Centos7 服务器配置python

Centos7

SSH

拿到云服务器，先找用户名(一般为root)和密码,　ssh连接命令(这是在ssh端口为22的情况下):

ssh 用户名@IP地址   如:ssh root@123.124.145.18

非22端口连接

ssh -p 端口 用户名@IP地址  如ssh -p 10000 root@12.123.54.12

换源并更新

使用wget命令，先安装 yum -y install wget   (这是第一次且最后一次用默认源)
备份   mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup 
换源   wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
缓存   yum clean all && yum makecache
升级(只用前一个命令也行)  yum update && yum upgrade

安装python

安装依赖包(不推荐使用该命令)

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

推荐使用

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel gcc
yum install -y libffi-devel zlib1g-dev
yum install zlib* -y

安装python

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.3/Python-3.7.3.tgz

若下载速度慢可换成国内

下载完后进行解压, 下什么包就解压什么,用3.7.3为例

mkdir /usr/local/python3 

tar -zxvf Python-3.7.3.tgz  

cd Python-3.7.3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations --with-ssl

make&&make install 

有报错就查错 过程很慢

创建软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3 
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3

python3
pip3

开放端口

查看防火墙状态
systemctl status firewalld

关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld

打开防火墙
systemctl start firewalld

查看防火墙某个端口是否开放
firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp

开放防火墙端口80
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent

关闭80端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=80/tcp --permanent  

配置立即生效
firewall-cmd --reload 

开放一段端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8121-8124/tcp --permanent

查看开放的端口列表
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports