springcloud-学习环境搭建(一)

springCloud流程图

SpringCloud流程图

SpringCloud版本

大版本说明

SpringBoot SpringCloud 关系
1.2.x Angel版本(天使) 兼容SpringBoot1.2x
1.3.x Brixton版本(布里克斯顿) 兼容SpringBoot1.3x,也兼容SpringBoot1.4x
1.4.x Camden版本(卡姆登) 兼容SpringBoot1.4x,也兼容SpringBoot1.5x
1.5.x Dalston版本(多尔斯顿) 兼容SpringBoot1.5x,不兼容SpringBoot2.0x
1.5.x Edgware版本(埃奇韦尔) 兼容SpringBoot1.5x,不兼容SpringBoot2.0x
2.0.x Finchley版本(芬奇利) 兼容SpringBoot2.0x,不兼容SpringBoot1.5x
2.1.x Greenwich版本(格林威治)

实际开发版本关系

spring-boot-starter-parent pring-cloud-dependencles
版本号 发布日期 版本号 发布日期
1.5.2.RELEASE 2017-03 Dalston.RC1 2017-x
1.5.9.RELEASE 2017-11 Edgware.RELEASE 2017-11
1.5.16.RELEASE 2018-04 Edgware.SR5 2018-10
1.5.20.RELEASE 2018-09 Edgware.SR5 2018-10
2.0.2.RELEASE 2018-05 Fomchiey.BULD-SNAPSHOT 2018-x
2.0.6.RELEASE 2018-10 Fomchiey-SR2 2018-10
2.1.4.RELEASE 2019-04 Greenwich.SR1 2019-03

推荐使用最后两个版本

创建springcloud项目父工程

  1. 新建一个普通的maven项目,新建成功后需要删除src目录。

newSpringCloudProject

  1. maven
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.dongjixue</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!--1.打包方式-->
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <!--3.版本管理:我们可以统一的管理一些依赖的版本version-->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.17</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <!--2.依赖管理-->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--2.1 springCloud依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--2.2 SpringBoot springCloud是依赖于springboot的-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--2.3 数据库-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--2.4 数据源-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.10</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--2.5 SpringBoot 启动器-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--2.6 单元测试-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--2.7 lombok-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--2.8 日志测试~-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>
  1. 数据库
CREATE TABLE `dept` (
	`deptno` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '部门编号',
	`dname` VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL COMMENT '部门名字',
	`db_source` VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL COMMENT '数据库名字',
	PRIMARY KEY (`deptno`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
	
insert into dept (dname,db_source) values ('开发部',DATABASE());
insert into dept (dname,db_source) values ('人事部',DATABASE());
insert into dept (dname,db_source) values ('财务部',DATABASE());
insert into dept (dname,db_source) values ('市场部',DATABASE());
insert into dept (dname,db_source) values ('运维部',DATABASE());

子工程 springcloud-common

该子工程可以用于写一些公用的实体类和工具类等

  1. 在父工程中 new module一个maven项目 。parent是springcloud
  2. pom.xml文件 。
<parent>
     <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
     <groupId>com.dong</groupId>
     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<artifactId>springcloud-common</artifactId>
 <!--当前的Module自己需要的依赖,如果父依赖中已经配置了,这里就不用写了-->
 <dependencies>
    <dependency>
         <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
         <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
     </dependency>
 </dependencies>
  1. 实体类
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)  //链式写法
//所有的实体类务必实现序列化,通讯需求
public class Dept implements Serializable {
    private Long deptno; //部门编号
    private String dname;

    //看下这个数据存在哪个数据库的字段~ 微服务 ,一个服务对应一个数据库
    //同一个信息可能存在不同的数据库
    private String dbSource;

    /**
     * 链式写法 Dept d=new Dept();
     * 以前  d.setDeptno(""); d.setDname("");
     * 链式写法:d.setDeptno("").etDname("");
     */
}

新建子工程 springcloud-provider-8001 作为服务提供者

  1. pom.xml
<dependencies>
        <!--我们需要拿到实体类,所以要配置api module-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dong</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日志门面-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--jetty:尝试着用这个当应用服务器,与Tomcat没什么区别-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署工具-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
 </dependencies>
  1. application.yml
server:
  port: 8001

#mybatis配置
mybatis:
  configuration:
    #开启驼峰命名
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
  type-aliases-package: com.dong.common.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

