测试文章1
目录
Hive安装到配置
前言
hadoop version ：hadoop 2.7.3
mysql version ：MySQL 5.7.32
hive verson ：Hive 2.2.0
mysql--connector-*.jar version ：mysql-connecter - * .jar 5.1.43
（一）Hive集群规划
| 角色 | Master | test2 | test3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| MySql | ● | × | × |
| Metstore | × | ● | × |
| CLI | × | × | ● |
（二）安装MySql
-
官网下载需要的包
wget \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
把他们下载到 CentOS 的
/usr/local/src目录下 -
安装包，注意依赖，需要联网
yum install -y mysql-community-*-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-
开启服务器并初始化密码，使用的命令和命令详解：
# 开启MySQL服务器
systemctl start mysqld
# 查看默认生成的密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
-
登录MySql:
#使用你查到的临时密码进行登录
mysql -u root -p
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设置密码等级和修改密码
#设置密码登记
set global validate_password_length=4;
set global validate_password_policy=0;
#修改默认密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '密码';#此处注意修改您的密码
-
命令查看
show variables like 'character%';- 需要将表中的数据改为如下：
-
默认表的字符集是拉丁文，后续录入中文会有乱码，所以需要将如下两个改为
UTF-8character_set_databsecharacter_set_server -
修改配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf -
修改后的内容
# For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html [client] default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] character-set-server=utf8 # # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid -
重点部分
[client] default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] character-set-server=utf8修改后重启MySql服务
（三）Hive安装
-
下载Hive安装包
-
下载后上传到Centos7对应文件夹再进行解压
# 使用root用户的话，默认目录是在root # 上传的位置是 /root/ # 解压缩文件 tar -zxf apache-hive-2.2.0-bin.tar.gz # 重命名文件夹并将文件夹移动到/usr/local目录下 mv apache-hive-2.2.0-bin.tar.gz /usr/local/Hive -
配置Hive
-
环境变量配置
vi + /etc/profile在环境变量中添加如下：
# Hive环境变量 export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive #这里就是你存放Hive的路径 export PATH=$PATH:${HIVE_HOME}/bin保存更新后需要更新环境变量
source /etc/profile -
第一个配置文件
Hive-site.xml# 将Hive文件夹里面的Hive-default.xml.template改名为Hive-site.xml mv ./Hive-default.xml.template ./Hive-site.xml # 修改Hive-site.xml配置文件 vi + /Hive-site.xml- Hive-site.xml文件的修改内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <!--mysql 数据库连接的IP地址需要更改为你mysql那台机器的地址--> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.131.132:3306/hive</value> </property> <!--mysql驱动--> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <!--mysql用户名--> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>root</value> </property> <!--mysql中hive用户密码--> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>123456</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name> <value>false</value> </property> </configuration> -
第二个配置文件
hive-env.sh# 这是我的环境配置（供参考） # 所有的软件路径根据主机的安装路径来决定 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive -
配置其他节点的Hive
- 将安装包传到其他节点
scp -r 文件路径 用户@主机名：存放路径- 其他节点主机的配置（将其它两个连接到Master主机）
[hadoop@hadoop02 ~]$ vim hive/conf/hive-site.xml <configuration> <property> <name>hive.metastore.uris</name> <value>thrift://Master:9083</value> </property> </configuration> [hadoop@hadoop03 ~]$ vim hive/conf/hive-site.xml <configuration> <property> <name>hive.metastore.uris</name> <value>thrift://Master:9083</value> </property> </configuration>
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（四）问题解决
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问题（1）：
Error: Duplicate key name 'PCS_STATS_IDX' (state=42000,code=1061)org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Schema initialization FAILED! Metastore state would be inconsistent !!原因：MySQL中已经存在Hive需要的表
解决方式：删除MySQL中的所有表然后再进行初始化
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问题（2）：
报错现象(如果是按照上面的
hive-env.sh进行配置的话不会出现这个问题)：[root@master bin]# ./schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=512M; support was removed in 8.0 which: no hbase in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_191/bin:/root/bin) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=512M; support was removed in 8.0 Metastore connection URL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.52.26:3306/hive Metastore Connection Driver : com.mysql.jdbc.Driver Metastore connection User: APP org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Failed to get schema version. *** schemaTool failed ***解决方法：
hive-site.xml文件中添加以下内容<property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.52.26:3306/hive</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>root</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>root</value> </property> -
问题（3）：
mysql-connecter 驱动问题 ：不同的版本对应的不同的驱动，驱动也很有可能导致无法初始化
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