,大概就知道了Spring MVC中DispatcherServlet是怎么进入Tomcat的了,如果还想细究DispatcherServlet是怎么被一步步置入Tomcat容器中的,可以看下org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory#getWebServer中的代码,这里不展开了。

3、随便唠嗑

入职后好久没运动,被同事拉去打羽毛球,结果,气喘不上来,脑晕,感觉不好,第一天全身酸痛,第二天更痛。我认为,入职后第一条建议就是找时间运动。

这篇其实接着第一篇文章我的Spring Boot学习记录(一):自动配置的大致调用过程 就想要写的了,拖了好久。期间问自己,为什么干这种无趣的东西。不论如何,还是抽了时间写了,就这样吧。

这里有可能有个人的误解,请抱着怀疑态度看。
建议: 感觉自己也会被绕晕,所以有兴趣的使用IDE工具看下源码

posted @ 2019-10-15 21:59  Lger  阅读(534)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报