RabbitMQ 入门

* 基于 spring boot 请阅读下方参考文档

启动一个 rabbitmq

version: "3.2"

services:
  some-rabbit:
    image: rabbitmq:3-management
    hostname: "my-host"
    environment:
      RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE: "SWQOKODSQALRPCLNMEQG"
      RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER: "rabbitmq"
      RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS: "rabbitmq"
      RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_VHOST: "/"
    ports:
      - "15672:15672"
      - "5672:5672"

 

启动一个 spring boot 项目，配置

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    username: rabbitmq
    password: rabbitmq

　　

Rabbitmq 中的 exchange 的三种主要类型，请参考 https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/37198933

下面就来了解一下 Exchange 的三种主要类型：Direct、Fanout 和 Topic。

Direct 策略（点对点）

Broker (同一个 exhange 与 bindingKey 同时绑定多个 queue）

@Bean
public Declarables directBindings() {
    Queue directQueue1 = new Queue("directQueue1", false);
    Queue directQueue2 = new Queue("directQueue2", false);
    DirectExchange directExchange = new DirectExchange("direct.exchange");
    return new Declarables(directQueue1,directQueue2,
            directExchange,
            BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue1).to(directExchange).with("info"),
            BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue1).to(directExchange).with("error"),
            BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue2).to(directExchange).with("error"));

producer

rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct.exchange", "info", "Hello info!");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct.exchange", "error", "Hello error!");

consumer

@RabbitListener(queues = "directQueue1")
public void directQueue1(String in) {
    System.out.println("Message read from directQueue1 : " + in);
}

@RabbitListener(queues = "directQueue2")
public void directQueue2(String in) {
    System.out.println("Message read from directQueue2 : " + in);
}

 

Default Exchange 是一种特殊的 Direct Exchange，它的名称为空，故只关心队列名称即可）

queue

@Bean
public Queue myQueue() {
    return new Queue("myQueue", false);
}

producer

@Test
void producer1() {
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("myQueue", "Hello, world!");
}

cosumer

@RabbitListener(queues = "myQueue")
public void listen(String in) {
    System.out.println("Message read from myQueue : " + in);
}

　

Fanout 策略（发布订阅）

Broker

@Bean
public Declarables fanoutBindings() {
    Queue fanoutQueue1 = new Queue("fanout.queue1", false);
    Queue fanoutQueue2 = new Queue("fanout.queue2", false);
    FanoutExchange fanoutExchange = new FanoutExchange("fanout.exchange");

    return new Declarables(
            fanoutQueue1,
            fanoutQueue2,
            fanoutExchange,
            BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueue1).to(fanoutExchange),
            BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueue2).to(fanoutExchange));
}

producer

@Test
void producer2() {
    String message = " payload is broadcast";
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("fanout.exchange", "", "fanout" + message);
}

consumer（两个 ）

@RabbitListener(queues = {"fanout.queue1"})
public void receiveMessageFromFanout1(String message) {
    System.out.println("Received fanout 1 message: " + message);
}

@RabbitListener(queues = {"fanout.queue2"})
public void receiveMessageFromFanout2(String message) {
    System.out.println("Received fanout 2 message: " + message);
}

　　

Topic 策略（发布订阅）

Broker

@Bean
public Declarables topicBindings() {
    Queue topicQueue1 = new Queue("topicQueue1Name", false);
    Queue topicQueue2 = new Queue("topicQueue2Name", false);

    TopicExchange topicExchange = new TopicExchange("topicExchangeName");

    return new Declarables(
            topicQueue1,
            topicQueue2,
            topicExchange,
            BindingBuilder
                    .bind(topicQueue1)
                    .to(topicExchange).with("*.important.*"),
            BindingBuilder
                    .bind(topicQueue2)
                    .to(topicExchange).with("#.error"));
}

生产者

@Test
void producer2() {
    String message = " payload is broadcast";
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchangeName", "hello.important.warn",
            "topic important warn" + message);
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchangeName", "my.important.error",
            "topic important error" + message);
}

消费者

@RabbitListener(queues = {"topicQueue1Name"})
public void receiveMessageFromTopic1(String message) {
    System.out.println("Received topic 1 (" + "BINDING_PATTERN_IMPORTANT" + ") message: " + message);
}

@RabbitListener(queues = {"topicQueue2Name"})
public void receiveMessageFromTopic2(String message) {
    System.out.println("Received topic 2 (" + "BINDING_PATTERN_ERROR" + ") message: " + message);
}

　　

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参考文档

---

入门指南 https://spring.io/guides/gs/messaging-rabbitmq/

Spring boot 配置 https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/spring-boot-features.html#boot-features-amqp

详细参考文档 https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/reference/html/#_spring_integration_reference

另一个参考文档 https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/docs/2.2.7.RELEASE/reference/html/

exchange 介绍 https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/37198933