#spring的配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-provider-dept
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource  #数据源
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud?userSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC&allowMultiQueries=true
    username: root
    password: 123456

logging:
  level:
    com.dong.provider.dao: debug
  1. dao层
package com.dong.provider.dao;

import com.dong.common.pojo.Dept;
@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DeptMapper {
    //添加部门
    boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    //根据ID查询部门
    Dept queryById(@Param("deptno") long id);

    //查询全部部门
    List<Dept> queryAll();
}
  1. mapper
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.dong.provider.dao.DeptMapper">
    <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
        insert into dept(dname,db_source)
        values (#{dname},DATABASE());
    </insert>

    <select id="queryById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
        select * from dept where deptno = #{deptno};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAll" resultType="Dept">
        select * from dept;
    </select>
</mapper>
  1. service
package com.dong.provider.service;

import com.dong.common.pojo.Dept;

public interface DeptService {
    boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    Dept queryById(long id);

    List<Dept> queryAll();
}

package com.dong.provider.service.impl;

import com.dong.common.pojo.Dept;

@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {
    @Autowired
    private DeptMapper deptMapper;

    @Override
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
        return deptMapper.addDept(dept);
    }

    @Override
    public Dept queryById(long id) {
        return deptMapper.queryById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return deptMapper.queryAll();
    }
}
  1. controller
package com.dong.provider.controller;

import com.dong.common.pojo.Dept;

@RestController
public class DeptController {
    @Autowired
    private DeptService deptService;

    @PostMapping("/dept/add")
    public boolean addDept(@RequestBody Dept dept) {
        return deptService.addDept(dept);
    }


    @GetMapping("/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept getDept(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Dept dept = deptService.queryById(id);
        if (dept == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Fail");
        }
        return dept;
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return deptService.queryAll();
    }
}
  1. 主启动类
package com.dong.provider;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
    }
}
  1. 测试:略

新建子工程 springcloud-consumer-80 作为消费者

  1. pom.xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.dong</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-common</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署工具-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
  1. application.yml
server:
#80端口在浏览器访问的时候可以不加端口号,因为是默认的
  port: 80
  1. controller
package com.dong.consumer.controller;

@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {
    /**
     * 消费者 : 不因该有service层,因为我们访问的是服务提供者的资源
     * RestTemplate有很多方法给我们直接调用!
     * RestTemplate中没有Bean所以要我们自己把它注册到Bean中
     * 提供多种便捷访问远程http服务的方法,简单的restful服务模板
     * 我们通过RestTemplate可以实现从consumer调用provider模块的服务
     * 参数(url, 实体或Map(参数类型), Class<T> responseType(返回类型))
     */
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept getDept(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        //service不在本项目中,所以要去远程项目获取
        //远程只能用  get 方式请求,那么这里也只能通过 get 方式获取
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/get/" + id, Dept.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean add(Dept dept) {
        //远程只能用  post 方式请求,那么这里也只能通过 post 方式获取
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/list", List.class);
    }
}
  1. config
package com.dong.consumer.config;

@Configuration
//@Configuration ... 相当于spring中的配置文件 applicationContext.xml文件
public class ConfigBean {  
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}
  1. 主启动类
package com.dong.consumer;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

  1. 启动ConsumerApplication和ProviderApplication进行测试
测试一:
访问:http://localhost//consumer/dept/get/1
结果:{"deptno":1,"dname":"开发部","db_source":null}

测试二:
访问:	http://localhost//consumer/dept/add?dname=销售部
结果:true

测试三:
访问:http://localhost//consumer/dept/list
结果:
[
	{"deptno":1,"dname":"开发部","db_source":null},
	{"deptno":2,"dname":"人事部","db_source":null},
	{"deptno":3,"dname":"财务部","db_source":null},
	{"deptno":4,"dname":"市场部","db_source":null},
	{"deptno":5,"dname":"运维部","db_source":null},
	{"deptno":6,"dname":"销售部","db_source":null}
]
  1. 注意
在上面的测试二中:(最初服务提供方的controller中addDept方法没有加@RequestBody,就出现了如下错误
浏览器:org.springframework.web.client.HttpServerErrorException$InternalServerError:500
idea中控制台报的是sql中dname为null的错误
解决访问就是: public boolean addDept(@RequestBody Dept dept)

还有一点就是消费方add不能加@RequestBody,否则会报以下错误
There was an unexpected error (type=Bad Request, status=400).
Required request body is missing: public boolean com.dong.consumer.controller.DeptConsumerController.add(com.dong.common.pojo.Dept)

具体原因不详,求指教。

参考教程:https://www.kuangstudy.com/

posted @ 2021-05-18 11:38  懒鑫人  阅读(94)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报