4.2 天气 (Weather)

1. 高频词汇（Vocabulary）

英文表达	中文	英/美差异
weather	天气	同
rain	雨	同
sunny	晴朗的	同
cloudy	多云的	同
windy	有风的	同
foggy	有雾的	同
chilly	有点冷的	同
boiling	热死了	UK 口语常用（极度热）
freezing	冷死了	UK 口语常用（极度冷）
drizzle	毛毛雨	UK 极常用
thunder	雷	同
lightning	闪电	同
humid	潮湿的	同
forecast	预报	同
temperature	温度	同
Celsius / centigrade	摄氏度	UK: Celsius / US: Fahrenheit
umbrella	雨伞	同
coat	外套	同
wellies	雨靴	UK: wellies / wellingtons / US: rain boots
forecast	天气预报	同

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2. 高频短语（Phrases）

英文表达	中文
it's pouring down	倾盆大雨
it's chucking it down	雨下得很大（英式俚语）
it's absolutely freezing	冷死了
it's roasting / boiling	热死了
the sun's come out	太阳出来了
it's looking a bit grim	天气看起来不太好
brighten up	天气转晴
take a turn for the worse	天气变坏
typical British weather	典型的英国天气（阴晴不定）
heatwave	热浪
thunderstorm	雷暴
wrap up warm	穿暖和点
burn	晒伤

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3. 地道口语（Natural Expressions）

英文表达	中文
Nice weather we're having!	天气真不错！（经典英式讽刺）
It's absolutely chucking it down.	雨下得简直了。
I'm absolutely freezing.	我快冻僵了。
It's roasting out there.	外面热死了。
Looks like it might rain later.	看起来晚点可能下雨。
It's a bit nippy today.	今天有点冷飕飕的。（英式口语）
The weather can't make up its mind.	天气真是阴晴不定。
Typical!	又来了！（指不好的天气，英式常用）
We should make the most of the sun.	我们应该趁着有太阳好好享受。
It's lovely and warm today.	今天又暖和又舒服。
It's absolutely baking.	热得像烤箱一样。
You don't need a coat.	你不用穿外套。

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4. 文化注释（Cultural Notes）

• 英国天气文化：英国人谈论天气是全球闻名的（stereotype）。这并不是因为英国天气特别有趣，而是因为天气是最"安全"的社交话题——不涉及政治、宗教、个人隐私。任何陌生人之间都可以从天气开始聊天。
• "Nice weather for ducks"：英国俚语，意思是"天气非常适合鸭子"（即下雨天）。通常在雨下很大时带点自嘲地说。
• 英国天气的特点：一天四季是真实的。早上出门晴天，中午下雨，下午刮风，晚上放晴。所以英国人出门习惯随身带伞。
• "Typical"：当天气又变坏时，英国人最爱说的一个词就是 Typical!，意思是"果然又这样了"，充满自嘲。
• 温度差异：英国用摄氏度（Celsius），美国用华氏度（Fahrenheit）。英国夏天 25°C 就算热了（美国人觉得这很凉快），冬天 0°C 左右。
• 下雨的文化意义：英国人不会因为下雨就不出门。There's no bad weather, only bad clothing 是英国人的信条。

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5. 场景对话（Dialogue）

对话 1：经典天气闲聊

A: Morning! It's absolutely chucking it down out there.
B: I know, I got soaked walking to the station. Did you bring an umbrella?
A: Course I did — you never leave home without one in this country.
B: True. They said on the forecast it should clear up by lunchtime though.
A: We'll see about that. They said that yesterday and it rained all afternoon.
B: Typical British weather, eh?
A: Spot on. Fancy a tea when you've dried off?
B: You read my mind.

对话 2：夏天热浪

A: Oh my god, it's absolutely boiling today.
B: I know, I can't deal with this heat. It must be 30 degrees at least.
A: The tube was a nightmare — no air con, packed with people. I was literally dripping.
B: Did you not wear shorts?
A: I don't own any! I didn't think I'd need them in England.
B: Ha, fair point. They're saying the heatwave's going to last till Thursday.
A: Thursday?! I might actually melt. Let's go get ice cream later.
B: Deal. There's that gelato place on the high street.

对话 3：和外国人聊天气（文化差异）

B: It's really cold today, isn't it? About 5 degrees.
A (American): Five? That's not cold at all! Where I'm from in Chicago, it gets to minus 20 in winter.
B: Minus 20?! How do you survive?
A: You just get used to it. The problem with England isn't the temperature — it's the damp. The cold here gets into your bones.
B: That's so true. It's a different kind of cold. In Beijing it gets to minus 15 but at least it's a dry cold.
A: Exactly. Here it's that wet cold that just sits on you.
B: Well, at least we don't have to shovel snow.
A: Ha, I'll give you that one!