1.1 吃饭/点餐 (Dining/Ordering Food) todo
1. 高频词汇（Vocabulary）
| 英文表达 | 中文 | 英/美差异 |
|---|---|---|
| menu | 菜单 | 同 |
| dish | 菜品 | 同 |
| order | 点餐 | 同 |
| waiter / server | 服务员 | UK: waiter / US: server 更常用 |
| bill / check | 账单 | UK: bill / US: check |
| table | 桌子 | 同 |
| restaurant | 餐厅 | 同 |
| drink | 饮料 | 同 |
| food | 食物 | 同 |
| meal | 一顿饭 | 同 |
| reservation / booking | 预订 | UK: booking / US: reservation |
| tip | 小费 | 同 |
| starter / appetiser | 前菜 | UK: starter / US: appetizer |
| main course | 主菜 | 同 |
| dessert | 甜点 | 同 |
| portion | 份量 | 同 |
| takeaway / to go | 打包带走 | UK: takeaway / US: to go |
| receipt | 收据 | 同 |
| booking | 预订 | UK 常用 |
| cutlery | 餐具 | UK: cutlery / US: silverware |
| sauce | 酱料 | 同 |
2. 高频短语（Phrases）
| 英文表达 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| order food | 点餐 |
| make a reservation | 预订座位 |
| ask for the bill | 要账单 |
| pay the bill | 付钱 |
| take a seat | 入座 |
| look at the menu | 看菜单 |
| recommend a dish | 推荐菜 |
| serve food | 上菜 |
| have a meal | 吃饭 |
| try something new | 尝试新菜 |
| book a table | 订位 |
| wait for a table | 等位 |
| place an order | 下单 |
| order drinks | 点饮料 |
| change the order | 修改订单 |
| ask for recommendations | 询问推荐 |
| split the bill | AA 付款 |
| leave a tip | 给小费 |
3. 地道口语（Natural Expressions）
| 英文表达 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Can I see the menu, please? | 我可以看看菜单吗？ |
| I'd like to order, please. | 我想点餐。 |
| What do you recommend? | 你推荐什么？ |
| I'll have this one, please. | 我要这个。 |
| Could I get the bill, please? | 可以结账吗？ |
| Is this table free? | 这张桌子有人吗？ |
| Could we have a table for two, please? | 可以要一张两人桌吗？ |
| I'm ready to order. | 我准备好点餐了。 |
| What's in this dish? | 这道菜里有什么？ |
| I'm allergic to… | 我对…过敏。 |
| It tastes amazing. | 这个太好吃了。 |
| Can I get a refill? | 可以续杯吗？ |
| We'll have the bill, please. Separate bills. | 请买单，分开结。 |
| Is service included? | 服务费包含在内了吗？（UK 常用） |
4. 文化注释（Cultural Notes）
- 小费文化：美国餐厅小费通常 15-20%（甚至更多），不给小费被认为非常粗鲁。英国餐厅通常会自动加 10-12.5% 的 service charge（显示在账单上），如果没有加，给 10% 左右即可。在快餐店、酒吧不需要给小费。
- "Service included?"：在英国点餐时，这是一个非常实用的问题。如果账单上已经显示了
service charge，你不需要额外给小费。如果你想取消 service charge 自己给，可以要求。 - 英式 vs 美式点餐：英国服务员通常等你自己准备好后才会过来问
Are you ready to order?，不会催你。在美国，服务员可能会更频繁地过来问，这被视为"热情的服务"。 - 排队等位：在英美，热门餐厅可能需要等位。英国人会在门口等，美国很多餐厅有 paging system（给你一个震动器，桌子准备好了会震动通知你）。
- "How's everything?"：在美国，服务员在菜上来几分钟后一定会来问这句话，意思是"菜怎么样？"。标准回答是
Great, thanks!。英国服务员也会来问，但不会那么频繁。 - 打包文化：在美国，打包非常普遍，说
Can I get a to-go box?即可。在英国也完全没问题，说Can I get a takeaway box?或Can you pack this up?。 - Water：在美国，餐厅通常会自动给你倒一杯冰水（免费的）。在英国，你需要主动要水——
Tap water, please.是完全正常的请求，而且是免费的。
5. 场景对话（Dialogue）
对话 1：餐厅点餐
Waiter: Hi there, welcome to The Rose. Have you got a reservation?
B: Yes, under Chen — table for two at 7pm.
Waiter: Perfect, right this way. Can I get you started with some drinks while you look at the menus?
A: I'll have a glass of the house white, please.
B: Just tap water for me, thanks.
Waiter: Certainly. I'll give you a few minutes to decide on food.
(Later)
Waiter: Are you ready to order?
A: Yes, I'll have the mushroom risotto to start, then the lamb shank for main.
B: I'll go for the soup of the day, and the salmon. Oh, does the salmon come with a sauce?
Waiter: It comes with a dill and lemon butter sauce. Any allergies?
B: I'm allergic to nuts — is there anything with nuts in either dish?
Waiter: The soup has walnuts on top, but I can ask the kitchen to leave them off.
B: That'd be great, thanks.
Waiter: No problem. I'll get those started for you.
对话 2：结账
B: Excuse me, could we have the bill, please?
Waiter: Of course. Would you like it together or separate?
B: Separate, please.
Waiter: Here you go. Is service charge included — that's 12.5%. You don't need to leave anything extra unless you want to.
A: (looking at bill) Right, mine comes to £34.80 with the service. Can I pay by card?
Waiter: Absolutely. I can take it over at the till whenever you're ready.
A: (pays) Thank you. The food was lovely, by the way.
Waiter: I'm glad you enjoyed it! Have a good evening.
对话 3：在酒吧点餐
B: Hi, can I order food here, or is it drinks only?
Barman: We do food — the menu's on the tables over there. Just come to the bar to order when you're ready.
A: Great, thanks. What do you fancy?
B: I'm quite hungry — maybe the burger? Oh, but it doesn't say if it comes with chips.
A: Most pub burgers do. Let's order and ask. (goes to bar) Hi, can we get a cheese burger and a chicken Caesar salad, please? Does the burger come with chips?
Barman: Yeah, it comes with chips and coleslaw. Anything to drink?
A: Two pints of IPA, please. Do we need a table number?
Barman: No, just take a seat wherever you like and I'll bring it over.
B: Oh, and can we get the burger without gherkins?
Barman: No problem at all. That's £23.90 all together. I'll bring the drinks over now and the food in about 15 minutes.
B: Cheers!
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