CCNP Day5 EIGRP默认路由三
1、网络拓扑
2、基础Eigrp配置
R1> R1>enable R1#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R1(config)#interface f0/0 R1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.12.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#interface loopback 0 R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shu R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#router eigrp 100 R1(config-router)#network 172.16.12.1 0.0.0.0 R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 R1(config-router)#exit R1(config)# R1(config)#interface s1/1 R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.13.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#router eigrp 100 R1(config-router)#1.1.13.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-router)#network 1.1.13.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-router)# R1(config-router)# R1(config-router)# R1(config-router)#end R1# R1# R1(config)#router eigrp 100 R1(config-router)#no auto-summary R2> R2>enable R2#config t R2(config)#interface f0/0 R2(config-if)#ip add 172.16.12.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)# R2(config)#interface s1/0 R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.23.1 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#router eigrp 100 R2(config-router)#network 192.168.23.1 0.0.0.0 R2(config-router)#network 172.16.12.2 0.0.0.0 R2(config-router)#end R2(config)#router eigrp 100 R2(config-router)#no auto R2(config-router)#no auto-summary R2(config-router)# R2(config-router)# R2(config-router)# R2(config-router)# R2(config-router)#end R2#show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(192.168.23.1) Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 1.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 156160 via 172.16.12.1 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/0 P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856 via 192.168.23.2 (2297856/128256), Serial1/0 P 1.1.13.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2172416 via 172.16.12.1 (2172416/2169856), FastEthernet0/0 via 192.168.23.2 (2681856/2169856), Serial1/0 P 192.168.23.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serial1/0 P 172.16.12.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160 via Connected, FastEthernet0/0 R2# R3>enable R3#config t R3(config)# R3(config)#interface s1/0 R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#interface loopback 0 R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config)#router eigrp 100 R3(config-router)#network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 R3(config-router)#network 192.168.23.2 0.0.0.0 R3(config-router)#end R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set D 1.0.0.0/8 [90/2300416] via 192.168.23.1, 00:00:11, Serial1/0 3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 D 3.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:00:16, Null0 D 172.16.0.0/16 [90/2172416] via 192.168.23.1, 00:00:11, Serial1/0 C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0 R3#ping 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/75/88 ms R3# R3# R3# R3(config)#interface s1/1 R3(config-if)#ip add 1.1.13.2 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#router eigrp 100 R3(config-router)#network 1.1.13.2 0.0.0.0 R3(config-router)#end R3# R3# R3# R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set D 1.0.0.0/8 [90/2300416] via 192.168.23.1, 00:30:48, Serial1/0 3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 D 3.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:30:53, Null0 D 172.16.0.0/16 [90/2172416] via 192.168.23.1, 00:30:48, Serial1/0 C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0 R3# R3# R3#show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(3.3.3.3) Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 1.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 2300416 via 192.168.23.1 (2300416/156160), Serial1/0 P 3.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 128256 via Summary (128256/0), Null0 P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256 via Connected, Loopback0 P 192.168.23.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serial1/0 P 172.16.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 2172416 via 192.168.23.1 (2172416/28160), Serial1/0 R3# R3#show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 100 H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Cnt Num 1 1.1.13.1 Se1/1 13 00:00:01 1 2000 2 5 0 192.168.23.1 Se1/0 13 00:33:34 614 3684 R3(config)#router eigrp 100 R3(config-router)#no aut R3(config-router)#no auto-summary R3(config-router)#end R3# R3# R
2、其它命令
