Linux在线扩容

数据盘/dev/sda 空间不够申请在线扩容4T（大于2T），从原来的4T扩展到了8T，需要将新增4T空间添加至vg中，为谨慎起见先在测试环境中经过测试如何容量扩展，现将扩展过程步骤记录下来。

 

操作过程：

1、虚机新增磁盘

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[root@cod-vm2 ~]# fdisk -l
 
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b6637
 
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      616447      307200   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          616448     4812799     2098176   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3         4812800   104857599    50022400   83  Linux
[root@cod-vm2 ~]#  echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# fdisk -l
 
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b6637
 
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      616447      307200   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          616448     4812799     2098176   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3         4812800   104857599    50022400   83  Linux
 
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

 

echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan 意思是Linux下不重启主机识别新增磁盘

 

2、环境模拟（磁盘一部分分区挂在已使用，一部分未利用）

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[root@cod-vm2 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) gpt                                                             
  align-check TYPE N                        check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment
  help [COMMAND]                           print general help, or help on COMMAND
  mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE               create a new disklabel (partition table)
  mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END     make a partition
  name NUMBER NAME                         name partition NUMBER as NAME
  print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER]     display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partition
  quit                                     exit program
  rescue START END                         rescue a lost partition near START and END
   
  resizepart NUMBER END                    resize partition NUMBER
  rm NUMBER                                delete partition NUMBER
  select DEVICE                            choose the device to edit
  disk_set FLAG STATE                      change the FLAG on selected device
  disk_toggle [FLAG]                       toggle the state of FLAG on selected device
  set NUMBER FLAG STATE                    change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
  toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]]                   toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER
  unit UNIT                                set the default unit to UNIT
  version                                  display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted
(parted) mklabel gpt                                                     
(parted) mkpart test xfs 0 10G
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? I                                                         
(parted) print                                                           
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
 
Number  Start   End     Size     File system  Name  Flags
 1      17.4kB  10.0GB  10000MB               test
 
(parted) quit                                                            
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
 
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# fdisk -l                                               
 
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b6637
 
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      616447      307200   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          616448     4812799     2098176   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3         4812800   104857599    50022400   83  Linux
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.
 
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: C3E27A78-A2DB-48D5-B922-FB9A13F081CD
 
 
#         Start          End    Size  Type            Name
 1           34     19531250    9.3G  Microsoft basic test
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# ls -rlt /dev/sdb*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Dec 21 05:26 /dev/sdb
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 17 Dec 21 05:26 /dev/sdb1
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# vgcreate vg0 /dev/sdb1
  Volume group "vg0" successfully created
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# lvcreate -l +100%FREE -n lv_data vg0
  Logical volume "lv_data" created.
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/lv_data
meta-data=/dev/vg0/lv_data       isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=610048 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2440192, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# mkdir /soft/test
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# mount /dev/vg0/lv_data /soft/test
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3                 48G  6.6G   42G  14% /
devtmpfs                 895M     0  895M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    910M     0  910M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    910M   11M  900M   2% /run
tmpfs                    910M     0  910M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                297M  157M  140M  53% /boot
tmpfs                    182M  4.0K  182M   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                    182M   32K  182M   1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv_data  9.3G   33M  9.3G   1% /soft/test
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# cp /soft/YashanDB-TP-v21.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz /soft/test/
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# ls -rlt /soft/test/
total 47396
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 48531669 Dec 21 05:30 YashanDB-TP-v21.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

步骤提炼：

1、parted /dev/sdb 

mklabel gpt 

mkpart test xfs 0 10G

2、pvcreate /dev/sdb1

3、vgcreate vg0 /dev/sdb1

4、lvcreate -l +100%FREE -n lv_data vg0

5、mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/lv_data 

6、mkdir /soft/test && mount /dev/vg0/lv_data /soft/test

 

3、扩容

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[root@cod-vm2 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) print                                                           
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
 
Number  Start   End     Size     File system  Name  Flags
 1      17.4kB  10.0GB  10000MB               test
 
(parted) help                                                            
  align-check TYPE N                        check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment
  help [COMMAND]                           print general help, or help on COMMAND
  mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE               create a new disklabel (partition table)
  mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END     make a partition
  name NUMBER NAME                         name partition NUMBER as NAME
  print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER]     display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partition
  quit                                     exit program
  rescue START END                         rescue a lost partition near START and END
   
  resizepart NUMBER END                    resize partition NUMBER
  rm NUMBER                                delete partition NUMBER
  select DEVICE                            choose the device to edit
  disk_set FLAG STATE                      change the FLAG on selected device
  disk_toggle [FLAG]                       toggle the state of FLAG on selected device
  set NUMBER FLAG STATE                    change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
  toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]]                   toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER
  unit UNIT                                set the default unit to UNIT
  version                                  display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted
(parted) resizepart 1                                                    
End?  [10.0GB]? 100%                                                     
(parted) print
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
 
Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags
 1      17.4kB  21.5GB  21.5GB               test
 
(parted) quit                                                            
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
 
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# pvresize /dev/sdb1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" changed
  1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg0/lv_data
  LV Name                lv_data
  VG Name                vg0
  LV UUID                Zfb6nz-fwGF-SM47-7ZMW-3gJv-8fX7-2wCIFr
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time cod-vm2, 2021-12-21 05:28:57 -0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <9.31 GiB
  Current LE             2383
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0
    
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg0
  System ID            
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <20.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              5119
  Alloc PE / Size       2383 / <9.31 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       2736 / <10.69 GiB
  VG UUID               aJdj28-w6BP-8l9k-5KKl-d1fS-qPkt-1f4YV4
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# lvextend -L +10G /dev/vg0/lv_data
  Size of logical volume vg0/lv_data changed from <9.31 GiB (2383 extents) to <19.31 GiB (4943 extents).
  Logical volume vg0/lv_data successfully resized.
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# xfs_growfs /soft/test/
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg0-lv_data isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=610048 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2440192, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 2440192 to 5061632
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3                 48G  6.6G   42G  14% /
devtmpfs                 895M     0  895M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    910M     0  910M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    910M   11M  900M   2% /run
tmpfs                    910M     0  910M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                297M  157M  140M  53% /boot
tmpfs                    182M  4.0K  182M   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                    182M   32K  182M   1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv_data   20G   79M   20G   1% /soft/test
[root@cod-vm2 ~]# ls -rlt /soft/test/
total 47396
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 48531669 Dec 21 05:30 YashanDB-TP-v21.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@cod-vm2 ~]#

步骤提炼：

1、parted /dev/sdb resizepart 1 100%

2、pvresize /dev/sdb1 

3、vextend -L +10G /dev/vg0/lv_data

4、xfs_growfs /soft/test/

 

 

特别说明：

上面的步骤中，最后还漏了两个操作。

echo "/dev/vgdata1/lvdata1   /data1                xfs       defaults              0 0" >> /etc/fstab
mount -a

 

posted @ 2023-03-13 10:49  屠魔的少年  阅读(119)  评论(0)    收藏  举报