R3#show ip route 1.1.1.0 Routing entry for 1.1.1.0/24 Known via "eigrp 100", distance 90, metric 2297856, type internal Redistributing via eigrp 100 Last update from 1.1.13.1 on Serial1/1, 00:22:32 ago Routing Descriptor Blocks: * 1.1.13.1, from 1.1.13.1, 00:22:32 ago, via Serial1/1 Route metric is 2297856, traffic share count is 1 Total delay is 25000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes Loading 1/255, Hops 1 R3#ping 1.1.1.1 re R3#ping 1.1.1.1 repeat 60 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 60, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (60/60), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/34/52 ms R3# R3#
3、Eigrp的非等价路由
R3#show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(3.3.3.3) Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 1.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856 via 1.1.13.1 (2297856/128256), Serial1/1 /***这里显示R3到1.1.1.0****/网段有两条路径****/ via 192.168.23.1 (2300416/156160), Serial1/0 P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256 via Connected, Loopback0 P 1.1.13.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serial1/1 P 192.168.23.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856 via Connected, Serial1/0 P 172.16.12.0/24, 2 successors, FD is 2172416 via 192.168.23.1 (2172416/28160), Serial1/0 via 1.1.13.1 (2172416/28160), Serial1/1 R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets D 1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 1.1.13.1, 00:04:51, Serial1/1 /***在Show IP route这里只显示一条successor路由****/ C 1.1.13.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets D 172.16.12.0 [90/2172416] via 1.1.13.1, 00:04:51, Serial1/1 [90/2172416] via 192.168.23.1, 00:04:51, Serial1/0 C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0 R3#
R3#show ip eigrp topology all-links
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(3.3.3.3)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 1.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856, serno 5
via 1.1.13.1 (2297856/128256), Serial1/1 /****可以放在拓扑表的路由，必须满足：successor路由；Feasible successor路由*****/
via 192.168.23.1 (2300416/156160), Serial1/0 /××××这里的successor路由FD:2297856,大于Feasible successor AD值：156160××××/
P 3.3.3.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256, serno 1
via Connected, Loopback0
P 1.1.13.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856, serno 3
via Connected, Serial1/1
via 192.168.23.1 (2684416/2172416), Serial1/0
P 192.168.23.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856, serno 2
via Connected, Serial1/0
via 1.1.13.1 (2684416/2172416), Serial1/1
P 172.16.12.0/24, 2 successors, FD is 2172416, serno 6
via 192.168.23.1 (2172416/28160), Serial1/0
via 1.1.13.1 (2172416/28160), Serial1/1
R3#
4、把R3 到1.1.1.0网络的Feasible Successor路由也加入路由表中
R3#show ip protocols Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100" Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming routes in FastEthernet0/0 will have 2141697 added to metric if on list 1 Default networks flagged in outgoing updates Default networks accepted from incoming updates EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0 EIGRP maximum hopcount 100 EIGRP maximum metric variance 1 Redistributing: eigrp 100 EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s Automatic network summarization is not in effect Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 1.1.13.2/32 3.3.3.3/32 192.168.23.2/32 Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 1.1.13.1 90 01:26:05 192.168.23.1 90 01:26:05 Distance: internal 90 external 170 R3#
如果需要把Feasible successor路由加入路由表，需满足如下条件：
successor FD * variance > Feasible successor FD 故在R3上调整variance的值如下：
R3(config)#router eigrp 100
R3(config-router)#variance 2
R3(config-router)#end
R3#
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 1.1.13.1, 00:00:09, Serial1/1 /*****这里管理距离并不一样，但依然可以负载均衡****/
[90/2300416] via 192.168.23.1, 00:00:09, Serial1/0
C 1.1.13.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 172.16.12.0 [90/2172416] via 1.1.13.1, 00:00:09, Serial1/1
[90/2172416] via 192.168.23.1, 00:00:09, Serial1/0
C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R3#
R3#show ip route 1.1.1.0
Routing entry for 1.1.1.0/24
Known via "eigrp 100", distance 90, metric 2297856, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 100
Last update from 192.168.23.1 on Serial1/0, 00:03:46 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 1.1.13.1, from 1.1.13.1, 00:03:46 ago, via Serial1/1 /***星号显示为Successor路由***/
Route metric is 2297856, traffic share count is 1 /***各条路由链路承担流量，遵循Metric值之比****/
Total delay is 25000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
192.168.23.1, from 192.168.23.1, 00:03:46 ago, via Serial1/0
Route metric is 2300416, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 25100 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 2
R3#
5、确保路由从Metric值小的路径传输
R3#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R3(config)#router eig R3(config)#router eigrp 100 R3(config-router)#traffic-share min across-interfaces /**转发数据时走Metric最小的路径×××/ R3(config-router)#
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